EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL FLOODING ON WATER QUALITY OF A FLOODPLAIN BACKWATER

Seasonal flooding of riverine backwaters is important in maintaining diverse aquatic habitats, but anthropogenic impacts have reduced the frequency and duration of such flooding. This study, conducted in a 2.5‐km‐long shallow floodplain severed meander backwater adjacent to the Coldwater River in Tunica County, Mississippi, USA, compared water quality during a late summer 30‐day artificial flooding period with 28‐day pre‐flood and 26‐day post‐flood periods. Flooding was simulated by pumping 0.22 to 0.35 m³ s^?1 from the river into the upstream portion of the backwater. In situ parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and fluorescent chlorophyll) were measured every 30 min at one site within the backwater. Solids (dissolved and suspended) and nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) were measured at three sites in the backwater and in the river every 3 to 5 days. Decreases in the amplitude of temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH diel cycles within the backwater were observed during flooding. Changes in patterns of solids and nutrients were also associated with flooding. Complex patterns in phosphorus and nitrogen emerged as a result of utilization by autotrophs (measured as chlorophyll) and seasonal changes. Artificial flooding in a shallow floodplain water body stabilized and improved water quality for aquatic biota and is a viable method for habitat rehabilitation in these systems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三峡工程对库区水流水质影响预测

利用开发的三峡水库整体一维水流水质数学模型，对三峡水库建成前后的水流水质变化趋势进行预测分析。重点介绍三峡工程建成后，库区水流条件巨大变化对污染物输移转化特性和水质分布的影响。预测结果表明，三峡工程建成后，三斗坪水位175m条件下，回水区断面平均流速比建库前减小4倍左右，平均有机污染物自净降解速率和大气复氧速率比天然河道状况减小1倍。由于污染物在库区滞留时间成倍延长，有机污染物排入水库后的自净降解总量较天然河道状况增大，因而，建库后加水区内断面平均有机污染物浓度较天然河道状况明显下降，但是，断面平均溶解氧浓度与天然河道状况相比也明显降低，对于守恒类污染物，建库前后水质变化不大。因此，三峡工程对库区水质影响有利也有弊。     

水文部门水质监测站(点)设置的几点思考

对水文部门水质监测站(点)的设置提出了几点思考．     

WATER QUALITY MODELING OF SUZHOU CREEK

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮ1 .1　ＴｈｅｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄＴｈｅｒｉｖｅｒｓｉｎＳｈａｎｇｈａｉｗｅｒｅｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｌｙｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄ ,ｓｏｔｈｅｍｕｎｉｃｉｐａｌｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｄｅｃｉｄｅｄｔｏｓｔａｒｔａｈｕｇｅｐｒｏｊｅｃ     

ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS OF WATER QUALITY IN BOREAL RIVERS BASED ON PARTITIONING METHODS

Quantitative studies of the relationships between river water quality and environmental variables are needed to improve understanding of the impacts of natural and human factors on aquatic environments. However, multicollinearity between environmental variables can hinder the identification of key factors when water quality–environment relationship is studied using traditional regression methods. This study utilized two alternative statistical methods, variation and hierarchical partitioning, to address these difficulties in studies of river water quality. Using these methods, we explored the effects of catchment physiography, climate and land use variables on total phosphorus and nitrogen, pH, water colour and dissolved oxygen during the years 1995–2005 in 32 boreal rivers in Finland. Catchment physiography and land use explained most of the variation in water quality, especially in phosphorus, nitrogen and water colour data. The strong correlations (r_s > 0.8) between agricultural land use and phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations indicate that water quality is highly affected by agriculture in boreal regions. By determining the environmental drivers of different water quality variables, we can estimate the water quality of different catchments in response to environmental changes and identify areas that are sensitive to global changes. Our study shows that novel statistical methods integrated with geographic information system data and techniques provide deeper insights into water quality–environment relationships than traditional regression, and these should be considered when developing, for example, conservation planning for rivers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

农村饮水安全的水质问题浅析

通过对农村饮水安全执行标准、水质特点、现状及监测体系的介绍,说明农村饮水安全的艰巨性和复杂性,以引起相关部门对农村饮水安全工程的高度重视,进一步加强对农村饮水安全水质的监督管理力度,确保农村饮水安全工程的顺利进行.     

江河水体自净能力及其水质保护措施

利用生化需氧量和溶解氧的质量平衡方程，分析江河水体自净能力的有限性，并提出接近水体自净作用形态的水质保护措施。     

TARGET ANALYSIS OF SUZHOU CREEK REHABILITATION PROJECT STAGE II: BASED ON WATER QUALITY MODEL

1 .　INTRODUCTIONTheSuzhouCreekisamaintributaryoftheHuangpuRiver .ItislocatedinthedeltaoftheYangtseRiver,originatingfromGuajingkouoftheTaihuLake ,thenpassingSuzhouCityofJiang suProvince ,crossingthecentralareaofShanghaiCity ,andfinallypouringintotheHuangpuRiveratWaibaidu .Itis 12 5kmlong ,5 3.1kminShang haiCity .Theaveragewidthis 70m 80mathigh tidetime .Theaverageflowis 6 .0m3/s ,andabout4 0 % 6 0 %isthesewagefromriverside .Theflowiscontrolledbytide ,andthewatervelocityisverylow…     

抚河流域水环境质量模糊聚类分析

采用模糊聚类分析方法,选取了抚河11个水质监测断面数据分析,对抚河水质进行分类.     

江西省不同水期地表水水质变化规律探讨

根据1997～2000年的水质监测成果资料进行统计分析，对江西省不同水期地表水水质变化规律进行了探讨，得出了全省地表水水质在年内间，年际间的变化规律，并对有关影响因素进行了研究。     

A NUMERICAL MODEL OF FLOW FIELD AND WATER QUALITY FOR TIDAL REGIONS BASED ON TRIANGULAR MESHES

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＵｐｔｏｎｏｗ ,ｔｈｅｒｅｐｏｒｔｓｆｏｒｓｏｌｖｉｎｇ 2Ｄｄｅｐｔｈ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｆｌｏｗａｎｄｍａｓｓｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｉｎｔｉｄａｌｒｅｇｉｏｎｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｉｎｌａｒｇｅｎｕｍ ｂｅｒｓ .ＦｒｏｍｔｈｅｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇｏｆＹａｎｅｎｋｏ[1] .ＴｈｅＦｉ ｎｉｔｅＤｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅＭｅｔｈｏｄ (ＦＤＭ )ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｂｙＦａｌｃｏｎｅｒ[2 ] ,ＶｉｎｃｅｎｚＣａｓｕｌｌｉ[3,5] ,ＨｅＳｈ…     

RESEARCH ON HYDRODYNAMIC AND WATER QUALITY MODEL FOR TIDAL RIVER NETWORKS

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＰｌａｉｎｒｉｖｅｒｎｅｔｗｏｒｋａｒｅａｉｓａｌｗａｙｓｔｈｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｌｏｗｅｒｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ,ｈｉｇｈｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｃｉｔｉｅｓａｎｄｌａｒｇｅｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙｏｆｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ,ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｓｏｍａｎｙｌａｋｅｓ,ｒｉｖｅｒｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓ.Ｔｈｉｓｋｉｎｄｏｆａｒｅａｉｓｓｔｒｏｎｇｌｙｉｎｆｌｕ ｅｎｃｅｄｂｙｔｉｄａｌ,ａｎｄｆｌｏｏｄｏｃｃｕｒｓｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ .Ｈｙｄｒｏｄｙ ｎａｍｉｃｓｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｉｄａｌ…     

地面水水质的模糊综合评价

本文根据模糊数学方法和地面水环境质量标准建立了地面水水质综合评判模型，并给出了十种污染因素隶属函数表达式．通过对渭河五个段面水体样本的综合评判，说明了模糊综合评价方法及本文建立的隶属函数的合理性和可靠性，它们对于环境管理具有实际意义。     

THREE－DIMENSIONAL MODELLING OF HYDRODYNAMICS AND WATER QUALITY IN COASTAL WATERS

ＴＨＲＥＥ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬＭＯＤＥＬＬＩＮＧＯＦＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＡＮＤＷＡＴＥＲＱＵＡＬＩＴＹＩＮＣＯＡＳＴＡＬＷＡＴＥＲＳ￥ＳｈｅｎＹｏｎｇ－ｍｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＤａｌｉａｎＵｎｉｖ...     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF WATER QUANTITY AND QUALITY FOR RIVER-TYPE RESERVOIRS

ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＡＴＥＲＱＵＡＮＴＩＴＹＡＮＤＱＵＡＬＩＴＹＦＯＲＲＩＶＥＲ－ＴＹＰＥＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲＳＷａｎｇＨｕｉ－ｍｉｎ（ＨｏｈａｉＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１００９８，Ｐ．Ｒ．Ｃｈｉｎａ）（Ｒｅｃｅｉ...     

赣江水质现状及污染特征分析

依据江西省最大流－－赣江近3年39个断面水质监测结果，对其水质现状、主要污染因子及污染变化特征进行了较为系统全面的分析。     

DEVELOPMENT OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMIC AND WATER QUALITY MODEL FOR HUANGPU RIVER

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＨｕａｎｇｐｕＲｉｖｅｒ,ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｔｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＴａｉｈｕ ,ｒｕｎｓａｃｒｏｓｓＳｈａｎｇｈａｉａｎｄｆｅｅｄｓｉｎｔｏＹａｎｇｔｚｅＲｉｖｅｒａｔＷｕｓｏｎｇｋｏｕ .Ｉｔｉｓａｔｉｄａｌｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｉｎｇｒｉｖｅｒｗｉｔｈｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ 5 0ｔｒｉｂｕｔａｒｉｅｓａｍｏｎｇｗｈｉｃｈｓｏｍｅｍａｊｏｒｔｒｉｂｕ ｔａｒｉｅｓａｒｅｓｈｏｗｎｉｎＦｉｇ .1 .Ｆｉｇ .1　ＤｅｐｉｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＨｕａｎｇｐｕＲｉｖｅｒｗａｔｅｒｓｈｅｄＮｏｗａｄａｙｓｔｈ…     

ON BASIC EQUATIONS OF WATER HAMMER

ＯＮＢＡＳＩＣＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＷＡＴＥＲＨＡＭＭＥＲ￥ＹａｎｇＪｉａｎ－ｄｏｎｇ，ＷｕＲｏｎｇ－ｑｉａｏ（ＷｕｈａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＨｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃａｎｄＥｌｅｃｔｒｉｃＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｗｕｈａｎ４３００７２，Ｐ．Ｒ．Ｃｈｉｎ...