一种新型双频圆极化卫星导航天线的设计

提出了一种表面开槽并增加辐射边框的新型贴片天线. 采用HFSS软件仿真的结果显示,它的阻抗带宽和轴比带宽相比普通单贴片天线增大很多,而且具有良好的增益和双频带特性,其双频带可以覆盖GPS/GLONASS/GALILEO/北斗四大卫星系统的L1和L2频段. 因此,非常适合用于手持式精确导航终端,以取代两片结构的双频贴片天线.与其他双频圆极化贴片天线相比,此新型贴片天线具有频带宽、尺寸小且剖面低等突出优点,具有良好的应用前景.     

表面开十字形辐射槽的新型GNSS贴片天线的研究和应用

研究了一种表面开十字形辐射槽的新型贴片天线,并与同频率的一般贴片天线做性能对比,研究结果表明,此类新型贴片天线具有频带宽和形状小的突出优点.将其应用于一种精确测量型的GNSS双频天线设计,充分展宽了天线的阻抗带宽和轴比带宽,设计的天线可以接收全频段GNSS导航系统信号.采用HFSS软件仿真的结果显示,它的阻抗带宽、轴比带宽、增益和相位中心稳定性等性能参数都较好,并且表现出良好的圆极化性能和小型化效果,尤其适合于手持式精确导航终端,具有良好的应用前景.     

宽带高增益环形圆极化微带天线

为了展宽环形切缝微带天线的轴比带宽,设计了两款新型具有宽频带特性的单馈环形圆极化微带天线。通过在环形辐射贴片上开横向槽扰动贴片上的表面电流分布,激励两个幅度相等、相位相差90°的工作模式,实现圆极化波辐射。实验结果表明,圆形环和方形环圆极化天线的工作频段分别在3.74 ~ 3.98 GHz (轴比带宽约为6.2%)和3.80 ~ 4.04 GHz (轴比带宽约为6.1%)频段具有良好的圆极化特性,其轴比小于3 dB,且电压驻波比小于2。另外,在工作频段内,两款天线测试的峰值增益均大于10.0 dB。     

A Novel Stacked Array Antenna with Uni-planar Compact EBG Reflector

Most broadband microstrip antennae are implemented in the form of slot structure or laminate structure,which provide a broad impedance bandwidth and meanwhile bring large sidelobes and backlobes. A novel uni-planar compact electromagnetic band-gap( EBG) structure is proposed, which shows excellent performance when applied to broadband stacked or aperture coupled microstrip array antennae. The test results indicate that,the directivity is effectively improved,and the front-to-back ratio is increased,and the thickness of the antenna is reduced. These improvements make this structure better used in airborne antennae.     

Wideband Polarization Reconfigurable Dielectric Resonator Antenna

A wideband polarization reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna excited by quasilumped quadrature coupler (QLQC) is proposed.By adjusting the value of varactor diode on the QLQC feed network,both the wideband LP and CP dielectric resonator antennas (DRA) modes can be achieved.By selecting a different feed port,left-and right-handed CP conversion can be realized.It is found that the 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the LP and CP modes are 10.1％ and 44.9％,respectively.For the CP mode,a very wide 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 37.7％ can be obtained which is much larger than that of the microstrip patch counterpart (3.8％).It is worth mentioning that the wideband CP DRA has a stable broadside radiation pattern across the whole operating band where the boresight gain is larger than 3 dBi.     

Novel dual circular polarization planar microstrip slot antenna

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, how to use an antenna to realize the function of multiple antennas has become a hot research topic. The double circularly polarized antenna studied in this paper can achieve right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization in the same frequency band by using a circular annular groove and two orthogonal L-shaped feed lines in the ground plane. At the same time, properly grooving at the center of the ground plane and adding parasitic elements to the front of the L-shaped feed line can change the current on the surface of the feed line and in the ground plane, thereby improving the circular polarization performance of the antenna. Measurement and simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is about 59% (3.13~5.75GHz), and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is about 40.5% (3.23~4.87GHz). Also, the isolation between the two ports is higher than 10dB. The results show that the designed antenna has a good performance in both impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth.     

共面波导宽频带微带缝隙天线的设计与分析

为了扩展微带的天线频宽,减小微带天线尺寸,扩大其在小型化宽频带通信系统的应用,提出一种改进的基于共面波导(CPW)的宽频带微带缝隙天线.采用较低介电常数(εr=2.2)和厚度薄(h=0.8 mm)的材料作为微带天线基板,使得天线尺寸缩减了30%.利用CST Microwave Studio仿真软件对其进行仿真,得出输入反射系数曲线S11和辐射方向图,其中心工作频率为3.52 GHz,获得52%的阻抗带宽(S11<-10 dB),频率范围是3.07～4.11 GHz,频带得到展宽.根据对影响天线性能的主要物理参数进行仿真、分析和优化,得到理想天线尺寸.实验结果表明,共面波导宽频带微带缝隙天线比传统微带贴片天线性能有了较大的提高,采用共面波导馈电是可行性和有效性的.     

一种微型WLAN贴片天线的设计

针对微小型无线设备的无线局域网天线,在20 mm×20 mm的FR4介质基板上设计了一款5 mm×5 mm的微型贴片天线. 该天线的正面除了有U形辐射结构外,还添加了一端接地一端开路的2条一字形加载单元;天线反面的结构为正面加载单元的镜像,采用正面微带馈电方式. 实验结果显示,天线在2.4~2.483 5 GHz频带内具有良好的辐射特性,其电压驻波比能满足工程应用的需求,具有结构简单、紧凑,成本低且便于与有源电路集成的优点.     

一种半U型开槽叠层宽带微带天线的设计

为了扩展微带天线频宽,缩减微带天线尺寸,更多的在宽频带小型化的环境中应用,利用多层技术、缝隙耦合技术,根据对称性原理,在辐射贴片和寄生贴片上分别开半U型槽缝,提出了一种新颖的半U型开缝叠层宽带微带天线.这种天线增益较高,方向性较好,阻抗带宽达到20.8%,其平面尺寸相比传统的U型开缝叠层天线缩减了50%,在小型化上做出了尝试.因为天线结构紧凑,单元之间的互耦效应小,所以十分适合组阵.最后仿真并加工制作了4单元子阵,实测效果令人满意.     

基于分形的小型化宽频带微带天线设计

结合分形理论的优点,仿真设计了2种基于分形技术的微带天线。这2种天线均采用正六边形分形迭代结构,分别使用微带线和共面波导馈电。通过数值仿真,对天线的阻抗特性和方向图进行了研究,结果表明这2种分形天线的阻抗带宽均达到了90％左右,并且在整个工作频段内具有良好的辐射方向性。同时分形结构的引入,实现了天线的小型化。     

利用高阻抗表面缩减天线雷达截面的新方法

针对现有雷达截面(RCS)减缩技术会导致天线辐射性能退化,体积、重量和成本增加,减缩性能受安装精度影响而不稳定的缺点,提出了一种缩减天线RCS的新方法．将高阻抗表面(HIS)与天线制作于介质板的同一表面,使HIS的同相反射相位带隙的频率与天线工作频率重合,通过高阻抗表面与天线的散射场的对消来减小天线的雷达散射截面,从而实现对垂直照射的天线工作频带内的同极化威胁雷达波的隐身．实验结果表明: 在天线工作频带内,其RCS得到了5.3dB以上的减缩,同时,带外RCS亦得到了有效的抑制,S₁₁的-10dB并未展宽,天线间的互耦得到了有效抑制．     

一种双圆极化宽带天线及其阵列应用

该文设计了一种双圆极化宽带天线单元,并在此基础上实现了小型阵列天线。单元天线为层叠型微带天线,其辐射贴片的四周寄生了环形金属带和金属柱以拓展波束宽度。另外,为了满足双圆极化要求和拓展天线带宽,天线采用电桥进行馈电。天线单元的10 dB阻抗带宽为26.9%(1.8～2.36 GHz),3 dB轴比带宽为19.3%(1.92～2.33 GHz),方向图半功率波束宽度大于110°。对非规则的五单元面阵进行了研究。测试结果表明,该天线阵的合成增益高于11.5 dBi,±55°扫描增益高于9 dBi,仿真和实验结果一致性较高,为宽带卫星通信的应用奠定了基础。     

大型阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的求解及应用

通过公式推导,给出阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵与辐射场之间关系的解析表达式,进而提出一种运用仿真软件HFSS来求解阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的方法．运用小型阵列的阻抗矩阵来等效大型阵列的阻抗矩阵,将其代入推导所得表达式,实现了大型阵列辐射场的精确计算．基于此辐射场的计算方法,运用遗传算法通过优化各单元的馈电幅度和相位来进行大型阵列方向图的精确综合．以16元微带贴片直线阵列天线为例来对该综合方法的有效性进行评估．实验结果表明,优化后,在精确实现-25°~25°范围内主波束扫描的同时,最大副瓣电平都控制在-18.24dB以下; 与均匀阵相比,其半功率波瓣宽度均未展宽,增益损失小于0.85dB; 计算结果与HFSS仿真结果基本一致．     

High-Gain and Low-RCS Patch Antenna Array Based on Slot-EBG Structure

A novel low radar cross-section (RCS) and high gain patch antenna array is proposed. A pair of slots introduced on the mushroom electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) patch realize polarization-dependency and act as parasitic radiation to enhance the antenna gain. A chessboard-like configuration composed of slot-EBG blocks is further equipped on the antenna array for scattering cancellation. Optimizing the layout pattern enables the designing of a high-gain and low-RCS antenna array using the slot-EBGs. Full-wave simulations validate that a front gain enhancement of more than 2.5.dB in the operating frequency band and low-RCS in a broad frequency band for normal incidence are obtained by the proposed antenna array.     

Design of dual-band shared-aperture circularly polarized antenna with a wide beam for aircraft platforms

Most of published shared-antennas focus mainly on the characteristics of multi-band and multi-polarization, that is, a high profile and a complex structure. A dual-band circularly polarized shared-antenna is presented with a simple structure and wide beam coverage. Firstly, to reduce the size and weight, the shared-aperture antenna is applied for the quad-operating frequencies (UHF1/UHF2/S1/S2) with a stacked microstrip patch antenna and high dielectric constant substrates. All the quad-operating bands can be freely tuned by changing the lengths of patches. Secondly, the substrate with a high dielectric constant is added on the patch to improve the gain of the antenna in the low elevation direction, broadening the antenna beam. Next, to obtain the quad-band circularly polarization (CP) radiation pattern, the feeding structure with the broadband phase shifter is also designed. Finally, the proposed antenna prototype is fabricated and measured. Its measured impedance bandwidth, axial ratio and radiation pattern are in good agreement with simulation results. The proposed antenna has already been applied to a special airborne communication system. Additionally, the antenna synthesis method may be further extended to realize the shared-aperture circularly polarized antenna with more than two bands.     

一种小型化宽带高增益Metamaterial贴片天线

利用Metamaterial概念,通过在天线贴片和接地面上分别蚀刻周期互补开裂环和条形缝隙图案,设计制作了一种小型化宽带高增益贴片天线．相比初始天线,新天线谐振中心频率降低了36.4%,带宽从2.9%扩展到39.9%,并且有低的电压驻波比．实验结果与仿真结果有较好的一致性．同时由于Metamaterial结构的左手特性影响了天线介质基底的等效媒质参数,这导致天线辐射场主要集中在水平方向而不是传统贴片天线的垂直方向．     

宽带重叠微带贴片天线的分析与设计

分析和设计了一种宽频带微带贴片天线应用全波分析法（ＦＷＡＭ）研究表明，双层重叠微带贴片天线（ＳＭＤＰＡ）具有比普通单贴片微带天线宽得多的带宽利用离散复镜像理论（ＤＣＩＴ）精确计算了所涉及的索末菲积分（ＳＩ），其速度比数值积分法（ＮＩＭ）快数百倍通过改进ＳＭＤＰＡ的馈电结构，使其带宽在ｓ≤２时展宽至２２％以上最后，设计了匹配网络，从而使其带宽在ｓ≤１５时达到约２５％     

Efficient Soft-Decision Maximum-Likelihood Decoding of BCH Code in the GNSS

Soft-decision decoding of BCH code in the global navigation satellite system( GNSS) is investigated in order to improve the performance of traditional hard-decision decoding. Using the nice structural properties of BCH code,a soft-decision decoding scheme is proposed. It is theoretically shown that the proposed scheme exactly performs maximum-likelihood( ML) decoding,which means the decoding performance is optimal. Moreover,an efficient implementation method of the proposed scheme is designed based on Viterbi algorithm. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed soft-decision ML decoding scheme is significantly improved compared with the traditional hard-decision decoding method at the expense of moderate complexity increase.     

一种抑制同步开关噪声的微波光子晶体结构

为了确保抑制高速电路中同步开关噪声(SSN)的微波光子晶体(EBG)结构在兼顾带隙特性的同时,还具有良好的信号完整性,采用枝条绕转单元贴片的方法设计出一种新型EBG结构。利用HFSS软件对新型EBG结构抑制SSN的特性进行建模仿真,并制备刻蚀有新型EBG结构的4层印制电路板,用安捷伦矢量网络分析仪对其禁带特性进行测试,实验结果与仿真结果吻合良好。通过眼图对新型EBG结构进行的仿真分析显示,新结构的信号完整性良好。     

应用于卫星导航系统的微带天线设计

该文主要设计一款单馈电的小型圆极化微带天线。通过对天线圆形贴片对称开槽,以及对贴片的边进行切角处理和在中心处开孔等方式,天线获得良好的圆极化性能并实现小型化。该文利用电磁仿真软件HFSS对天线进行优化设计,并进行了相应的实物制作和测试。实验结果表明：该天线工作中心频率为2.49GHz,天线-20dB回波损耗带宽70MHz,圆极化3dB轴比带宽为30MHz,天线增益3.4dB,天线可应用于中国北斗卫星定位接收系统。