基于变换域的OFDM信道估计算法分析

首先对目前OFDM系统中常用的信道估计算法进行了介绍,其次对离散采样信道做出说明,并以此为基础,着重分析传统的基于离散傅里叶变换的信道估计滤波算法,即对接收导频LS(最小二乘)算法估计,通过IDFT转换到时域滤波后,由DFT转换到频域获取信道系数.最后给出了一种基于变换域滤波估计算法.由理论分析和工程实践平台中的仿真验证得出,基于提出的滤波矩阵,此DFT变换域算法性能较传统的DFT滤波方法有较大提升.     

OFDM系统中多导频的FFT信道估计算法

论文提出了OFDM系统中基于FFT的信道估计方法,包括基于时域插值及变换域插值方法。时域插值算法的理论基础是利用FFT频域采样定理,可由频域有限频点的采样值经过IFFT／FFT得到整个频域传输函数的估计值,而不发生混叠。变换域插值算法的理论基础是利用FFT时域抽样定理,利用OFDM信号特点和信道特性,经过FFT／IFFT将信号和噪声分离,并在此基础上进行加窗改进算法,以减小插值中的频谱泄漏,提高估计效果。仿真结果说明,加窗的基于FFT变换域的方法性能有了很大改善。     

OFDM系统中基于局部离散余弦变换的信道估计

论述了一种新的基于局部离散余弦变换(LDCT, local discrete cosine transform)的正交频分复用(OFDM, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)系统信道估计方法.与传统的离散傅里叶变换(DFT)和离散余弦变换(DCT)不同,LDCT基函数具有良好的时域能量集中特性,可迅速捕获信号中的时变成分,有效跟踪信号时频结构的变化,有效地抑制符号间干扰(ISI)和信道加性高斯白噪声.仿真结果表明,该方法优于基于DFT和基于DCT的信道估计,是一种可行而且有效的信道估计方法.     

OFDM系统中时变信道下信道估计方法的研究

为减少OFDM系统中子信道间干扰(ICI)的影响,分析了分段频域均衡方法、近似分段线性的相邻符号ICI消除方法和卡尔曼滤波方法等几种快衰落环境下的信道估计方法的优劣,在此基础上提出了一种基于梳状导频的卡尔曼滤波信道估计方法.对滤波的结果,利用信道的频域相关函数和估计误差的协方差矩阵,在频域进行最小均方误差意义上的优化.仿真结果表明,该方法具有良好的估计性能.     

MIMO-OFDM系统中一种新的联合迭代信道估计与符号检测算法

该文提出了一种MIMO-OFDM系统中基于MMSE准则的联合迭代信道估计和符号检测算法。联合迭代算法的性能取决于初始信道估计器的精度和迭代算法。首先提出了一种基于时频变换(TFT)的信道估计算法;其次提出了利用初始信道估计值与检测符号在MMSE准则下进行联合迭代信道估计和符号检测的算法。分析和仿真结果显示,在准静态和快时变信道条件下,新的联合迭代信道估计和符号检测算法有效地提高了系统性能。     

脉冲超宽带(UWB)跳时系统的频域信道估计

提出一种基于序列和的最大似然(ML)频域信道估计算法,该算法可适用于对跳时UWB通信系统进行基于训练序列的信道估计和盲信道估计,大大简化了运算的复杂性。在仿真中比较了基于理想信道估计、基于一般的频域信道估计以及基于序列和的ML频域信道估计的性能。结果显示,在频域的估计过程中,对发射信号的频谱设定适当的可信门限后,可以获得与直接进行频域信道估计相似的性能。     

WCDMA中一种新的信道估计方法

本文介绍了第三代移动通信标准WCDMA(FDD)中基于时分复用的导引符号辅助瑞利衰落信道下的信道估计.提出了一种新的利用两个连续时隙的导引符号估计出的信道参数进行最小二乘意义下二次曲线内插的信道参数估计方法.仿真表明本方法能有效地估计出时隙中数据段的信道参数,尤其在高速及变速运动情况下,Rake接收机的性能得到了显著的改善.     

基于RLS的MIMO OFDM自适应信道估计

依据最小均方误差准则提出了基于多相正交序列循环移位和基于重复相位旋转Chu两种训练序列设计方法,并给出了相应的最小二乘(RLS)自适应信道估计算法。首先用简单的LS算法对信道进行初步估计,然后采用RLS算法进行自适应滤波器提高信道估计的性能,最后,将滤波后得到的时域信道估计经过FFT变换为频域信道响应,并对OFDM数据符号进行频域均衡。与传统单一的信道估计技术相比,该方法具有较低的复杂度和较好的估计性能,仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。     

NGB-W广播信道估计实现算法设计

针对下一代广播电视网无线系统(NGB-W)广播接收信道估计,提出了一种基于二次一维维纳滤波的信道估计实用算法.该算法实时估计信道多普勒频偏、时延扩展和噪声方差等参数,并根据参数估计值分别从离线获得的预选集中选择时域和频域的一维维纳滤波系数.通过Cocentric System Studio(CCSS)平台仿真,给出了参数估计对算法性能的影响,以及所提信道估计算法的均方误差和误块率性能.仿真结果表明该算法在不同移动速度下,与采用理想插值系数信道估计相比性能损失不超过0.4 dB,与理想信道估计相比性能损失在1 dB以内.     

SFBC-OFDM系统中联合迭代信道估计与空频解码算法

提出了一种基于SFBC-OFDM系统的联合迭代信道估计与空频解码算法。首先为提高初始信道估计器的性能,提出了一种基于时频变换(TFT)的信道估计算法;其次提出了利用信道估计值与解码符号进行联合迭代信道估计与空频解码算法。分析与仿真结果显示,在准静态、快时变以及相关信道条件下,新的联合迭代信道估计与空频解码算法都有效地提高了系统性能。     

基于变换域处理的OFDM系统信道估计的改进方法

本文研究了基于变换域处理的OFDM系统信道估计的基本原理和变换域滤波处理方法,提出了一种变换域导频插值信道估计的改进迭代算法,同时,采用具有更好滤波效果的“带阻滤波器”优化了其中的变换域滤波器的设计,通过接收端检测到的信噪比调整能量参数。仿真结果表明,提出的采用优化变换域滤波器的信道估计算法具有较好的性能,在一定程度上可以接近于理想信道估计的性能。     

Computation of the discrete cosine transform using the iterative arithmetic fourier transform

A method of computing the discrete cosine transform using the iterative arithmetic Fourier transform is presented. It overcomes the difficulty of dense, Farey-fraction sampling in the time domain or space domain when using the original arithmetic Fourier transform (AFT) algorithm. Also, dense transform-domain samples are obtained without any interpolation or zero-padding. These dense samples can be advantageously used for accurate parameter estimation or determination of a few principal components. The inverse discrete cosine transform can be efficiently computed from these dense, Farey-fraction transform-domain samples using the original AFT. The resulting structure is suitable for VLSI implementation.     

一种适用于DCO-OFDM系统的DFT信道估计算法

针对直流偏置光正交频分复用系统中传统离散傅里叶变换(DFT)信道估计算法运算复杂度高和循环前缀(CP)内存在非有效信道系数的问题,提出厄米特对称的DFT(H-DFT)阈值改进信道估计算法。首先,根据信道时域响应变换到频域满足厄米特对称的性质,只需对有效子载波的信道频域响应做厄米特对称即可获得全部子载波的信道频域响应;其次,根据CP外噪声的平均功率对CP内的信道抽头数据设置阈值来滤除CP内的噪声。仿真结果表明:与传统DFT信道估计算法相比,H-DFT阈值改进信道估计算法有效降低了运算复杂度,在误比特率和均方误差方面也得到了明显的改善。     

Improved Frequency Domain Channel Estimation and Equalization for MIMO Wireless Communications

This paper introduces an improved frequency domain channel estimation method based on interpolation vectors for single carrier frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) with the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scheme. The proposed algorithm is derived by employing the least squares (LS) criterion, and a specified application for the wide sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) Rayleigh fading channel is presented. The channel frequency domain responses estimated at two adjacent pilot blocks are used to track the time-variant channel information, which can effectively improve the accuracy of channel estimation without significantly increasing complexity. Maximum mean square error (MMSE) frequency domain equalization based on the estimated channel is employed in the receiver to recover transmitted signals. This paper also investigates a training sequence design method for multiple transmit antennas and a noise variance estimation method. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed methods can perform very well for fading channels with long multipath delay and high Doppler spread.     

Channel Estimation Based on a Time-Domain Threshold for OFDM Systems

Channel estimation for OFDM systems is usually carried out in frequency domain by the least-squares (LS) method using known pilot symbols. The LS estimator has a merit of low complexity but may suffer from noise because it does not consider any noise effect in obtaining its solution. To enhance the noise immunity of the LS estimator, we consider the estimation noise in time domain named discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based channel estimation. Residual noise existing at the estimated channel coefficients in time domain could be reduced by reasonable selection of a threshold value. To achieve this, we propose a channel-estimation method based on a time-domain threshold which is a standard deviation of noise obtained by wavelet decomposition. Computer simulation shows that the estimation performance of the proposed method approaches to that of the known-channel case in terms of bit-error rates after the Viterbi decoder in overall SNRs.      

An Adaptive Channel Estimation Technique in MIMO OFDM Systems

In this paper, an adaptive channel estimation for MIMO OFDM is proposed. A set of pilot tones first are placed in each OFDM block, then the channel frequency response of these pilot tones are adaptively estimated by reeursive least squares （RLS） directly in frequency domain not in time domain. Then after the estimation of the channel frequency response of pilot tones, to obtain the channel frequency response of data tones, a new interpolation method based on DFT different from traditional linear interpolation method according to adjacent pilot tones is proposed. Simulation results show good performance of the technique.     

Distributed video coding based on lossy syndromes generated in hybrid pixel/transform domain

A recently proposed class of distributed source coding based video coders enables low-complexity compression and robust transmission over unreliable channels. These architectures process the video signal either in the pixel or in the transform domain generating some side information that permits a correct decoding of the coded image from a set of possible correlated sources. The approach proposed in this paper processes the video sequence both in the pixel and in the transform domain exploiting the advantages of both schemes and generating a set of lossy syndromes. The resulting video coding scheme requires a lower computational complexity at the decoder with respect to their transform-domain counterparts (like DISCOVER or PRISM) and provides a high compression gain and an increased robustness against channel losses.     

WRAN系统中基于自适应内插的信道估计算法

提出了一种基于自适应复系数内插的信道估计算法,改善了无线区域网络（WRAN）系统对抗动态多径时延的能力。WRAN是第一个采用认知无线电技术改善频谱效率的宽带接入标准,系统在下行链路中采用了正交频分复用（OFDM）调制技术,而信道估计技术对于采用相干解调的OFDM系统十分重要。传统的OFDM信道频域响应（CFR）估计算法通常采用实系数频域内插的方式,在对抗WRAN系统长多径时延信道时,不能有效地工作。该文在研究实系数FIR内插变换域响应的基础上,提出了一种复系数内插算法。为了同时适用于短时延信道,提出了一种低复杂度、自适应匹配信道最大多径时延的算法。通过仿真,验证了该算法能够对抗更大的多径时延,提高信道估计的精度,改善系统误码性能。      

Sub-Nyquist Sampling and Parameters Estimation of Wideband LFM Signals Based on FRFT

Last years, most sub-Nyquist sampling and parameters estimation methods for linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals are based on compressed sensing (CS) theory. However, nearly all CS reconstruction algorithms are with high computational complexity and difficult to be implemented in hardware. In this paper, a novel framework of sub-Nyquist sampling and low-complexity parameters estimation for LFM signals is proposed. The incoherent sampling in CS theory is introduced into the construction of sub-Nyquist sampling system, but no CS reconstruction algorithm is employed in the estimation of parameters. Based on the energy aggregation of LFM signals in the proper fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) domain, the chirp rate and center frequency can be estimated by linear operations. Accordingly, the proposed estimation method is easily realized compared with existing estimation methods based on CS. Simulation results verify its effectiveness and accuracy.