一种新型自适应环境光照的车牌定位算法

为解决在不同光照环境下车牌的适应性定位问题,同时解决基于颜色定位的方法普遍存在的车身颜色与车牌颜色相近,以至于难以区分的问题,分析了不同光照下的车牌图像在HSV空间的分布特性与图像亮度等参数关系,结合车牌的混色分布特点、RGB与HSV空间变量转换关系,提出了一种可直接对RGB空间进行处理、能适应光照环境的快速车牌定位算法;实验结果表明,提出的定位算法对光照不足、环境光不均匀等复杂条件下获取的蓝白车牌图像具有很高的定位可靠性。     

基于嵌入式Linux和OpenCV的车牌定位方法

针对光照不均匀图像中的车牌定位问题,提出一种基于嵌入式Linux和OpenCV的车牌定位方法。根据车牌特征,分别在HSV和RGB颜色空间对原始图像做直方图均衡化、二值化等预处理,得到两幅二值图像;根据字符跳变规律,在HSV颜色空间得到的二值图像中定位含有车牌的候选区域,在RGB颜色空间得到的二值图像中逐个提取候选区域并进一步确定车牌边界,从而提取车牌。实验结果表明,该方法能够对复杂背景和光照不均匀时的车牌图像做准确定位,在抗干扰性和灵活性两个方面性能均有显著提高,具有一定实用价值。     

基于OpenCV的车牌定位方法

提出一种基于开源视觉库OpenCV从复杂环境中准确定位车牌的方法.利用车牌的颜色特征,将原图像分别在HSV颜色空间和RGB颜色空间下处理得到两幅二值图像;根据这两幅二值图像的纹理特点,在HSV颜色空间下得到的二值图像定位出车牌的上下边界,再按照定位出的上下边界坐标从RGB颜色空间下的二值图像上水平切割出车牌区域;根据车牌的几何特征,从切割出的水平区域中得到精确的车牌区域.实验结果表明,该方法能够快速、准确定位出车牌,还具有很强的抗干扰性.     

基于HSV颜色空间的车牌定位方法

文章提出了一种基于HSV颜色空间的车牌定位方法.首先把输入的RGB彩色图像转化到HSV颜色空间,利用车牌区域的固定底色特征,构造出5级灰度图,然后采用形态学平滑方法对车牌图像进行消噪,最后利用车牌区域的纹理特征准确地定位出车牌.实验结果表明该方法效果较好.     

基于车牌色彩变化特征的车牌定位方法

针对复杂背景下的车牌定位问题,提出了一种基于车牌色彩变化特征的车牌定位方法。该定位方法将RGB彩色空间中的车牌图像转换到HSV彩色空间中进行颜色识别,分割出车牌底色及字符颜色相对应的颜色区域,同时通过边缘提取、二值化处理、与运算找到对应颜色边缘特征点,最后经纹理分析来定位车牌。     

基于像素分类的彩色车牌定位

车牌定位是车牌识别系统中的首要问题,车牌定位准确与否对整个系统的性能起着至关重要的作用.针对车牌定位困难,文章介绍了一种基于像素分类的车牌定位方法,该方法先利用车牌像素颜色RGB值不同,对像素分类,然后分析统计像素,确定车牌区域.实验表明,该方法定位准确率高,适用于任意背景、位置和光照下的车牌定位.     

基于颜色空间和投影技术的车牌定位

车牌定位是车牌识别系统的核心技术之一.本文采用基于色调H、饱和度S、强度Ⅰ空间(HSI颜色空间)和亮度Y、色彩U、饱和度V空间(YUV颜色空间)的车牌初定位方法,去噪处理后通过水平投影和垂直投影精定位,并用Radon变换校正倾斜的车牌.该算法可有效定位四种不同底色的车牌并倾斜校正,算法简单易实现,并能克服光照等因素影响,在阴天、雨天等复杂环境下具有较好的定位效果.     

基于色差的车牌快速定位算法研究

针对现有车牌定位算法的抗干扰能力弱和速度较慢问题,提出基于色差的车牌快速定位算法。设计了提取蓝色、黄色和白色像素点的色差公式,将车辆RGB图像转换到色差空间。利用迭代法对色差图像进行阈值分割得到二值图像,并利用形态学处理和标记连通域,最后结合车牌长宽比特征去除干扰定位车牌。对实际车辆视频定位处理结果表明,提出的算法可以实现白天和夜晚蓝牌车和黄牌车的车牌准确定位,定位准确率分别达到95.1%和92.5%,定位平均耗时0.026 s,优于传统的基于HSV、HIS和YUV车牌定位算法。处理结果表明该定位算法可在实际普通道路交通中实现实时准确定位。     

一种RGB颜色空间中的车牌定位新方法

车牌定位是车牌自动识别系统的关键。为了快速准确地进行车牌定位,提出了一种新的RGB颜色空间的车牌定位方法,该方法包括颜色特征提取、特征图像的二值化、形态学连通去噪、车牌候选区域检验4个步骤,同时针对传统颜色特征提取对光照变化敏感的问题,提出了一种不包含亮度信息的颜色特征提取方法;对于车牌候选区域的检验摒弃了常用的易受图像尺寸及图像分辨率影响的区域面积、宽高比、矩形度等几何特征,而是采用车牌字符数及字符排列的规则度作为判定的依据,并由此设计了一种车牌字符规则度的计算方法,用来检验车牌候选区域。通过对包含不同尺寸、不同光照条件的605幅图像进行车牌定位的实验表明,成功率超过96%,可见该颜色特征提取方法对光照变化不敏感,该车牌检验方法可适用于各种不同尺寸图像的车牌定位。     

字符边缘颜色与逻辑在车牌定位中的应用研究

针对复杂背景下的车牌定位问题,提出了一种基于字符边缘颜色与逻辑的快速车牌定位方法。该定位方法将RGB彩色空间中的车牌图像,转换到HSV彩色空间中。根据像素点颜色进行二值化,得字符边缘颜色像素区,同时通过逻辑与,确定图像字符颜色边缘点,最后经纹理分析来定位车牌,解决了目前常用流行算法所不能处理的定位问题。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。