微米级球形HNS的制备及形貌控制

采用喷雾干燥法制备了微米级六硝基菡（HNS）,并对其粒度和形貌控制进行了分析。结果表明,不同入口温度下溶剂的挥发速率有较大差异,过高或过低的入口温度会导致颗粒表面形成凹凸不平或破裂缺陷;随着溶液浓度的增加,HNS的平均粒径呈增大趋势;进料量也是影响HNS粒径和形貌的主要因素,进料量越大,HNS平均粒径越大,而颗粒形状则与不同进料量下料液在高速旋转雾化轮上形成液滴的过程相关。获得了颗粒尺寸分布为1～6μm的表面光滑、球状、高纯度的HNS颗粒,并用SEM、XRD和HPLC等方法对其进行了表征分析。     

喷雾干燥法制备载药微球时的形貌与粒度控制

Drug-loaded microspheres are usually used as a biophysically targeted delivery system. The morphology and size distribution of the microspheres are key effects on the efficiency in therapy. The microspheres could be prepared by the spray drying method, and the characterization could be controlled by varying the drying conditions. The whole preparation process is highly efficient, and suitable for commercialization. In this work, a case for preparation of the microspheres of tanshinone (TAN) solid dispersions was studied, and the mechanisms of morphology and size control of microspheres during the spray drying process were investigated. The effects of inlet temperature, concentration and components of precursors, and feed rate on the morphology and size distribution of products were studied. The results showed that the morphology of the dry products depended on the inlet temperature, the components of precursor and feed rate. Among them, temperature was the most important factor. The size of microspheres was mainly controlled by the concentration of the precursor. This work might be a reference for morphology and size control of targeted drug delivery microspheres by the spray drying method.     

喷雾干燥法制备偏钨酸铵微球时的形貌与粒度

偏钨酸铵(AMT)是碳化钨(WC)催化剂的前驱体之一,WC颗粒的表面形貌和粒径分布受其前驱体性质的影响,并最终影响其催化活性.今介绍了气流式和离心式两种喷雾干燥法的工作原理,通过两种不同喷雾方式成功制备了不同形貌的AMT微球,并研究了微球的形貌和粒度.结果表明,粉末经离心式喷雾干燥处理后为实心球状,经气流式喷雾干燥处理则为空心球状.在气流式喷雾干燥条件下,探讨了料液浓度、进料速度和表面活性剂对AMT微球粒度的影响.研究表明,料液浓度因素对微球粒径影响最大;在不同干燥条件下,所制备的球形粉体的最小中位径(d50)为2.26 μm.以上结果为喷雾微球化-气固反应制备介孔结构空心球状WC催化剂及其形貌和粒度的控制提供了参考依据.     

蛋白质和多肽类药物微粉化技术的开发与应用

喷雾干燥技术用于蛋白质和多肽类药物微粉化，应关注如何避免对温度敏感的蛋白质和多肽类药物在热空气流中发生变性。在喷雾后的干燥初始阶段，蛋白质和多肽溶液的液滴与空气接触的界面保持湿润，其温度低于热空气的温度，此时蛋白质和多肽不易变性；随着干燥过程的继续，液滴内部的水分逐渐分散到表面，液滴中溶解的蛋白质和多肽逐渐固化。蛋白质和多肽高温下失水相对容易变性。     

比较两种微粉化技术对益母草中生物碱提取的影响

目的:研究比较两种微粉化技术对益母草中生物碱提取率的影响。方法:分别采用超声波细胞破碎法和高速研磨法对中药益母草总生物碱进行提取;以雷氏法测定总生物碱含量,比较不同工艺条件对益母草生物碱的提取效果。结论:采用95%乙醇有机溶剂,高速研磨法提取1 h的益母草生物碱含量略高于超声波细胞粉碎法所得量,且随着提取时间的延长,微粉化过程中的控温对实验结果有重要影响。     

喷雾干燥颗粒表面形貌形成过程粗粒化模拟

喷雾干燥制粒有着广泛的应用。颗粒表面形貌的调控对提升颗粒品质起到至关重要的作用。本研究旨在建立分子尺度粗粒化模型，描述蒸发诱导下溶质的自组装行为，预测不同干燥条件下表面形貌的演变过程。文中建立的粗粒化网格Monte Carlo模型可以处理球形固体溶质，并充分考虑各物质之间相互作用及相变过程。开发的分析方法可以定量蒸发过程中液体残留率、颗粒分布与组装形貌。通过初步的二维系统模拟可以发现，溶剂不断蒸发过程中溶质逐渐移动，形成各种自组装结构。溶剂化学势越小，液体残留率越低。随着初始溶质浓度升高，最终溶质组装形貌从点状变为网状结构。不同的物质间相互作用也会导致紧密或松散的溶质分布。     

重结晶法制备微粉化布洛芬的初步探索

试验探讨布洛芬重结晶过程的基本操作条件，在5℃以下的温度及800r／min或以上的搅拌转速，按小于1：2的体积比以不大于8mL／min的连续相加料速度将0．6～0.8mol/L的布洛芬乙醇溶液加入水中，可以得到优化的92％以上的收率和平均粒度为4μm的布洛芬粒子。并按小试确定的基本条件在工业旋转床反应器中放大，得到了更加优化的平均粒度为1．5μm的布洛芬重结晶产品。     

微粉化蜡在油漆、油墨方面的应用

微粉化蜡以其优异的性能广泛应用于油漆、油墨中,它提高了表面的抗划伤性、耐磨性、增加滑度、改善手感,并提高抗粘连、抗污性能,防止颜料沉降,配合哑光粉生产高性能哑光漆等,现已经成为油漆、油墨生产中不可缺少的重要助剂。     

水溶胶冻干法制备微粉化辛伐他汀

利用反溶剂沉淀法,以甲醇为溶剂,水为反溶剂,将辛伐他汀的甲醇溶液与水混合,形成水溶胶,用液氮速冻,经冷冻干燥,得到微粉化的辛伐他汀.并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)、比表面分析(BET)等分析方法对产品的特性进行了表征,此外还测定了微粉化后产品的溶解速率,并和原料进行了对比.结果表明,辛伐他汀粉体粒度随水与甲醇的混合体积比的增加和辛伐他汀的甲醇溶液浓度的减小而减小,同时团聚减小.而混合温度与转速对产品粒径影响不大.当水与甲醇溶液的混合体积比为10:1,辛伐他汀的甲醇溶液浓度为0.1 mol·L-1时,所得药物颗粒为纤维状,短径在500 nm左右,比表面可达10 m2·g-1以上,同时溶解速率比原粉提高近10倍.     

不同形貌盐酸环丙沙星粉雾剂的制备及其性能研究

盐酸环丙沙星作模型药物,采用溶剂反溶剂法重结晶微粉化,将重结晶浆料直接喷雾干燥,得到由细小针状粒子团聚而成的鸟巢状颗粒;重结晶浆料过滤后经乙醇再分散喷干可得到棒状粒子;重结晶时加入乳糖可以得到绒毛球状粒子.采用多层液体碰撞器(MSLI)对不同形貌的粒子进行体外肺部沉积效果表征,显示微粉化之后的颗粒肺部沉积效果明显变好.     

The Influence of the Spray Drying Process on Product Properties

Uniform and repeatable product characteristics are critical in the performance and acceptance of consumer products, and the spray drying process can have a major influence on achieving these characteristics. This article shares experiences in the Spray Drying of powdered detergent granules in Procter & Gamble. It looks at the influence of both process operation and process equipment design on product characteristics. Procter & Gamble (P&G) is a major global producer of consumer products in the areas of fabric and home care; personal and beauty care; health care; and snacks and beverages. Whilst different drying operations, and product quality measuring tools are mentioned by Genskow (Genskow, L.R.¹ Considerations in Drying Consumer Products, Proceedings of 6th International Drying Symposium, Versailles, September, 1988; Keynote lecture, 39-46.) as being involved in all of the categories of Company production, I will concentrate on the counter-current Spray Drying process and controls, used in the manufacture of most of the detergent granules business of P&G. This area is the oldest and largest of the Company's core business activities. Innovative technology development is critical in continuing to satisfy the consumer need for performance and value. Use of modeling in the spray drying process is helping the Company to move faster in delivering these advanced technologies. And, through better understanding of the process, it is possible to minimize capital expenditure, and improve trouble-shooting ability across the global production facilities.     

The Influence of the Spray Drying Process on Product Properties

Abstract

Uniform and repeatable product characteristics are critical in the performance and acceptance of consumer products, and the spray drying process can have a major influence on achieving these characteristics. This article shares experiences in the Spray Drying of powdered detergent granules in Procter & Gamble. It looks at the influence of both process operation and process equipment design on product characteristics. Procter & Gamble (P&G) is a major global producer of consumer products in the areas of fabric and home care; personal and beauty care; health care; and snacks and beverages. Whilst different drying operations, and product quality measuring tools are mentioned by Genskow (Genskow, L.R.¹ Considerations in Drying Consumer Products, Proceedings of 6th International Drying Symposium, Versailles, September, 1988; Keynote lecture, 39–46.) as being involved in all of the categories of Company production, I will concentrate on the counter-current Spray Drying process and controls, used in the manufacture of most of the detergent granules business of P&G. This area is the oldest and largest of the Company's core business activities. Innovative technology development is critical in continuing to satisfy the consumer need for performance and value. Use of modeling in the spray drying process is helping the Company to move faster in delivering these advanced technologies. And, through better understanding of the process, it is possible to minimize capital expenditure, and improve trouble-shooting ability across the global production facilities.     

HNS在NMP中溶析/冷却结晶工艺研究

六硝基茋是一种重要的耐热炸药,堆积密度的大小对其应用性能有很大影响。文章采用溶析/冷却的结晶方法,研究NMP中重结晶制备六硝基茋-Ⅱ晶体的工艺,采用生物显微镜观察所得晶体的形貌,堆积密度的测定按军标执行。结果表明,以NMP为溶剂,氯苯为溶析剂,起始温度115℃,降温速率15℃/h,所得的晶体长宽比最小,堆积密度最大。     

絮凝剂产生菌的驯化及处理六硝基芪生产废水的研究

利用六硝基芪生产废水对微生物絮凝剂产生菌驯化培养得到降解六硝基芪生产废水的高效絮凝剂产生菌,絮凝活性主要分布在上清液中,微生物絮凝剂有较好的热稳定性。用单因素法研究了絮凝剂投加量、水样pH值、助凝剂CaCl2溶液投加量对废水COD去除率的影响。结果表明,当pH为8,絮凝剂投加量为5mL,CaCl2溶液投加量为5mL时,废水的COD去除率可达68．21％。通过比较,微生物絮凝剂MBF SY-6处理六硝基芪生产废水是一种高效低成本的技术。     

Influence of Spray Drying Conditions on Physicochemical Properties of Chicken Meat Powder

The influence of spray-drying conditions on the physicochemical properties of chicken meat hydrolysate powder was studied in this work. Enzymatic reaction, using Alcalase® (Novozymes, Bagsvaerd, Denmark), was carried out at 52.5°C, 4.2 g enzyme/100 g protein, and pH of 8.0 to obtain protein hydrolysate. The spray drying was carried out on a laboratory spray dryer and maltodextrin 10DE was used as carrier agent. A central composite rotatable design was used to evaluate the effect of the independent variables inlet air temperature, feed flow, and maltodextrin concentration on the responses powder moisture content, bulk density, mean particle diameter, and hygroscopicity. All variables had a significant effect on the properties and morphology of protein hydrolysate powder.     

Spray Drying of Chicken Meat Protein Hydrolysate: Influence of Process Conditions on Powder Property and Dryer Performance

The influence of operational conditions of a spray dryer on powder properties and equipment performance during spray drying of chicken meat hydrolysate was evaluated by a central composite rotatable design. The independent variables were inlet air temperature (120 to 200°C) and feed flow (0.1 to 0.38 kg/h). Spray dryer performance was assessed through estimation of product recovery, outlet air temperature, thermal efficiency, and energy on the dryer, obtained by mass and heat balance in the dryer system. Powder property was characterized in respect to antioxidant activity. The stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to estimate the antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysate powder. This response varied from 38.7 to 59.4% and was only affected by inlet air temperature. Moreover, the results demonstrate a significant effect of the processing conditions on dryer performance. The increase of feed flow results in higher thermal efficiency and lower energy on dryer. Higher product recovery values were obtained at lower inlet air temperature and feed flow.     

喷雾干燥的计算机模拟

对喷雾干燥的计算机模拟计算进行了初步探讨,用FORTRAN语言编制了程序,对喷雾干燥过程进行了总体衡算和微元衡算,使计算快速、准确,而且便于程序与数据管理,结果表明,计算机完全可以替代人工手算.     

超细HNS在非限制条件下的烤燃试验

为了获得六硝基芪的烤燃响应特性,对六硝基芪进行了非限制条件下的程序升温烤燃试验.结果表明,随着升温速率的增加,HNS的起始反应温度呈升高的趋势.3.3℃/h升温速率下3种尺寸的HNS药柱只发生热分解反应,且反应后发现大量黑色残留物.在5℃/min和10℃/min条件下药柱发生燃烧或不完全燃烧反应,均没有发生爆炸现象.几...