含钒铁水多段组合式预处理工艺

 介绍一种将含钒铁水复合喷吹预脱硫、提钒过程脱硅钛及出半钢过程脱磷技术相结合形成的新型含钒铁水“三脱”预处理工艺。通过研究复合喷吹脱硫工艺的喷吹枪位、喷吹速率、脱硫剂配比等参数对脱硫的影响,优化了含钒铁水复合喷吹脱硫工艺,并在提钒过程中实现了脱硅、脱钛。通过对出半钢过程预脱磷技术研究,取得了提高脱磷氧化率、降低炼钢转炉脱磷负担的冶金效果。     

本钢铁水预处理工艺研究

本钢采用镁基脱硫粉剂进行铁水喷吹脱硫，可实现（S）小于0．0001％。本文通过研究，给出了适当的钙镁比和喷吹速度、铁水温度、粉剂用量、铁水原始含硫量等对脱硫的影响。     

预处理过程铁水中氮含量的变化

宝钢铁水预处理现场取样统计分析表明 ,高炉铁水中平均氮含量为 4 4× 10 - 6 ,进行喷粉 (石灰 氮气 )单脱硫预处理 ,铁水中平均氮含量降低 34× 10 - 6 ;若进行脱硅 脱磷 脱硫 (3脱 )预处理 ,即首先氧化脱硅 ,其次喷吹氮 +氧 +石灰基粉剂脱磷 ,最后喷吹氧 +氮 +苏打粉脱硫后可使铁水中平均氮含量降至 10×10 - 6 。提高转炉低氮铁水比 ,复吹时全程氩搅拌和降低氧气中氮含量是生产低氮钢的主要工艺措施     

炉前脱硅技术在太钢1650m3高炉的应用

太钢1650m^3高炉炉前预脱硅系统采用喷吹法,用烧结机除尘灰作脱硅剂,脱硅剂用量为25～35kg／t。经过一段时间的技术探索、设备调整,脱硅效果达到较好水平。粉剂喷吹浓度达50kg／m^3以上,喷吹速度在9m／s以下,脱硅效率达到65％以上,脱硅后铁水含硅量可降低0．2～0．3个百分点,脱硅铁水合格率达到96％,满足并超过了设计要求。     

复合旋转喷吹铁水脱硫预处理工艺研究与应用

鞍钢股份有限公司炼钢总厂结合复合喷吹脱硫和KR搅拌脱硫两种工艺的优势,研制了复合旋转喷吹铁水脱硫预处理工艺,并且增加了脱硫喷枪的喷吹孔数量,调整了喷枪旋转转速,优化了喷吹孔位置分布以及喷吹孔径尺寸等参数。实践表明,采用复合旋转喷吹铁水脱硫预处理工艺可以降低脱硫粉剂消耗约30%,脱硫率提高了4.25%。     

降低CaC_2铁水脱硫剂消耗的有效方法

宝钢采用T.D.S铁水脱硫预处理,选用CaC_2及CaO为脱硫剂。本文提出了Ca_C_2的三种不同的喷吹方式进行铁水脱硫,来探讨降低CaC_2的消耗,提高其利用效率的可能性,并从中找出较理想的喷吹方式,从而达到大幅度降低铁水脱硫费用的目的。     

金属镁粉在铁水预处理脱硫生产中的应用

阐述了在铁水预处理中采用钝化金属镁－钙质粉剂进行复合喷吹和混合喷吹两种工艺及特点，并分析了在铁水预处理中影响金属镁脱硫率的主要因素，从而提出一个合理工艺制度。     

提高转炉冶炼不锈钢用铁水脱硫效果的工艺研究

本文介绍了太钢铁水缶喷吹法铁水预处理的生产工艺。分析了预处理后铁水硫含量偏高对转炉生产不锈钢的影响和喷吹法铁水预处理在脱磷同时进行脱硫的技术难点。依据铁水脱硫脱磷冶金反应机理，结合实际，通过生产试验，优化了喷吹法铁水预处理的供氧、粉剂加入、扒渣等工艺技术，取得了预处理终点硫含量、铁鳞、（CaO＋CaF2）消耗分别比原工艺降低0．007％、2．97kg／t和2．25kg／t的显著效果。     

铁水喷粉脱硫的研究

本研究在１５０ｋｇ中频感应炉内喷吹石灰系电石系脱硫剂，对铁水做脱硫预处理试验。研究了铁水中元素变化规律对脱硫命中率的影响，计算了有关动力学参数，从而验证了铁水［Ｓ］〈０．０４％情况下，脱硫反应速率的限制性环节是铁水中硫的传质。     

含铌铁水预处理脱硅保铌的研究

 为防止铁水预处理脱硅过程中脱铌,通过中频感应电炉底吹氧气冶炼含铌铁水,研究了铁水预处理吹氧过程中不加渣和加入造渣剂吹炼过程中脱硅保铌的行为及铁水中各元素含量的变化规律。试验结果表明：在铁水温度1623K加入碱度为4的CaO-SiO2-CaF2的造渣剂、供氧强度为0. 5m3/(t·min)时吹氧冶炼,铁水中的硅含量降低到0. 012%(质量分数,下同)时,铌才开始氧化,脱硫率为83%,磷含量不变;在相同的温度和供氧强度,不加造渣剂吹炼时,铁水中的硅降低至0. 16%时,铌开始氧化,硫和磷含量不变;有渣吹炼脱硅保铌终点硅含量是无渣吹炼脱硅保铌终点硅含量的10%,显著脱硫。     

Desulfurization of Hot Metal by the Injection of High-Quality Lime Powder

The desulfurization of hot metal by the injection of fluidized lime (≥94% CaO) is analyzed, when the lime consumption is 0.5–19 kg/t of hot metal. That results in 95% desulfurization; the lowest sulfur content in the hot metal is 0.003%. Decrease in sulfur content in the hot metal to 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, and 0.025% with different initial sulfur content is observed, with the injection of different quantities of lime. Sulfur content below 0.001% is not observed and not guaranteed. Recommendations are made for optimal desulfurization of hot metal by lime. Their adoption increases the desulfurization, decreases the losses of hot metal and the temperature, and decreases the consumption of materials and the cost of the process.     

鞍钢260t铁水脱硫扒渣生产实践

对鞍钢260 t铁水脱硫站的铁水温度条件、脱硫喷粉速率、脱硫喷枪插入深度以及扒渣工艺进行了优化,对铁水脱硫的控制方法及控制目标进行了介绍。采用镁基复合喷粉脱硫工艺,入转炉铁水硫可以达到0.002%～0.030%目标要求。通过铁水脱硫工艺与LF钢包精炼炉进行系统脱硫工艺控制,满足了中薄板坯连铸机的浇注要求,实现了全量钢水成品硫0.015%以下的低硫浇注,为稳定铸坯质量提供了保证。     

Simultaneous refining of phosphorus and sulfur from hot metal utilizing recycled sinter ore dust

An experimental study is carried out to determine the possibility of utilizing the recycled sinter ore dust for refinging flux for hot metal. The dust has good physical and chemical properties as an injection powder, however, it contains masses of about 0.24% S and a substantial amount of sulfur which can be picked up by the hot metal during the injection treatment. Therefore, sinter ore dust is mixed with burnt lime, fluorspar and sodium carbonate to increase the sulfide capacity of the flux. The fluxes are tested for hot metal dephosphorization and desulfurization in laboratory and plant scale experiments. The fluxes show an excellent dephosphorization efficiency without sulfur pick up. In case of the flux containing sodium carbonate masses of 10%, sulfur in hot metal is simultaneously removed. In addition, a higher manganese yield in hot metal is obtained in case of a sodium carbonate containing flux at the end of injection treatment.     

机械搅拌法与镁喷吹法铁水搅拌能和混匀时间的关系

采用永田进治公式和全浮力模型计算了机械搅拌法和喷吹法的铁水搅拌能,研究了搅拌能和混匀时间的关系,并和水模型的结果进行了比较,分析了两种搅拌能影响混匀时间的原因。结果表明,机械搅拌法的搅拌能力比喷吹法大数倍,在同一搅拌能下机械搅拌方式的混匀时间比喷吹法短。搅拌优势使得机械搅拌法比喷吹法的脱硫率比喷吹法平均高18.61%,带来的副作用是铁水温降要高于喷吹法15℃,以及对耐火材料的侵蚀速度为喷吹法的3倍。     

Effectiveness of fluidized lime in the desulfurization of hot metal in 300-t casting ladles

The desulfurization of hot metal by the injection of fluidized lime in the 300-t casting ladles of the oxygen-converter shop at OAO Alchevskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat is investigated. Analysis of the results shows that, in the deep desulfurization of hot metal with an initial sulfur content of 0.020–0.030% by a mixture of granulated magnesium and fluidized lime, the lime injected with magnesium into the hot metal has no significant effect. Measures are proposed to reduce the desulfurization costs and the losses of hot metal with the ladle slag.     

鞍钢新5号高炉喷吹煤粉助燃剂工业实践

 为探索助燃剂对高炉喷吹煤粉的影响,进行了鞍钢新5号高炉添加锰系氧化物煤粉助燃剂的工业试验,获得了高炉喷吹煤粉中添加助燃剂下高炉运行指标。结果表明：在添加0.4%～0.6%的助燃剂情况下,平均日产量同未添加助燃剂相比增加435.60t,焦比降低10.30kg/t,喷煤比增加8.10kg/t,高炉煤气中CO2的体积分数下降069%,煤粉平均燃烧率为45.93%,提高了6.06%。     

铁水复合喷吹脱硫技术的研究及应用

通过技术选型和对铁水复合脱硫的系统研究,选择了合适的操作和设备参数,并在调试中对操作参数进行不断的优化,使铁水复合脱硫技术在济钢一炼钢顺利实施,铁水硫的质量分数由0．035％下降到0．005％,而且脱硫剂消耗低于其他同类钢厂。     

Numerical simulation on novel blast furnace operation of combining coke oven gas injection with hot burden charging

A novel blast furnace operation of coke oven gas (COG) injection simultaneously with hot burden charging has been proposed to solve the problem of insufficient heat in the BF shaft zone under the condition of COG injection and make full use of the abundant sensible heat of high temperature burden. In this paper, the novel process has been simulated with a multifluid blast furnace model. The results show that, in comparison with the operation of COG injection only, under the operation of COG injection together with hot burden charging, the temperature in the upper zone of the shaft increases while that in lower zone decreases. Furthermore, the reduction of iron bearing material is improved in the top zone, and the cohesive zone tends to descend and narrow. The coke ratio, fuel ratio and CO₂ emissions of the operation of charging hot pellet and coke with the temperature of 800°C are decreased by 4.0, 4.7 and 5.3% respectively, while the hot metal productivity is increased by 7.14%. Therefore, COG injection combined with hot burden charging operation not only increases temperature in the upper part of the blast furnace but also decreases energy consumption per tonne hot metal.     

低镍铁水冶炼1Cr14Mn10NiCuN不锈钢生产工艺优化

通过对1Cr14Mn10NiCuN不锈钢冶炼的几种原料条件和工艺路径对比分析,发现采用低镍高炉铁水为主要原料的工艺流程因铁水成分、温度和洁净度更优而更具竞争力。某厂采用高硅含铬低镍铁水冶炼1Cr14Mn10NiCuN不锈钢,铁水带入铬可节约50铬铁用量约66.7 kg/t(钢),降低成本约400.5元/t(钢),但预处理环节铬的收得率仅为88%,铬损失量折算成50铬铁达到9.1 kg/t(钢),折合人民币约54.6元/t(钢)。工艺优化方案考虑在铁水预处理炉吹氧结束时加入合金熔化炉熔化的铬铁水,利用铬铁水中的硅还原渣中的铬。工艺方案优化后在预处理炉环节将低镍铁水中的铬收得率提高至95%,使生产全流程50铬铁加入量减少约5.3 kg/t(钢),降低成本约31.9元/t(钢)。     

Hot metal pretreatment by powder injection of lime‐based reagents

A mathematical model earlier proposed has been improved to predict the kinetics of multicomponent reactions in the hot metal pretreatment through the injection of reactive fluxes. It is assumed that there are two reaction zones along the flux injection operation: a transitory reaction between the rising particles and the bulk metal, and the permanent reaction between the metal and the top slag. A criterion to estimate the fraction of solids which will react with molten iron in a three‐phase jet (gas‐solid‐liquid) was considered; this fraction of solids carries out the transitory reaction. The model also takes into account the thermodynamic changes produced in the metal and slag due to the chemical reactions. Calculated results of the model are in good agreement with experimental results for the desulfurization of hot metal through the injection of CaO‐SiO₂‐CaF₂‐FeO‐Na₂O reagents at 1400 ‐ 1450 °C. Two kinds of hot metal were tested, one with a low carbon mass content of 3 % and the other with a high carbon mass content of 4.5 %.