颜填料对EP改性有机硅粘接涂层耐高温性能和防腐性能的影响

以环氧树脂(EP)改性有机硅树脂作为基体树脂,通过加入锌铬黄和铁红等填料,配制成一种耐高温、防腐蚀性的粘接底层;以有机硅树脂为基体树脂,通过加入锐钛型钛白粉和纳米SiO2,配制成具有一定遮盖力和耐高温性能的粘接面层。对涂敷底层和面层的马口铁试片进行耐高温性能和耐腐蚀性能测试,并采用金相显微镜和扫描探针分别对底层、面层和(含底层/面层的)双层粘接涂层的微观结构进行表征。结果表明:当底层中的颜基比为1.4∶1时,粘接涂层可耐400℃高温,在各种介质中浸泡72h后,粘接涂层表面没有开裂现象;当底层中的颜基比为1.7∶1时,其填料在树脂中分散得比较均匀,两者间的结合效果较好,该粘接涂层可耐400℃高温,但耐腐蚀性能相对较差。     

RELATION OF COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION TO IMPACT RESISTANCE OF PORCELAIN ENAMELS*

The tentative standard impact test procedure, adopted by the Porcelain Enamel Institute, was used to test and compare cylinders coated with several experimental and commercial enamels. The important facts noted were (1) the effect of cubic thermal expansion on the impact resistance, (2) the importance of the ground coat to the resistance of any one cover enamel, and (3) the wide variation between cover enamels in resistance to impact.     

无铬锌铝膜层的开发与在铝合金阀体件上的应用

随着汽车整车及零部件膜层对六价铬含量的控制,需要开发无铬锌铝膜.针对无铬锌铝膜防腐蚀机理,实验确定了锌铝膜体系及其工艺,已应用在铝合金阀体零件上.该工艺所得涂层具有高耐蚀、无氢脆及自愈合性能好等特点.     

ZW-10微结构陶瓷耐磨(自润滑)重防腐涂层的应用研究

ZW-10微结构陶瓷耐磨（自润滑）重防腐涂层,是以具有高度耐蚀性和耐温性的无机物结构二氧化硅（SiO2）与有机的环氧丙烷苯基醚相连接,形成的陶瓷粘接剂为成膜物质,陶瓷粉末作为填料的可在常温固化的双组分涂料。该涂层具有高耐磨性、优异的耐蚀性以及卓越的综合物理、机械性能。各项测试结果完全满足指标要求。着重探讨了成膜物质和填料以及涂层的结构与性能之间的关系。     

THE RELATIONS BETWEEN COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF ENAMELS FOR SHEET STEEL1

Very little has been reported on the relations existing between enamel composition and the properties except the resistance to acids. In this investigation a study was made of the relation between enamel composition and such properties of the enamel as expansion, strength and acid resistance, as well as the effect of the relative “fit” of the ground and cover coats on resistance of the enameled ware to impact and to thermal shock. The work was done on fourteen ground coats and white cover enamels applied to eight-inch dinner plates. The latter were tested for resistance to impact, to thermal shock, and to acetic acid. Determinations were made of the expansion and compression strength of the enamels before application to the steel. Conclusions.—1. The replacement of boric oxide by sodium oxide in the enamels increased the coefficient of expansion. Fish-scaling decreased with increase of ex- pansion, due to increases of sodium oxide. 2. The compressive strength of the ground coats appeared to decrease with re- placement of boric oxide by sodium oxide, although the reverse conditions occurred in the case of the cover enamels. 3. Impact on the parts of enameled ware not free to deflect, such as the curved corners at the bottom, gives a measure of the toughness of the enamel as applied on the steel. The resistance of the enamel on corners to impact apparently is a function of the inherent strength of the enamel rather than its “fit” on the ware. 4. For greatest resistance to thermal shock, the ware should be coated with a ground coat having a coefficient of expansion equal to or preferably greater than that for the cover enamel. 5. Acid resistance, while dependent on the enamel composition, is not affected in the same way for all enamels. For these particular cover enamels, resistance to acids decreased with replacements of boric oxide by sodium oxide.     

RELATION OF COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION TO CROSS-BENDING STRENGTH OF SHEET-STEEL ENAMELS1

Two series of enamels were made with calculated cubical coefficients of expansion varying from 361 to 306. In both series of enamels, the cross-bending values were inversely proportional to the coefficient of expansion. This is due to the fact that all enamels on sheet steel have lower coefficients of thermal expansion than steel. In cooling, after the enamel is fused to the metal, strains are set up in the enamel; the lower the expansion of the enamel the greater the strains. When the enameled piece is bent, the greater the stresses present, the farther the pieces can be bent before there is any real tensile strain on the enamel. High bending ability is dependent primarily on high compressive strains induced by lower coefficient of expansion of the enamel than of the metal base. Compressive strains cause warping, fishscaling (in ground coat), and chipping; therefore the bending strength should not be too high. In all control work both the minimum and the maximum bending strength should be specified.     

耐高温防腐涂料的研制

研制出一种耐高温防腐涂料。该涂料包括底漆、中间漆和表面漆，主要由有机硅树脂和无机填料组成，采用正交试验优选出最佳组成配方，研究了有机硅树脂对涂层耐热、耐蚀性的影响。结果表明，有机硅树脂能明显改善涂层的耐热，耐蚀性有，这是由于其具有特殊的R－Si-O-Si-O-R结构。     

Technique development and measurement of Poisson's ratio,lateral creep behavior,and thermal and hygroscopic expansion of individual layers in magnetic tapes

An experimental technique was developed to measure the Poisson's ratio (lateral contraction over longitudinal elongation), lateral creep, and both thermal and hygroscopic expansion of thin polymeric films. A so‐called profile‐matching method was developed to measure the lateral and longitudinal deformation with the help of a laser scan micrometer. A thermomechanical analyzer was used to measure the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The laser scan technique was also used to measure the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion (CHE). The measurements were performed on magnetic tapes, substrates, and tapes with front coat or back coat, or with both coats stripped. A model based on the rule of mixtures was developed to determine the Poisson's ratio, lateral and longitudinal deformation behavior, and thermal expansion of the front coat and back coat. To investigate the mechanical degradation of the substrates during tape manufacturing, the data for substrate with the front and back coats removed from the tape, were compared with the data for the never‐coated virgin film. The relationship between the molecular structure and the degradation mechanism of the substrates is discussed. The magnetic tapes used in this research include two metal particle (MP) tapes and two metal evaporated (ME) tapes that use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates. Longitudinal and lateral deformation tests were performed at 25 ± 0.5°C and 50 ± 2%RH, and thermal expansion was measured from 15 to 70°C. The CHE was measured at 25 ± 0.5°C and 15–80%RH. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2082–2096, 2003     

天然石材饰面涂料

提出了一种新的天然石材饰面方法,即先用自干底漆预涂石材表面,然后用紫外光固化涂料罩面。介绍了所用底漆和面漆的配制。讨论了底漆的选择,以及光固化树脂和单体对面漆性能的影响。饰面石材优于普通机械抛光石材,具有光泽高、耐磨、耐老化、耐污染等特点,能满足高档装饰的要求。     

RAW AND WHITE GROUND COAT1

The author discusses the possibility of using the mineral lepidolite as a ground coat or enamel. The analyses of several samples of lepidolite are given; their refractoriness and expansion values are also calculated. Being high in Al₂O₃ and containing no B₂O₃ precludes the use of lepidolite in any essential quantities. Lithium oxide of which lepidolite contains about 4% does not aid in adhesion of the ground coat to cast iron. The patented ground coats with their various materials and minerals are discussed. The literature is reviewed and examples of good and defective ground coats are named using composition data and microphotographs to illustrate the essentials for good ground coat adherence.     

Microstructure and wear properties of plasma‐sprayed aluminum–silicon–polyester coatings

Powder coatings, which are made by plasma‐spraying processes, are being used in industrial applications because of their wear resistance, chemical resistance, and high impact strength even at low service temperatures. These factors increase the importance of plastic and plastic‐based coatings in industrial applications. In this study, an aluminum–silicon–polyester‐based composite coating was applied by plasma‐spraying processes with and without an intermediate bond coat (Ni–Al). The effects of the coating thickness, intermediate bond coat, and processes parameters on the microstructure and wear properties of the coating were studied experimentally. The wear properties of the coatings were determined according to ball‐on‐disk procedure. The microstructures of the coating were examined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the plasma‐spraying current and thickness had a strong influence on the wear resistance and microstructural properties of the aluminum–silicon–polyester coating. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3609–3614, 2006     

Microtexture Analysis of the Alumina Scale in Thermal Barrier Coatings

Transmission electron microscopy‐based grain orientation mapping method was employed to investigate the microtexture of the alumina scale formed in commercial thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with two standard types of Pt‐enriched bond coats. Reliable orientation/phase maps with a spatial resolution down to 2 nm were acquired on the alumina grains. It was observed that the alumina scale on the Pt‐aluminide β‐phase bond coat has a stronger c‐axis texture normal to the bond coat surface, in comparison with that on the Pt‐diffused γ/γ′‐phase bond coat. The microtexture of the alumina scale could affect its effective coefficient of thermal expansion, which is a contributor to the severity of the bond coat rumpling mechanism of TBCs failure.     

EFFECT OF COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION OF GROUND- AND COVER-COAT ENAMELS ON THERMAL-SHOCK AND IMPACT RESISTANCE *

Four antimony cover-coat enamels, four fluoride cover-coat enamels, and four ground-coat enamels were formulated to give varying coefficients of expansion. The calculated values were 250, 275, 300, and 325 × 10^–7. The observed coefficients of expansion are included in the paper. The enamels were applied to standard 2-quart pudding pans and were tested for thermal shock and impact resistance using the standard methods of the Enameled Utensil Manufacturers’Council. The results show that thermal-shock resistance is controlled chiefly by the coefficient of expansion of the ground-coat and cover-coat enamels. The best results were obtained by using a cover-coat enamel with a low coefficient of expansion and a ground coat with a high coefficient of expansion. No conclusive evidence was found to indicate any effect of the coefficient of expansion of the ground- and cover-coat enamels on impact resistance. The solubility resistance and reflectance curves for the enamels are also included.     

金银丝保护层涂料涂层厚度对其性能的影响

以PET薄膜为基材,用丙烯酸氨基树脂作保护层涂料制得了金银丝。研究了保护涂层厚度对金银丝耐酸碱蒸煮、耐有机溶剂、耐摩擦和柔韧性等性能的影响,实验结果表明涂层的最佳厚度为1.0μm左右。     

环氧改性有机硅树脂的应用研究

以不同环氧改性有机硅树脂作为基料树脂,研究了不同树脂对漆膜性能的影响;通过选用不同固化体系对漆膜机械性能和耐热性做了比较;同时研究了环氧改性有机硅树脂与有机硅树脂的混溶性及影响;分别研究了该树脂配制的底、中、面涂层的常规性能及复合涂层的机械性能。同时对不同固化剂的影响和不同树脂的影响做了TG和DSC分析,结果表明,环氧改性有机硅树脂耐温性能较环氧树脂有较明显的提高,基本可用于高温涂料;环氧改性有机硅树脂可与纯有机硅树脂复配,有望形成具有更高耐温性能的涂膜。并且可通过复合固化剂的选用达到更佳的耐温性能和较好的物理机械性能。     

改性丙烯酸树脂在底面合一环氧涂料中的应用研究

底面合一涂料,不仅能够缩短施工时间,而且能够在一定程度上降低施工成本。环氧涂料因其耐腐蚀性好、耐候性差,常作为底漆使用。通过对丙烯酸树脂进行改性,使其具有活性胺基,将改性后的丙烯酸树脂作为固化剂与环氧树脂进行交联反应,制备了一种底面合一环氧涂料。该涂料不仅具有良好的耐腐蚀性能,而且具有优异的户外耐久性,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Failure Mechanisms of a Zirconia-8 wt% Yttria Thermal Barrier Coating

Isothermal and cyclic heat treatments of a plasma-sprayed zirconia-8 wt% yttria thermal barrier coating on a nickel superalloy substrate highlighted coating failure mechanisms. A reaction layer formed at the bond coat/ceramic interface, and failure of the coating initiated in the reaction layer due to opening thermal expansion mismatch stresses associated with a nonplanar interface. Crack propagation occurred in the ceramic in all cases, due to the high fracture energy of the interface. The relatively low fracture energy of the coating, in planes parallel to the interface, is the ultimate factor limiting coating lifetime.     

UV固化工艺制备新型聚氨酯丙烯酸酯人造大理石

以PUA(聚氨酯丙烯酸酯)为基体、炭黑和白炭黑为颜填料,采用UV(紫外光)固化工艺制备出一种新型PUA类人造大理石。研究结果表明:新型人造大理石将传统的成型过程及表面处理环节整合为一步法,极大简化了传统人造大理石的生产工艺;PUA本身具有良好的耐擦伤性、柔韧性、撕裂强度、光学性能和耐候性能,引入炭黑和白炭黑后可进一步增加涂层的硬度和抗冲击强度;以炭黑和白炭黑作为基本色,通过调节两者比例可配制出不同灰度的涂层,并且涂层的基本性能不受影响;该人造大理石具有良好的耐干热性能、耐化学腐蚀性能和耐污染性能,其光泽度为89%～92%,并且表面平整、光滑、饱满且装饰效果极好。     

高耐蚀性镀锌白钝化后处理工艺

镀锌层经白色钝化后，中性盐雾试验出现白锈的时间仅为4h，为提高其耐蚀性，采用高耐蚀性镀锌蓝钝与封闭处理相结合，介绍了工艺过程及操作条件，分析了影响膜层耐蚀性的因素。结果表明：采用该工艺能得到白色封闭膜，中性盐雾试验48小时后不出现白锈。     

新型多功能保洁涂料的研制与应用

保洁涂料是一种新型特种涂料。本文介绍了这种新型涂料的实验配方及其技术性能。实验结果和实际应用表明：该涂料具有无毒、漆膜柔韧、平整光亮、耐洗刷、抗冲击、附着力好、耐介质性能优良、防渗防漏等特点,具有净化材料表面的优良性能,特别适用于生活饮用水的保洁贮存与输送。对于防止生活饮用水二次污染,实现直供水,使我国自来水饮水卫生达到国际先进水平具有特殊意义。