多场景视频监控中的人物连续跟踪

针对多场景监控,提出一种能在非重叠的多摄像机之间,实时地检测与被跟踪行人（目标）的视频监控系统。该系统分别对每个摄像机视频进行背景建模、前景检测以及运动目标的特征提取,当目标离开摄像机视域的时候,根据已知的拓扑关系向相关摄像机发布监控任务,当有目标进入处于有效监控状态的摄像机视域时,进行目标匹配,从而实现在多摄像机系统中对行人目标的持续跟踪。实验表明,该系统在非重叠摄像机场景中能实现实时的、鲁棒的目标跟踪。     

基于IMOS平台的智能监控系统设计与实现

本文通过对IMOS平台的监控视频进行分析与处理,并在此基础上通过IMOS平台来操控终端摄像机的控制云台,实现对运动目标的自动跟踪。     

运动目标跟踪研究

运动目标跟踪是智能视频监控系统的核心处理技术,是监控系统实现智能化的关键。跟踪过程中由于光线、遮挡等问题的存在,对相邻的视频序列中同一目标进行准确定位造成很大影响。主要对单摄像机内运动目标的稳定跟踪以及遮挡处理进行研究。     

基于视觉目标跟踪的PTZ控制方法

针对目前基于主动视觉的PTZ摄像机控制跟踪性能差,无法连续、实时跟踪动态目标,且跟踪目标的准确度低下等缺陷,提出了一种基于核相关视觉目标跟踪算法的云台摄像机控制方法。首先设计了云台摄像机系统的整体架构。视觉目标跟踪采用核相关目标跟踪方法,时效性很高,跟踪精确度也位列于目标跟踪领域的高等水平。根据跟踪结果信息,通过PELCO-D协议控制PTZ摄像机,始终保持目标在视频画面内。并用C++实现了KCF算法控制PTZ摄像机上位机,实验验证了该种PTZ控制方法的准确性、适用性及稳定性。     

安防领域中运动目标自动跟踪算法的设计

本文阐述了一种安防领域中运动目标自动跟踪算法的实现,该系统用于控制摄像机捕捉移动目标,主要由超声波传感器、舵机云台、摄像头、上位机监控界面等组成。由两组超声波传感器对运动目标进行综合定位,通过数学运算的方式,得出物体较精确的二维坐标,处理得到云台的控制量,控制摄像机跟踪目标,并在上位机上显示状态。     

基于摄像机运动控制的运动目标检测与跟踪算法研究

本文提出基于摄像机运动控制的运动目标的一种检测与跟踪算法。首先预设多幅参考背景图像差分方法检测运动目标区域,然后采用投影法快速确定运动目标体的位置及移动方向,来控制摄像机转动预设角度跟踪移动目标。该方法实现了将运动目标跟踪置于画面的最佳观测位置,针对大多数摄像机位置固定的场所,该法具有较大的广泛适用性。     

基于改进核相关滤波器的PTZ摄像机控制方法

针对传统的PTZ(pan-tilt-zoom)摄像机控制方法是依靠人工操作,无法连续、实时跟踪动态目标,且跟踪目标准确度低等缺陷,提出了一种基于改进的核相关滤波器(KCF)目标跟踪算法的PTZ摄像机控制方法.首先,对传统的KCF目标跟踪算法做了运动状态估计和尺度估计方面的改进.在目标运动状态估计中,将粒子滤波框架与传统KCF算法相结合,估算出运动目标的位置.这种基于概率的运动状态估计方法可以获得更加稳定的目标信号并同时减少背景干扰信息的引入,从而可以在复杂场景下具有更强的抗干扰性.目标尺度估计中采用相关滤波器在尺度金字塔中估算目标的尺度,使算法对尺度变化的运动目标具有更强的适应能力.其次,根据跟踪结果信息,通过PELCO D协议控制PTZ摄像机,始终保持目标在视频画面内.最后,将改进KCF算法与其他跟踪算法在Benchmark数据集中做对比实验,验证改进算法的鲁棒性与有效性.将算法应用于PTZ摄像机的控制中,并用C++语言实现了改进KCF算法控制PTZ摄像机上位机,实验结果表明该PTZ摄像机控制方法能准确跟踪被遮挡目标,使其稳定地呈现在取景框中.     

基于多CPU的目标识别与跟踪系统设计

设计了一个实时图像采集、目标识别与跟踪系统;系统功能包括图像采集、运动估计、目标识别、摄像机云台控制等;系统功能主要由3片CPU完成,其中由2片DSP构成的图像采集处理单元实现两路图像采集、目标识别和运动估计,识别和估计结果通过系统总线送给跟踪控制系统;由1片ARM构成的目标跟踪控制系统对2路摄像机的云台和镜头等实现实时控制,使目标一直位于视场中;该系统采样率为10fps,当运动目标的距离在100 m以内,速度小于15 m/s时,可以实现实时识别与跟踪;该系统可以应用于视频监控等应用领域。     

海防视频监控系统中运动目标跟踪的设计与实现

针对海防视频监控系统中运动目标跟踪的问题,本文提出了利用上位机软件进行目标跟踪的设计与实现方案。文章首先介绍了海防视频监控系统的总体组成及工作流程;然后阐述了相关跟踪算法与金字塔分层搜索算法的实现,以及利用序贯相似检测算法与金字塔算法相结合的目标检测方法;最后描述了用目标偏移量对云台进行控制实现自动跟踪
踪的过程。通过在实际海防视频监控系统中的应用,对运动目标跟踪实现方案的有效性、实时性等特性进行了验证。     

面向动摄像机的高速运动目标检测

目的为解决动摄像机中高速运动目标检测复杂度高的问题,提出一种基于压缩视频运动矢量的高速运动目标检测新方法。方法该方法首先分析监控视频的码流格式和解码特点;然后从视频流中直接提取运动矢量;接着进行运动矢量规范化,并根据3σ准则提取场景的全局运动参数;最后通过对运动矢量统计特征的分析,实现面向动摄像机的高速运动目标快速检测。结果仿真实验表明,该方法在经典和自建数据库上目标提取效率较现有算法均有较大提高。结论本文方法充分利用了压缩视频数据中蕴含的运动信息,极大降低运动目标检测的复杂度,可以有效提取动摄像机成像画面中的高速运动目标,在经典和自建数据库上的目标提取效率较现有算法均有较大提高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.