共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
随着锂电池市场需求的不断扩大,锂资源的提取与回收成为研究的热点。介绍了盐湖卤水提锂工艺中沉淀法和萃取法的研究进展。重点阐述了废旧锂离子电池正极材料回收锂资源的研究现状。介绍了金属锂的制备工艺,包括熔盐电解法和真空热还原法,其中真空热还原法包括硅热还原法、铝热还原法和铁热还原法。目前盐湖卤水萃取法提锂的工业化是需要解决的重点问题;废旧锂离子电池锂资源的绿色回收是当前研究的热点,在保证锂回收效率的同时尽量选用有机酸以减少污染,同时废旧锂离子电池的工业化回收前景广阔;真空热还原制备锂单质目前仍处于实验室研究阶段,连续化生产是研究的主要方向。 相似文献
4.
5.
《耐火材料》2016,(3)
为了在较低温度和较短时间内合成h-BN粉体,以硼砂和镁粉为原料,以n(NaCl)n(MgCl_2)分别为1:3、1:1和3:1的3种NaCl-MgCl_2和n(KCl)n(MgCl_2)为1:1的KCl-MgCl_2为熔盐介质,在氮气气氛中分别于800、1 000和1 200℃保温3 h,采用镁热还原法合成h-BN,经5%(w)的盐酸溶液浸泡、抽滤、洗涤、干燥、研磨后得到产物粉体,并进行XRD和SEM分析,研究了不同种类和配比的熔盐介质及合成温度对合成产物的物相组成和显微结构的影响。结果表明:1)在本试验的不同熔盐介质和不同温度下合成的产物粉体均由纯相h-BN组成,但h-BN的结晶度随合成温度的升高而逐渐提高:在NaCl-MgCl_2熔盐介质中于1 000℃制备的产物中有片状h-BN,在1 200℃出现层叠层片状h-BN,而在KCl-MgCl_2熔盐介质中于1 200℃才有片状h-BN。2)在NaCl-MgCl_2熔盐中通过镁热还原法合成h-BN粉体,不仅克服了其他方法合成温度高的缺陷,同时还有效地控制了h-BN晶粒的尺寸和形貌。 相似文献
6.
以硅灰、白炭黑、硅溶胶为硅源,炭黑为碳源,采用碳热还原法合成碳化硅晶须,通过XRD及SEM对合成产物的物相及形貌进行分析,探讨了合成温度(分别为1 400、1 450、1 500、1 550℃)、硅源、n(C)∶n(SiO2)对合成碳化硅晶须的影响.结果表明:n(C)∶n(SiO2)为2.4~3.6,合成温度为1 500 ℃,保温3 h时,硅溶胶与炭黑反应没有生成碳化硅晶须,硅灰、白炭黑与炭黑反应均生成碳化硅晶须;以硅灰为硅源合成碳化硅晶须的质量及数量明显优于以白发黑为硅源合成碳化硅晶须;合成碳化硅晶须的最佳n(C)∶n(SiO2)为3.3. 相似文献
7.
9.
10.
11.
Hironori Kodama Hiroshi Sakamoto Tadahiko Miyoshi 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(4):551-558
SiC-monofilament-reinforced SiC or Si3 N4 matrix composites were fabricated by hot-pressing, and their mechanical properties and effects of filaments and filament coating layers were studied. Relationships between frictional stress of filament/matrix interface and fracture toughness of SiC monofilament/Si3 N4 matrix composites were also investigated. As a result, it was confirmed experimentally that in the case of composites fractured with filament pullout, the fracture toughness increased as the frictional stress increased. On the other hand, when frictional stress was too large (>about 80 MPa) for the filament to be pulled out, fracture toughnesses of the composites were almost the same and not so much improved over that of Si3 N4 monolithic ceramics. The filament coating layers were found to have a significant effect on the frictional stress of the SiC monofilament/Si3 N4 matrix interface and consequently the fracture toughness of the composites. Also the crack propagation behavior in the SiC monofilament/Si3 N4 matrix composites was observed during flexural loading and cyclic loading tests by an in situ observation apparatus consisting of an SEM and a bending machine. The filament effect which obstructed crack propagation was clearly observed. Fatigue crack growth was not detected after 300 cyclic load applications. 相似文献
12.
Michael Kmetz Steven Suib Francis Galasso 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1990,73(10):3091-3093
Composites of SiC/Si and SiC/SiC were prepared from single yarns of SiC. The use of carbon coatings on SiC yarn prevented the degradation normally observed when chemically vapor deposited Si is applied to SiC yarn. The strength, however, was not retained when the composite was heated at elevated temperatures in air. In contrast, the strength of a SiC/C/SiC composite was not reduced after this composite was heated at elevated temperatures, even when the fiber ends were exposed. 相似文献
13.
Tyrone Mitchell Jr. † ‡ Lutgard C. De Jonghe † ‡ Warren J. MoberlyChan Robert O. Ritchie† ‡ 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(1):97-103
α-silicon carbide platelet/β-silicon carbide composites have been produced in which the individual platelets were coated with an aluminum oxide layer. Hot-pressed composites showed a fracture toughness as high as 7.2 MPa·m1/2 . The experiments indicated that the significant increase in fracture toughness is mainly the result of crack deflection and accompanying platelet pullout. The coating on the platelets also served to prevent the platelets from acting as nucleation sites for the α- to β-phase transformation, so that the advantageous microstructure remains preserved during high-temperature processing. 相似文献
14.
采用硅钼蓝分光光度法测定氮化钒铁中的硅含量,研究了氮化钒铁溶样方法,通过溶样效果,选择确定溶样酸。结果表明,该方法准确度高、重复性好,操作简便,可广泛运用于氮化钒铁中硅的检测。 相似文献
15.
Silicon/Silicon Carbide Composites Fabricated by Infiltration of a Silicon Melt into Charcoal 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dong-Woo Shin Sam Shik Park Yong-Ho Choa Koichi Niihara 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1999,82(11):3251-3253
Dense Si/SiC composites were fabricated via a conventional reaction-bonding process, using oak charcoal that exhibited a honeycomb structure. The silicon melt was infiltrated into the porous oak charcoal (density of ~0.6 g/cm3 ) while the sample was heated to 1700°C under vacuum (10-3 torr (~0.133 Pa)), which resulted in in situ silicon-fiber/SiC composites. The reaction product had an average density of 2.8 g/cm3 and showed three-point flexural strengths of 330 MPa at room temperature and 280 MPa at 1300°C. Good oxidation resistance also was observed at temperatures up to 1300°C in flowing air. This process provided excellent shape-making capability, because the charcoal that was used as a preform was readily machinable. 相似文献
16.
Ethanolic silicon suspensions, with and without a polyethoxylated amine of low molecular weight, were studied by rheological, adsorption, electrophoretic, and sedimentation methods. Pellets were pressure-cast and nitrided to form reaction-bonded silicon nitride. Density and binding strength in the green state relate well to rheological behavior and other collodial aspects of the suspensions used, particularly the additive's role and distribution. Density and degree of nitridation in the final state are not importantly affected by the additive's use. Its greatest benefit is to modify the binding strength in the green state. The mode by which this small molecule affects the processing of silicon consists of adsorption, combined with an increased electrostatic interparticle repulsion which increases the suspension viscosity and that of undried pellets. Although the improved binding strength is accompanied by decreased green and nitrided densities, high degrees of conversion to silicon nitride are still achieved. 相似文献
17.
Doo J. Choi David B. Fischbach William D. Scott 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(7):1118-1123
Oxidation of {111} single-crystal silicon and dense, chemically-vapor-deposited silicon nitride was done in clean silica tubes at temperatures of 1000° to woo°C. The oxidation rates of silicon nitride under various atmospheres (dry O2 , wet O2 , wet inert gas, and steam) were several orders of magnitude slower than those of silicon under the identical conditions. The activation energy for the oxidation of silicon nitride decreased from 330 to 259 kJ/mol in going from dry O2 to steam while that for Si decreased from 120 to 94 kJ/mol. The parabolic rate constant for Si increased linearly as the water vapor pressure increased. However, the parabolic rate constant for silicon nitride showed nonlinear dependency on the water vapor pressure in the presence of oxygen. The oxidation kinetics of silicon nitride is explained by the formation of nitrogen compounds (NO and NH3 ) at the reaction interface and the counterpermeation of these reaction products. 相似文献
18.
SiC was synthesized via the gas-phase reaction between SiO and CH4 at 1500° and 1560°C in a tubular flow reactor. SiO vapor was generated from equimolar powder mixtures of Si and SiO2 in the reactor while CH4 was externally supplied. Products of different morphologies were collected at different longitudinal locations: whiskers, crystal aggregates, scale, and powder. The total yield of SiC, based on the amount of SiO generated, reached as high as 99%, of which 25–46% by mass was fine powder with sizes ranging from 60 to 300 nm. 相似文献
19.
20.
R. R. WILLS I. SEKERCIOGLU D. E. NIESZ 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1980,63(7-8):401-403
Silicon aluminum oxynitride solid solutions (sialons) based on β-Si3 N4 and Si2 N2 O behave differently in contact with molten sih'con. The Si2 N2 O-based sialons convert to almost pure Si3 N4 , apparently through a two-step decomposition and solution-precipitation reaction, whereas the β-Si3 N4 sialons are preferentially attacked at the grain boundaries. The composition of the grain-boundary phase appears to control the rate of reaction. 相似文献