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针对一台4G15缸内直喷汽油机试验研究了冷却水温、活塞初始位置、油轨内燃油压力等起动初始条件对反转直接起动模式实现的影响,并分析了在不同初始条件下膨胀缸和压缩缸控制参数的优化选取策略。研究结果表明:随着初始条件的变化,与之相匹配的优化控制参数也有所改变。燃油压力和冷却水温降低后,需采用较浓的混合气。冷却水温在70~80℃之间时有利于反转起动模式的实现,提高燃油压力同样也有利于反转起动模式的实现。为使反转直接起动模式成功实现,活塞初始位置需要控制在适当的范围内,当压缩缸活塞初始位置处于上止点后曲轴转角为-60°~70°之间时,在压缩缸和膨胀缸相继着火后可使发动机获得较大的正向转动速度,有利于提高起动响应性。 相似文献
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分析了不同起动位置下缸内直喷汽油机直接起动过程中起动缸的燃烧和排放性能,采用快速HC采集仪对起动缸缸内以及排气中的 HC 进行测量,研究起动缸缸内混合气浓度和排放性能,通过缸压和运动规律的研究确定优化后的喷射量和起动位置.研究结果表明,喷油量同缸内实际当量比呈线性关系,起动缸容积越小,喷射燃油的加浓比例越大.在保证着火可靠性不出现失火现象的前提下,增大燃油喷射量,使得起动缸内燃烧变差,HC 排放量增加;增大起动缸的容积,则起动性能及排放均有所改善,较为优化的起动缸位置为压缩上止点前70°~80°,CA. 相似文献
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在研制的单活塞式液压自由活塞柴油机上开展了控制参数影响特性、启动特性及运行特性等规律性试验.结果表明:改变压缩压力可以实现压缩比的控制,随着压缩压力的增大压缩比将增大;循环喷油量、喷油正时和排气门正时等参数对自由活塞发动机的膨胀行程、压缩比和下止点位置等具有决定作用;频率控制阀信号脉宽影响发动机的启动过程,脉宽较小时会导致活塞运动速度减慢甚至启动困难.对其特性的研究结果表明:活塞运动规律呈明显的非对称性,膨胀行程用时较压缩行程短;缸内燃烧过程呈近等容燃烧;液压输出能量受单向阀响应性影响会损失掉一部分高压能. 相似文献
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《燃烧科学与技术》2016,(4)
采用三维CFD数值仿真手段,对一台使用外开式喷油器的顶置气门式二冲程缸内直喷汽油机部分负荷工况下的扫气、压缩和混合气形成过程进行了研究,分析了不同喷油时刻对缸内燃油分布、燃油蒸发及撞壁的影响.研究表明,燃空当量比为1.0时,压缩冲程初、中期喷油,在缸内流场的作用下,压缩冲程末期火花塞附近难以形成适宜点火的混合气;燃空当量比为0.8时,压缩冲程后期喷油,在喷雾场和活塞运动的综合作用下,压缩冲程末期火花塞附近能够形成适宜点火的混合气.进一步的研究表明,在内部废气率为25%时,结合外开式喷油器良好的雾化性能,320,°CA及其之前喷油压缩冲程末期燃油蒸发率均能达到98%,. 相似文献
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液压自由活塞发动机活塞运动规律动态仿真研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
为研究液压自由活塞发动机(HFPE)的活塞运动特性,建立了液压自由活塞发动机动态仿真模型,针对循环供油量、喷油定时、气门正时、压缩压力、负载压力等主要控制变量对活塞运动情况的影响进行了规律性研究.结果表明:各控制变量的变化影响活塞受力的变化,进而使活塞的下止点位置和压缩比发生变化,并影响发动机的正常运转和性能;循环油量与活塞膨胀行程长度、压缩能量与压缩比均近似呈线性关系;HFPE循环工作是一个多参数耦合和能量重新分配的复杂过程;执行器滞后引入的正时控制误差将是影响控制精度的重要因素. 相似文献
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设计的发动机活塞位置全工况测量系统利用特定的二进制信号靶盘及光电传感器来突破传统磁电传感器频率响应下限,并设计活塞位置标定表和相应算法,满足了直喷汽油机瞬时反转直接起停系统对工况的拓展,可全工况实时监测发动机活塞位置、相位、正反转信号和转速.同时建立了直喷发动机停机试验台架,并在冷却水温度90,℃时进行无负载停机试验.结果表明,发动机停机行为遵循"正转-反转-再正转"的停机特征.经统计,反转幅度在65~75,°CA,反转最高转速达到70,r/min,之后的再次正转幅度在2~5,°CA,再次正转最高转速为40,r/min.发动机停机行为是活塞-连杆-曲轴-飞轮系统受摩擦和缸内所封住气体的影响,与周围环境构成停机剩余动能的耗散系统. 相似文献
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基于单缸机开展了多次喷射和阿特金森循环对汽油压燃(gasoline compression ignition,GCI)发动机性能影响的试验研究,试验分别研究了单次喷射、两次喷射及两次喷射结合阿特金森循环对GCI中高负荷性能的影响。结果表明,单次喷射中喷油压力、喷油时刻和喷油量对GCI燃烧有显著的影响,提高喷射压力可提高发动机的平均指示压力,降低循环波动,但喷油压力过高会导致燃烧对喷油时刻变化异常敏感,使燃烧难以正常进行;喷油量增加可提高发动机的平均指示压力,但过高的喷油量会导致不完全燃烧的燃油量增加,热效率下降。在两次喷射中,主喷时刻对燃烧起着决定性的影响。主喷时刻提前,发动机动力性有所提升,但压升率也随之增加;主喷时刻推迟,发动机动力性相应降低,同时循环波动增加。增加预喷量有利于发动机性能的提升,但预喷量过大会导致燃烧可控性降低。阿特金森循环能明显提升GCI热效率,其主要原因是减少了压缩行程的压缩负功,同时燃烧并未恶化,膨胀做功并未降低。 相似文献
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A cold‐start method and analysis for internal combustion engines particularly using a renewable fuel
A new cold‐start approach for internal combustion engines is described, which may be particularly suitable for an engine using an alternative fuel, such as ethanol or methanol. One of the cylinders in the engine may be equipped with a holding chamber in the cylinder head for the cold‐start purpose. The holding chamber may be opened or closed by a holding chamber valve to establish or block the fluid flow between the holding chamber and the cylinder space. The cold‐start procedure includes an intake stroke and a compression stroke, an expansion stroke that conserves the energy content of the earlier compressed charge without returning the compression work to the piston, and a subsequent recompression stroke to compress the charge to a much higher temperature. A thermodynamic analysis on the cold‐start process of a homogeneous charge internal combustion engine is undertaken, which includes the effect of fuel vaporization on the temperature change of the charge during the first compression stroke. It is found that the charge could be compressed effectively to a sufficiently higher temperature for ignition with pure ethanol as fuel. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(50):21552-21564
The in-cylinder hydrogen fuel injection method (diesel engine) induces air during the intake stroke and injects hydrogen gas directly into the cylinder during the compression stroke. Fundamentally, because hydrogen gas does not exist in the intake pipe, backfire, which is the most significant challenge to increasing the torque of the hydrogen port fuel injection engine, does not occur. In this study, using the gasoline fuel injector of a gasoline direct-injection engine for passenger vehicles, hydrogen fuel was injected at high pressures of 5 MPa and 7 MPa into the cylinder, and the effects of the fuel injection timing, including the injection pressure on the output performance and efficiency of the engine, were investigated. Strategies for maximizing engine output performance were analyzed.The fuel injection timing was retarded from before top dead center (BTDC) 350 crank angle degrees (CAD) toward top dead center (TDC). The minimum increase in the best torque ignition timing improved, and the efficiency and excess air ratio increased, resulting in an increase in torque and decrease in NOx emissions. However, the retardation of the fuel injection timing is limited by an increase in the in-cylinder pressure. By increasing the fuel injection pressure, the torque performance can be improved by further retarding the fuel injection timing or increasing the fuel injection period. The maximum torque of 142.7 Nm is achieved when burning under rich conditions at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. 相似文献
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采用一部分DME燃料在发动机进气管与空气预先混合形成均质混合气进入气缸,在压缩行程末期利用压燃式发动机的燃油喷射装置喷入柴油实现PCCI-DI燃烧,开展了不同参数对PCCI-DI发动机燃烧温度和压力影响的数值模拟研究。结果表明,随着供油提前角的提前和二甲醚预混比的增加,PCCI-DI发动机缸内的最高爆发压力和最高燃烧温度升高,涡流比和喷油器参数也对燃烧温度和压力有一定影响。 相似文献
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Combustion studies on both diesel fuel and vegetable oil fuels, with the standard and advanced injection timing, were carried out using the same engine and test procedures so that comparative assessments may be made. The diesel engine principle demands self-ignition of the fuel as it is injected at some degrees before top dead centre (BTDC) into the hot compressed cylinder gas. Longer delays between injection and ignition lead to unacceptable rates of pressure rise with the result of diesel knock because too much fuel is ready to take part in premixed combustion. Alternative fuels have been noted to exhibit longer delay periods and slower burning rate especially at low load operating conditions hence resulting in late combustion in the expansion stroke. Advanced injection timing is expected to compensate these effects. The engine has standard injection timing of 30°C BTDC. The injection was first advanced by 5.5°C given injection timing of 35.5°C BTDC. The engine performance was very erratic on this timing. The injection was then advanced by 3.5°C and the effects are presented in this paper. The engine performance was smooth especially at low load levels. The ignition delay was reduced through advanced injection but tended to incur a slight increase in fuel consumption. Moderate advanced injection timing is recommended for low speed operations. 相似文献
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通过AMESim软件建立了喷油速率可调的超高压共轨系统仿真模型,分析了相同喷油量条件下喷油率的变化特点。采用GT-Power软件建立单缸柴油机模型,将不同喷油率导入柴油机的燃烧计算模型,研究了不同喷油率对柴油机缸内压力、缸内温度、放热率、NO_x排放、碳烟排放及输出转矩和油耗率的影响。仿真结果表明:靴形喷油速率匹配合适的喷油提前角可优化柴油机的综合性能。搭建了超高压共轨柴油机台架,开展了不同喷油速率的喷射控制试验,结果表明:与相同油量条件下的高压共轨喷射相比,柴油机实施变喷油速率超高压喷射可获得更优异的动力性和燃油经济性,动力输出提高了5%,燃油消耗量下降了6%,碳烟排放降低,但NO_x排放升高。 相似文献
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不同喷射方法柴油机进气甲醇预混过程的模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用欧拉气相方程和拉格朗日液滴方程,考虑液滴破裂、蒸发、碰撞、聚合以及液滴的附壁、液膜剥离壁面和气门关闭挤出液膜等现象,建立了柴油机螺旋进气道-气门-气缸的进气喷射甲醇仿真模型.对柴油机进气喷射甲醇的醇气混合进行数值模拟,用于指导双燃料发动机的改造.双燃料发动机的台架试验表明,模型计算的缸内压力与试验值吻合较好.甲醇喷射时刻直接影响本次循环进入气缸的甲醇量,闭阀喷射有利于甲醇在进气过程的雾化混合.在选择甲醇喷射方向时,要以减小甲醇在低温壁面的附壁为原则.甲醇蒸气在气缸里的轴向质量分数分层比径向质量分数分层明显. 相似文献
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缸内直喷式汽油机燃用当量空燃比混合气的试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
缸内直接喷射式汽油机,要求部分负荷时在压缩过程后期喷入燃油,实现混合气分层燃烧,以获得好的经济性;在全负荷时,燃油在进气过程中喷入,采用化学计量比混合气,实现均质预混合燃烧,以保持汽油机升功率高和排放低的优点。本文将一台柴油机改装为缸内直接喷射汽油机,在试验台架上进行了高负荷时燃用当量空燃比混合气的试验研究,结果表明,与化油器式汽油机相比,高负荷时油耗降低了6%,未燃碳氢降低了31%,NOx排放降低了10%,取得了较为满意的结果。 相似文献