聚氨酯在汽车保险杠涂料的应用进展

聚氨酯涂料以其低温可固化并且优良的机械性能,在汽车保险杠清漆上的应用已经较为常见。本文综述了目前全球保险杠的各种涂装工艺的现状,包括底漆、色漆和清漆等涂装工艺流程。在此基础上,详细讨论了保险杠用低 VOC涂料涂装体系目前的研究现状,包括水性底漆、水性色漆以及低黏度清漆固化剂在整体涂装体系中的表现,最后展望了保险杠涂料在水性化底漆特别是可应用于多样化基材上的水性底漆和水性色漆的发展方向。     

舰船防腐涂料与涂装(续)

(接上期) 3.4常用甲板涂装方案 甲板涂装包括涂装防锈底漆和甲板面漆等步骤,具体甲板涂装方案见表5. 3.5常用液舱涂装方案 舰船液舱包括:压载水舱、饮水舱、液体货舱、燃油舱等装载液体的舱室,最常用的涂料配套体系是环氧沥青和环氧系列(见表6),可有效阻止腐蚀进程.     

铁路钢桥保护涂装特点

介绍了日本高速铁路钢桥保护涂装体系及特点，包括新制钢梁涂装体系、钢梁现场维修涂装体系和钢箱内现场涂装体系。     

工程机械用超高固体分涂料喷涂工艺的研究

根据工机械涂料及涂装的要求,采用聚天门冬氨酸酯涂料体系制备了超高固体分涂料并对其涂层性能要求、涂装工艺及涂装设备进行了讨论。结果表明,在合适的涂料配方、改进的施工工艺及优化的涂装设备下,聚天门冬氨酸酯涂料可满足工程机械用涂料及涂装的要求。     

涂装工程建设的新模式——COS体系

COS 体系是一种集涂装、经营和服务于一体的涂装工程建设新模式,它把涂料生产厂家只卖涂料的观念转化成向客户提供优质涂膜的理念,是涂料涂装一体化的具体体现。讨论了COS 体系的优点,并分享了涂料生产厂家和涂装设备厂成功应用 COS 体系经营的案例。     

钢结构件的防腐蚀涂装

本文概述了钢结构件防腐蚀涂装的特点、涂装前处理、涂装体系和施工要求,列举了钢结构件防腐蚀涂装的典型实例。     

基于吸附凝聚分离法处理电机厂涂装废水的工艺研究

电机制造业缺乏系统处理涂装废水的知识体系和废水处理意识，为了探究电机涂装废水处理方法，以吸附凝聚分离法为基础，提出电机厂家可实际操作的水化学试验。从提高电机涂装废水处理效率和确保吸附凝聚分离法中基本影响因子 2个方面出发，为电机厂家治理涂装废水提供了理论依据和切实可行的处理方案。     

工程机械涂装技术应用

从涂层配套体系、涂装工艺和涂装设备等方面,介绍了工程机械的涂装技术现状与发展趋势。     

丙烯酸改性聚硅氧烷涂料耐候性与配套性研究

为提高丙烯酸改性聚硅氧烷涂料的耐候性和配套性,以涂层失光率、粉化等级、色差以及层间附着力为研究对象,研究了紫外光助剂体系与用量、颜料体积浓度（PVC）、钛白粉用量对涂层耐候性的影响以及中间漆固化剂的结构与组分、涂装间隔对配套附着力的影响,确定了最佳紫外光助剂体系和用量、PVC范围、钛白粉用量、中间漆固化剂类型以及涂装间隔。结果表明：采用苯并三唑类紫外光吸收剂BTZ与碱性受阻胺光稳定剂A-HALS复配,且复配助剂用量为1.8%～2.4%,PVC≤0.18以及提高钛白粉用量可有效提高丙烯酸改性聚硅氧烷涂料的耐候性;中间漆固化剂采用不含小分子的腰果壳油改性胺或聚酰胺,涂料体系配套性优异;适当延长涂装间隔可提升涂层体系配套性。     

桥梁钢结构智能化涂装设备的开发与应用研究

桥梁钢结构智能涂装设备是代替人工涂装作业的高效率、高安全系数的自动化装置。常泰长江大桥钢梁涂装项目所用智能化涂装设备涉及喷砂车间智能化设备布局设计和智能涂装车间工艺布局设计。实践证明,智能化涂装作业质量与人工涂装相比更加稳定,且漆面均匀,油漆附着力较好,能满足大桥涂装体系质量要求。     

Juvenescent soap films. The evaporative stabilization of a film by a volatile surfactant

In the absence of evaporation, soap films may be preserved indefinitely after a rapid evolution to an equilibrium thickness, the black film. This evolution can be slowed down enormously so that the appearance of a recently formed thick and colored film can be preserved for hours or weeks. Such juvenescent films form when the evaporation of water is prevented and that of a minor but highly surface-active component is favored. For example, a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate containing decyl or octyl alcohol gives juvenescent films in a thermostated enclosure, containing also a micellar solution which is initially free of the alcohol and is capable of absorbing it from the vapor phase. Juvenescence depends on a pseudo-steady state in which the surface tension of a film element increase on account of evaporation of the alcohol, and this causes contraction and thickening, return to the bulk liquid, and replacement by a fresh film element rich in alcohol. The analogy to “tears of strong wine” is marked. Quantitative experiments, using octyl alcohol, are also described. Any condition favoring this effect must be eliminated if accurate equilbrium film-thickness measurements are to be obtained.     

External normal pressure prevents preferential wetting of PS/PMMA blend thin films

Substrate wetting of the component(s) of thin polymer blend films strongly dictates their phase evolution during thermal annealing. In the case of wetting by one component being preferential than the other, a continuous wetting layer at the substrate will form. Here, we report that the preferential wetting of PMMA within a PS/PMMA thin film can be prevented under normal pressure. Moreover, the external pressure drives the PMMA wetting layer at the substrate (or a PMMA cushion layer intentionally placed between the blend film and the superstrate) into the isolated PMMA domains within the blend film. This results in a film morphology normally observed on neutral surfaces, revealing that normal pressure can potentially be used to effectively control the blend film morphology by preventing the hydrodynamic wetting.     

Impact of drying conditions and wet film properties on adhesion and film solidification of lithium-ion battery anodes

Electrodes constitute a vital component of lithium-ion battery cells. The property-determining, porous microstructure of anodes, which is composed of micrometer-sized graphite particles and nanoscale additives, was developed during convective removal of the solvent. In the present work, the impact of significant drying conditions and wet film properties, such as drying rate, slurry composition or active material particle size, just to name a few, is examined to provide further understanding of film solidification. The influence on both adhesion and film solidification is investigated. Subsequently, a previously developed film solidification mechanism will be critically reviewed based on findings.     

化学镀在陶瓷散热片焊接上的应用

电台用的电子部件如大功率晶体管等与陶瓷散热片焊接时，锡与银会共熔，银层从散热片上脱落，利用光学镀镍作阻挡层，化学镀金作可焊层，可得到良好的焊接效果。     

Chemistry of the Interface Between Aluminum and Polyester Films

It has been observed that the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and poly(ethylene isophthalate-co-ethylene sodium sulfoisophthalate) copolymer is approximately five times greater than the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and biaxially-oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. To describe the interface between the aluminum and these polymeric substrates, thermoanalytical, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques have been applied. Definite changes in surface elemental composition and chemical functionality occur upon metallization of the polymer films. Aluminized samples contained two new oxygen functionalities; one due to the aluminum oxide and the other due to an organoaluminum species. Thermal degradation, as may occur during vacuum evaporation, would be expected to yield a carboxylic acid endgroup and a vinyl endgroup for each chain scission reaction that occurred. Reaction of aluminum with these carboxylic acid endgroups is thought to be responsible for the organoaluminum oxygen peak that was observed. Based on the XPS data, however, the level of this new functionality was comparable for both types of polyester film. Thus, this new functionality may be involved in promoting aluminum/polyester adhesion, but by itself cannot explain the differences in the level of adhesion that are attained. It appears, based on the transmission electron micrographs, that the aluminum deposit penetrates the copolymer coating to a greater depth than it does the PET. The greater level of penetration could be responsible for the greater adhesion obtained between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and the copolymer film compared with the level of adhesion obtained with the PET film. Based on this work, it appears that the adhesion of the vacuum-evaporated aluminum to both polyesters has a similar chemical component (type and amount) but a different extent of the mechanical component.     

Chemistry of the Interface Between Aluminum and Polyester Films

It has been observed that the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and poly(ethylene isophthalate-co-ethylene sodium sulfoisophthalate) copolymer is approximately five times greater than the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and biaxially-oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. To describe the interface between the aluminum and these polymeric substrates, thermoanalytical, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques have been applied. Definite changes in surface elemental composition and chemical functionality occur upon metallization of the polymer films. Aluminized samples contained two new oxygen functionalities; one due to the aluminum oxide and the other due to an organoaluminum species. Thermal degradation, as may occur during vacuum evaporation, would be expected to yield a carboxylic acid endgroup and a vinyl endgroup for each chain scission reaction that occurred. Reaction of aluminum with these carboxylic acid endgroups is thought to be responsible for the organoaluminum oxygen peak that was observed. Based on the XPS data, however, the level of this new functionality was comparable for both types of polyester film. Thus, this new functionality may be involved in promoting aluminum/polyester adhesion, but by itself cannot explain the differences in the level of adhesion that are attained. It appears, based on the transmission electron micrographs, that the aluminum deposit penetrates the copolymer coating to a greater depth than it does the PET. The greater level of penetration could be responsible for the greater adhesion obtained between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and the copolymer film compared with the level of adhesion obtained with the PET film. Based on this work, it appears that the adhesion of the vacuum-evaporated aluminum to both polyesters has a similar chemical component (type and amount) but a different extent of the mechanical component.     

The processing of polypropylene cast films. I. Impact of material properties and processing conditions on film formation

Material properties have a significant impact on the response of polymers to industrial flow processes such as film casting. During film casting, molten polymer is extruded through an (approximately) rectangular die and then cooled rapidly. Subsequent biaxial stretching can be employed to manipulate the film properties. In this work, we investigate the effect of polymer viscosity (molecular weight), draw ratio, and die temperature on polypropylene film formation. We measure the width, two components of the velocity vector, and the temperature profiles throughout the film web. The polymer rheology and the die temperature affect the film geometry and temperature profiles in the air‐gap. The magnitude of the machine direction velocity component depends on both the machine and transverse position in the film. The velocity shows a maximum at the centerline and decreases toward the film edge. The measured transverse velocity component, a consequence of the film neck‐in, is seen to decrease from the film edges to the centerline. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

镀锌钢板磷化液的研制

研究出一种应用于镀锌钢板的磷化工艺,对磷化液中各组分的作用进行了分析、讨论,尤其氯离子对磷化膜性能的影响.结果表明：各成膜离子含量及相互比例应适中,工艺参数需控制合理,氯离子是造成镀锌钢板上磷化膜形成白斑的原因之一,磷化液内氯化物中的氯离子的质量浓度应控制在0.5 g/L以下.     

可热封双向拉伸聚酯薄膜简介

在聚酯生产过程中,采用第三或第四组分进行共聚改性,破坏或降低其结晶结构,便可具有可热封性能。以三层共挤结构为例,叙述了可热封双向拉伸聚酯薄膜的生产工艺,并将其主要性能与BOPP,CPP薄膜的进行对比。     

HDI缩二脲配漆性能的影响因素

以HDI缩二脲为固化剂组分,研究了蓖麻油、羟基丙烯酸树脂和聚醚等羟基组分及乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲苯和二甲苯4种溶剂对漆膜的影响,并与TDI-TMP型固化剂配漆进行了比较.结果表明,羟基组分和异氰酸酯固化剂组分是决定配漆后漆膜性能的主要因素;HDI缩二脲固化剂配漆后漆膜性能比TDI-TMP型固化剂配漆性能好,其附着力均为...