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在Henry模型的基础上,作了一系列改进并对摩擦进行了修正,得到一均匀非平衡模型。该模型比Henry模型计算范围广,可计算初始饱和、欠热液体及进口含汽量不为零的直边入口、直通道、L/D〉12的临界流。 相似文献
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文章通过对静电加速器加速管的场形计算和粒子轨迹计算,提出了有效地抑制次级电子的“U”型光栏直场加速管,经过加速器中高压试验和γ射线能谱测量,证实了“U”光栏直场加速管所预期的性能。 相似文献
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两相临界流的两流体不平衡模型研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究的两流体不平衡模型,用来计算初始滞止状态为饱和或过冷流体通过通道的临界流量,模型中既考虑了两相之间的动力学不平衡,也考虑了相间热力学不平衡──温度差异。引入汽泡运动弛豫时间方程,结合两相质量守恒方程,动量守恒方程组成五方程模型。通过解汽泡在无限大介质中边界层非稳态导热问题,获得界面热负荷,井利用两相混合物能量方程,获得液相过热度,从而计算出蒸发速率。引用合适的经验关系式,计算界面摩擦切应力,壁面摩擦切应力。提出厂圆弧入口和直段入口两类边界条件的处理方法,设置异质汽核密度为可调参数,当其值取为2.5×l011时,在较阔的压力范围内,对不同的长径比L/D,预测结果和实验值符合较好。 相似文献
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为了提高堆芯蒙特卡罗精细输运计算模型(简称MC计算模型)的三维可视化分析效率,在充分调研目前MC计算模型三维可视化工具发展现状的基础上,通过对不同类型几何模型的特点,以及构造实体几何(CSG)模型的描述方法进行分析,提出了一种堆芯精细MC计算模型的自动三维可视化转换方法,并对可视化转换过程涉及到的CSG模型到边界描述(BREP)模型转换、BREP模型网格离散和CSG模型转换效率优化等关键技术进行了深入研究。测试结果表明,提出的MC计算模型自动三维可视化方法在功能和效率方面均能满足工程使用需求。 相似文献
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对国际上普遍采用的Synder人体头部模型进行修正,建立了有中国人解剖模型特征的几何模型和用于BNCT的人体头部MCNP计算模型,建立了一套用于BNCT治疗计划的软件。在软件模型的基础上分别计算了不同能量的中子进行治疗时的肿瘤及正常组织剂量分布,并对计算结果进行了分析。 相似文献
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精细化几何建模是高保真中子输运计算的重要基础,而非结构网格对复杂几何模型具有较强的适应性,能弥补结构网格建模能力的不足。为了提高屏蔽计算程序对复杂模型的建模能力,从一阶中子输运方程出发,建立了二维离散纵标-伽辽金有限元求解模型,对比分析了连续有限元和间断有限元方法的计算性能,进一步采用质量矩阵集总技术以提高求解模型的可靠性,并开发了相应的计算程序ThorSNIPE。选用BWR cell临界基准题、阿贡实验室5-A1固定源基准题和Dog leg duct基准题,验证ThorSNIPE程序的正确性。数值计算结果表明:ThorSNIPE程序的计算结果与基准值吻合较好,初步验证了程序的正确性,ThorSNIPE程序适用于复杂屏蔽计算分析;质量矩阵集总技术在不影响计算精度的情况下,能够有效抑制非物理振荡问题。 相似文献
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A general unified model is developed to predict one-component critical two-phase pipe flow. An extension of the Henry [Henry, R.E., 1970. The Two-Phase Critical Discharge of Initially Saturated or Subcooled Liquid. Nucl. Sci. Eng. 41, 336-342.] and Henry and Fauske [Henry, R.E., Fauske, H.K., 1970. The two-Phase critical Flow of One-Component Mixtures in Nozzles; Orifices and Short Tubes, ASME J. Heat Transfer, May 1970.] models to incorporate the effects of wall friction and the location of flashing inception is proposed. Modelling of the two-phase flow is accomplished by describing the evolution of the flow between the location of flashing inception and the exit (critical) plane. The model approximates the nonequilibrium phase change process via thermodynamic equilibrium paths. Included are the relative effects of varying the location of flashing inception, pipe geometry, fluid properties and length to diameter ratio. The model predicts that a range of critical mass fluxes exist and is bound by a maximum and minimum value for a given thermodynamic state. This range is more pronounced at lower subcooled stagnation states and can be attributed to the variation in the location of flashing inception. The model is based on the experimental study of critical two-phase flow rates of saturated and subcooled water through long tubes given in Part I of this work. In that study, the location of flashing inception was accurately controlled and adjusted through the use of a new device. The data obtained revealed that for fixed stagnation conditions, the maximum critical mass fluxes occurred with flashing inception located near the pipe exit; while minimum critical mass fluxes occurred with the flashing front located further upstream. The results of the present study, as well as available data since 1970 are compared with the model predictions. These data cover a wide range of conditions and include test section L/D ratios from 25 to 302 and a temperature and pressure range of 110-280°C and 0.16-6.9 Mpa, respectively. The predicted maximum and minimum critical mass fluxes show an excellent agreement with the range observed in the experimental data. 相似文献
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RELAP5/MOD2和CATHARE两相临界流模型的评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析和评价了2个程序中的两相临界流模型。指出RELAP5/MOD2在上游低欠热度或低含汽率条件下计算的临界流量偏低并不能反映几何尺寸(L/D)对临界流量的影响。CATHATE临界流模型较完善,它计算的临界流量与实验符合得很好。建议用非均匀热不平衡声速来修改RELAP5/MOD2的两相临界流判据,或者补充短喷管和孔板的临界流量实验关系式或实验数据,以改正RE-LAP5/MOD2的上述2个缺点。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(12):914-928
A new method was developed to predict critical powers for a wide variety of BWR fuel bundle designs. This method couples subchannel analysis with a liquid film flow model, instead of taking the conventional way which couples subchannel analysis with critical heat flux correlations. Flow and quality distributions in a bundle are estimated by the subchannel analysis. Using these distributions, film flow rates along fuel rods are then calculated with the film flow model. Dryout is assumed to occur where one of the film flows disappears. This method is expected to give much better adaptability to variations in geometry, heat flux, flow rate and quality distributions than the conventional methods. In order to verify the method, critical power data under BWR conditions were analyzed. Measured and calculated critical powers agreed to within ±7%. Furthermore critical power data for a tight-latticed bundle obtained by LeTourneau et al. were compared with critical powers calculated by the present method and two conventional methods, CISE correlation and subchannel analysis coupled with the CISE correlation. It was confirmed that the present method can predict critical powers more accurately than the conventional methods. 相似文献
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LBB泄漏率计算与热力学非平衡效应影响评估 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
裂纹泄漏率计算是破前漏(LBB)在核电站管道和设备上应用的基础。在Fauske模型基础上,整个裂纹内流体流动假设为等焓过程且充分考虑摩擦效应对裂纹临界泄漏率的影响,利用Mathcad计算得到了管道裂纹两相泄漏率,与已有文献中实验数据进行对比,将其发展成为可准确计算裂纹泄漏率的计算机程序。同时根据两相流动不平衡理论,对模型进行热力学不平衡参数影响修正。结果表明:随裂纹长径比(L/D)增大,两相泄漏率减小;随裂纹入口滞止压力增大,两相泄漏率增大;裂纹入口流体过冷度增大,两相泄漏率增大,数学模型计算结果与实验结果趋势一致,但忽略热力学非平衡效应,数学模型计算得到的临界流量小于实验流量。对于热力学不平衡参数修正后模型,模型计算得到的结果均与实验数据符合很好,故由修正后模型编制的Mathcad程序可完成裂纹泄漏率的准确计算,为LBB在核电站管道上的应用提供基础。 相似文献
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《Annals of Nuclear Energy》2005,32(9):913-924
This paper is a continuation of the present author’s previous publication dealing with a new choked flow model for two-phase flow. The model based on a hyperbolic one-dimensional two-fluid model, where in the momentum equations the terms representing the interfacial pressure difference has been included in lieu of the virtual mass force terms. The new choked flow model is an improvement upon the choked flow model of the current RELAP5/MOD3 code, which itself is based on the Trapp–Ransom method. The author compares the predictions of this improved model with Trapp–Ransom model and Henry–Fauske model, for an assumed flow in a vertical pipe. The author simulates a typical PWR system with a hypothetical SBLOCA as well, and compares the system behaviors predicted by RELAP5/MOD3, based on the aforementioned choked flow models. He shows that the improved choked flow model leads to better predictions. 相似文献
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研究两相流相间阻力特性对系统程序关键本构模型封闭具有重要意义。本文基于竖直圆管开展了空气-水两相流实验,采用四探头电导探针对空泡份额、气泡弦长和界面面积浓度等气泡参数的径向分布进行了测量。结果表明空泡份额和气泡弦长呈现“核峰型”分布,而界面面积浓度并没有表现出随流速的单调关系。进一步开发了泡状流和弹状流的相间曳力模型,考虑了液相表观流速与管径对气泡尺寸分布的影响,建立了临界韦伯数与不同液相流速的关系。计算得到的空泡份额和界面面积浓度与实验数据整体符合较好,验证了模型的可靠性,为两相流相间阻力特性研究提供参考意义。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(11):802-817
The objective of this study is the establishment of the thermo-hydrodynamic model of the reactor core during reflood phase of LOCA. Based on the quench model proposed by the author, and assuming a reflood model including a flow model and a set of the thermo-hydrodynamic correlations, a reflood analysis code named “REFLA-1D” was developed. Considerably close agreement between PWR-FLECHT tests and the results calculated by REFLA-1D code for the critical Weber number Wec= 1 was obtained for fuel clad temperature histories and the quench time and the quench temperature except for the quenching from the top of the fuel rod. It was found that the errors of calculated quench time and temperature are within ±20% under the following conditions: (1) pressure 4.5–1.5 kg/cm2·a or core inlet velocity 15–4.8 cm/s, (2) inlet subcooling more than 30°C. In the transition flow region, the calculated tendency of the temperature histories is different from the measured. This reflood model appears to be reasonable but some modifications on the low flooding quench model and the transition flow are necessary. 相似文献