耐火材料对钢水杂质的影响

研究不同耐火材料在熔炼汽车用钢(IF)时对钢水中杂质的影响.研究含游离CaO耐火材料对全脱氧镇静钢(AR016)的净化作用.结果表明:用不同耐火材料熔炼时,钢水的杂质成分会发生变化.用镁碳耐火材料熔炼时,钢中C含量会明显增加.用镁铝耐火材料时,钢中Al含量会增加.用含游离CaO的镁钙耐火材料熔炼时,钢中杂质几乎不增加,而且对钢中某些元素,如:磷、硅、硫等还会有明显的降低,因此它是冶炼洁净钢用理想的耐火材料.     

镁质耐火材料与钢中镁铝尖晶石夹杂形成的热力学关系

洁净钢用耐火材料已越来越受到人们的关注,耐火材料是钢中氧化物夹杂的主要来源之一.为了考察耐火材料对钢中氧含量的影响,将纯铁置于镁质浇注料坩埚中在还原气氛下于1600℃温度保温3h.对试验后的钢样进行了SEM和EDS分析,结果发现钢中有MgO·Al2O3夹杂形成.本文从热力学的角度对试验过程中熔钢里形成的尖晶石氧化物的成因进行了分析,计算结果表明:即使钢中的Al含量较低,MgO·Al2O3尖晶石依然可以形成.     

洁净钢炉外精炼与连铸用耐火材料及其发展

简述了洁净钢炉外精炼与连铸用耐火材料的现状及发展方向,主要介绍了精炼钢包系统、RH精炼系统、中间包系统用耐火材料的材质选择及技术进步,同时强调了耐火材料的管理及创新在洁净钢生产中的作用。     

MgO基和Al2O3基耐火材料对钢中S的影响

探讨了Al2O3-MgO,MgO-Al2O3和MgO-CaO耐火材料对82B钢中S的影响.利用化学分析、图像分析、扫描电镜和能谱分析等检测手段研究了82B钢水在中频炉中经1500℃冶炼80min后耐火材料内衬成分变化及钢中硫夹杂物的变化.结果表明:MgO-CaO材料能吸附钢中S,从而使钢中硫化物含量降低,起到净化钢水的作用.     

洁净钢生产技术的发展与耐火材料的相互关系

概述了洁净钢生产技术的发展概况,以及基础耐火材料和功能耐火材料在炉外精炼、中间包冶金和结晶器冶金中的应用和作用;着重评述可为洁净钢生产创造清洁环境和减少污染,有利于提高钢的纯净度和生产效率的耐火材料;指出洁净钢作为钢铁工业的一个战略发展目标,必将给耐火材料带来无限的机遇和光明的前景。     

MgO基和Al2O3基耐火材料对钢中磷的影响

探讨了MgO-CaO、MgO-Al2O3和Al2O3-MgO耐火材料对82B钢中磷的影响.利用化学分析、扫描电镜和能谱分析等检测手段测定了82B钢水在中频炉中经 1450℃冶炼80min后耐火材料内衬成分变化及钢中磷的变化,还探讨了MgO-CaO材料的脱磷机理.结果表明, MgO-CaO材料中的游离CaO能吸附钢中P,达到脱磷效果其中CaO含量30%的材料脱磷效果最佳达到61%.     

石灰质耐火材料的生产与应用

以工业石灰为原料，研制开发了石灰质耐火材料，并成功地延缓其水化速度以满足工业生产的需要。着重介绍了石灰质耐火材料的研制过程及在真空冶炼中对钢液的净化作用。     

太钢不锈钢冶炼用耐火材料

简单介绍了太钢不锈钢冶炼工艺及主要冶炼设备,重点介绍了大钢不锈钢冶炼的各工序(或工艺)包括铁水预处理、K-OBM-S转炉、VOD炉、脱磷转炉、超高功率电炉和AOD炉用耐火材料的选择和应用情况.     

LaCrO3对MgO-CaO材料的结晶及抗水化性能的影响

镁钙系耐火材料是冶炼洁净钢的一种优良耐火材料,但由于其易水化的问题严重限制了它的应用.本文以含50wt%CaO的MgO-CaO砂为对象,研究了添加LaCrO3对其抗水化性能和结晶特性的影响.结果表明:LaCrO3可明显地提高镁钙系材料的抗水化性能,其最佳加入量为1%.由试样断面的电镜扫描分析可知,LaCrO3可以有选择性的促进MgO-CaO质材料中CaO晶粒的生长.     

外电场对水在CaO(100)表面吸附的第一性原理计算

镁钙系耐火材料是冶炼洁净钢的理想耐火材料,然而其中的游离氧化钙易水化,限制了其广泛的应用.在本工作中,采用第一性原理计算的方法研究了H2 O分子在CaO(100)表面的吸附行为.在此基础上又研究了外加电场对H2 O分子在CaO(100)表面吸附行为的影响.结果表明:H2 O分子最容易以垂直向上取向和垂直向下取向吸附于C...     

Use Of Andalusite Refractories In Ferrous Metallurgy

The characteristics of andalusite, which is a natural raw material used without prior firing, are presented together with physical and service properties of andalusite refractories. The main spheres of application of refractories based on andalusite in ferrous metallurgy are described, namely, in air heaters of blast furnaces, mobile mixers, and hot-metal transfer, steel-casting, and intermediate ladles. Andalusite refractories are also used for auxiliary equipment. Advantages of the use of andalusite refractory materials and articles as compared to other kinds of refractory materials, including bauxite-base refractories, are described.     

Effect of Tundish Lining on Steel Cleanliness

To clarify the effect of the tundish lining on the steel cleanliness,the MgO based and Al2 O3 based gunning materials( GM) were used as the lining of the alumina crucibles,respectively,in which about 200 g of ultra-low carbon steel was charged at 1 823 K for 2 h in pure argon atmosphere. The chemical analysis was carried out to investigate the change of chemical composition of steel in contact with GM after high temperatures holding experiments. The steel cleanliness in terms of inclusion number density,inclusion size and inclusion size distribution was evaluated by SEM and EDS. It was found that the MgO GM provided more oxygen and showed a stronger oxidizing capacity due to its higher content of reducible oxides( 10. 5 mass% SiO2+ 2 mass%Fe2 O3). The use of Al2 O3 GM resulted in an improved steel cleanliness and consequently Al2 O3 GM could be a promising refractory material in the tundish lining.     

Roles and Progress of Refractories for Clean Steel Technology

This paper presents a general survey of roles and progress of fundamental and functional refractories applied in secondary steelmaking, tundish and mold metallurgy along with the evolution of clean steel technology,focusing on refractories that are to create clean environments, benefit cleanliness and productive efficiency for the clean steal production, in particular, reducing the total oxygen content and inclusion defects in steel. All that arguments have revealed in abundant that the interaction between ...     

Study on the stability of different refractories during the melting process of a K4169 Ni-based superalloy

The composition of the refractory strongly affects the cleanliness of the alloy. K4169 Ni-based superalloys were melted in different types of refractories in this study. The cleanliness of the Ni-based superalloy and phase transformation of the refractory were observed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM‒EDS). The high-temperature stabilities of a Y₂O₃-based refractory, MgO-based refractory, and Al₂O₃-based refractory during melting with a Ni-based alloy were compared. The oxygen content was also lowest, and no Y₂O₃-containing inclusions were observed in the Ni-based alloy melted with the Y₂O₃-based refractory at 1823 K. Inclusions with 21%–29% MgO and a phase composed of Al, Mg and O with an area of approximately 1300 μm² were observed in the alloy. This indicates that the dissolution and erosion of the Y₂O₃-based refractory were weak, and obvious physical erosion and chemical dissolution of the MgO-based refractory occurred during the melting process of the Ni-based alloy. The width of the refractory phase adhered to the boundary of the Ni-based alloy increased in the order Y₂O₃-based refractory (15 μm- 23 μm)< Al₂O₃-based refractory (93 μm- 285 μm)< MgO-based refractory (3.5 mm–3.6 mm), indicating that the adhesive strength of the MgO-based refractory with the Ni-based alloy was strongest. The interaction between the refractory material, Ni-based alloy and inclusions was analyzed based on thermodynamic calculations by Factsage software. The effects of dissolution of the three refractory types on the formation and transformation of the new phases and inclusions were estimated. The thermodynamic results were in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Testing strategies for corrosive interactions of ceramics with semi-solid and molten metal alloys

For the suitability assessment of ceramics or refractory materials for tools, crucibles or handling aids in metallurgy and metals processing, e.g., for thixoforming or rheocasting, besides properties such as wetting behaviour, wear resistance, thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance, mainly the corrosion behaviour against the processed alloy influences the service life of a tool material. This paper presents a testing strategy to characterise the corrosion properties.     

有色金属冶金领域中化工冶金研究所工作的回顾

回顾了化工冶金研究所40多年来在有色金属冶金领域,包括在难处理矿石的湿法冶金、复杂矿的提取与综合利用、溶剂萃取与分离、新型材料的研制与开发、有色金属冶金中的清洁工艺等方面取得的主要科研成果．讨论了化冶所在该领域的研究与发展前景．     

Refractory castables of the new generation in the production of cast iron and steel

The main fields of application of refractory castables (LCC) of the new generation in ferrous metallurgy are considered and classified in accordance with the content of CaO in them     

World Production of Steel and Magnesia Refractories: State of the Art and Trends of Development

The state of the art and the trends of development of the world production of steel, nonferrous metallurgy, and the cement industry -- the chief users of magnesia refractory materials -- are considered. A new generation of magnesia refractories developed for oxygen converters, electric furnaces, post-furnace and continuous steel-casting technologies, nonferrous metallurgy, and the cement industry provide conditions for environment-friendly, competitive, and effective applications in various branches of industry.     

The Phase Formation and Microstructure of Composites Based on 3Ti–Al with Addition of В<Subscript>4</Subscript>С Obtained by the Powder Metallurgy Method

Intermetallic alloys based on Ti₃Al with strengthening additives of refractory compounds and MAX phases of various compositions have been obtained by the powder metallurgy method. Their structure and microhardness were studied. Optimum conditions were determined (sintering temperature was 1400°C, sintering time was 1 h, B₄C additive was 15 wt %), which made it possible to obtain a composite material with the best mechanical properties.