09CuPTi系耐候钢组织性能及耐腐蚀行为

 在热连轧生产线上采用两阶段轧制生产了09CuPTi系耐候钢,研究了轧制工艺参数对耐候钢板微观组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,3种工艺试验钢的显微组织均为针状铁素体和贝氏体。当终冷温度为530℃冷却速度为25℃/s时,组织以更细小均匀的板条贝氏体为主,屈服强度及抗拉强度分别为617MPa和702MPa,韧脆性转变温度较低,具有良好的强韧性。对轧后钢板进行了耐腐蚀试验,研究了09CuPTi-Nb钢工艺B成品和参考钢在模拟工业大气环境下的腐蚀演化行为。结果表明,在腐蚀初期腐蚀速度随干湿循环次数的增加而增大,在后期腐蚀速度逐渐降低,09CuPTi-Nb钢的腐蚀速率与SPA-H钢相当,但低于Q345钢。09CuPTi-Nb钢锈层分为内外两层,内锈层致密主要由α-FeOOH和少量γ-Fe2O3组成,Q345钢锈层主要由α-FeOOH、γ-Fe2O3和Fe3O4组成。电化学试验表明,腐蚀产物促进阴极过程,抑制阳极过程。     

低合金耐候钢在含氯离子环境中的腐蚀行为

利用干湿周浸加速腐蚀实验对比研究了低合金钢A588和SPA-H在含氯离子环境下腐蚀行为,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电子探针等方法分析了Ni、Mn对于低合金钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:实验钢锈层中的物质主要由α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH和Fe₃O₄组成,但其含量存在差异;Ni元素在内锈层含量高于外锈层,Mn元素在锈层的孔洞处富集;内锈层的致密程度高于外锈层;提高合金元素Mn和Ni的含量,可以提高内锈层的致密性,从而提高低合金钢的耐蚀性能.      

Corrosion Resistance of High Performance Weathering Steel for Bridge Building Applications

 The mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and microstructures of high performance steel (HPS) was investigated by tensile testing machine, Charpy V-Notch (CVN) testing machine, cyclic immersion corrosion tester, XRD, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). The results showed that significant differences existed in the tensile strength, yield strength and impact toughness between HPS and PCS. After 72 h cyclic immersion accelerated corrosion test, the inner rust layer on HPS was composed of α-FeOOH phase and denser than that on PCS that was a mixture of α-FeOOH and Fe3O4. The rust formed on HPS provides better protection and HPS has lower corrosion rates than PCS. Copper and chromium in HPS enrich in the rust layer and enhance the compactness of the rust layer. Based on the results of the accelerated corrosion tests and rust layer analysis, the roles of Cu and Cr against corrosion are discussed, providing HPS with chemical specification which has been industrially successful to produce weathering steel for bridge structure.     

碳含量和组织类型对低合金钢耐蚀性的影响

 研究了碳含量不同和显微组织不同的低合金钢的耐腐蚀性能和腐蚀行为,并和商业耐候钢09CuPCrNi做了相应的比较。在碳含量比较低的情况下,组织类型对试验钢的耐蚀性影响不大;碳含量比较高时,单相贝氏体钢的耐蚀性优于由铁素体、渗碳体(珠光体)等构成的复相组织钢。轧后水冷时,不同碳含量的钢耐蚀性差别不大;轧后空冷时,碳含量低的钢的耐蚀性优于碳含量较高的钢。用扫描电镜对锈层进行观察,可以看出耐蚀性较好的试样在腐蚀后期形成了较致密的内锈层。碳的质量分数分别为0.03%和0.1%的钢水冷后的平均腐蚀速率相差很小,但从微观角度看其点蚀发展趋势不同。加速腐蚀5个周期后,w(C)为003%的水冷钢中蚀坑尺寸不再增加,而w(C)为01%的钢中蚀坑尺寸仍有增加趋势。     

低碳钢在湿热工业海洋大气中的腐蚀特征

以0.1 mol·L-1NaCl+0.01 mol·L-1 NaHSO₃溶液为腐蚀介质,采用干/湿周浸加速腐蚀实验、腐蚀失重、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法,研究了湿热工业海洋大气中低碳钢的腐蚀行为.结果表明:实验钢的腐蚀过程均遵循幂函数d=Atn分布规律,钢种不同,常系数A、n的值不同;腐蚀产物主要由非晶物质和少量Fe₃O₄、α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH晶体组成.所得锈层可分为主体锈层和界面疏松带两部分,由内至外锈层中Fe、O含量梯度变化很小.Cl-、SO₂与水分的长期协同作用会导致内锈层结构变差,而添加稳定性或耐蚀性较高的元素可以改善锈层质量,进而增强钢材的耐腐蚀性能.      

Corrosion Behavior of Rusted 550 MPa Grade Offshore Platform Steel

 The corrosion behavior of a rusted 550 MPa grade offshore platform steel in Cl- containing environment was investigated. The results revealed that the corrosion process can be divided into initial stage in which corrosion rate increased with accumulation of corrosion products and later stage in which homogeneous and compact rust layer started to protect steel substrate out of corrosion mediums. On the contrary, structural analysis of rust layers by X-ray diffraction showed that α-FeOOH increased from 1. 3% to 3. 6% and the Fe3O4 increased from 1. 0% to 1. 5% while γ-FeOOH reduced slightly according to corrosion time increased from 30 cycles to 73 cycles. The results of electron probe microanalysis indicated that Cr concentrated mainly in the inner region of the rust, inner/outer interface especially, whereas Ni and Cu were uniformly distributed all over the rust after 73 corrosion cycles. According to electrochemical measurements, it was found that the corrosion rate of rusted steel reduced from 0. 61 mm/a after 45 cycles to 0. 34 mm/a after 85 cycles, 44. 3% reduction approximately, and Rrust values increased with increment of corrosion time. Therefore, formation of compact inner rust layer and enrichment of Cr are important to improve corrosion resistance of offshore platform steel.     

湿热海洋大气中SO2污染对Q235B钢腐蚀行为的影响

 以NaCl和NaHSO3为介质,采用干/湿周浸加速腐蚀试验、腐蚀失重分析、XRD、SEM等,研究了湿热海洋大气中SO2对Q235B钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,SO2污染使Q235B钢的腐蚀明显加重。污染前后,Q235B钢的腐蚀过程均遵循幂函数[W＝Atn]的分布规律,腐蚀产物均由非晶和少量Fe3O4、α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH晶体组成,但参数[A、][n]值和晶体数量并不相同。Cl－和SO2在腐蚀过程中具有协同作用,但作用机理不同。Cl－会阻止腐蚀产物吸附,并促使其脱落,进而阻止保护性锈层形成;而SO2在酸化过程中会与钢基体和锈层反应,进而破坏锈层结构,加剧钢的腐蚀。SO2还能抑制β-FeOOH并促进α-FeOOH的生成,进而抑制Cl－的破坏作用并改善锈层的稳定性;但随锈层增厚,SO2的抑制作用减弱,内锈层随之变疏松。     

09CuPTiRE钢耐候性能及腐蚀过程研究

通过浸渍干湿循环加速腐蚀试验 ,采用失重法测量年蚀率 ,SEM观察腐蚀产物的表面形貌和断面形貌 ,XRD测定腐蚀产物的物相组成 ,电化学阻抗谱仪测定锈层的交流阻抗谱 ,研究了0 9CuPTiRE耐候钢与Q2 3 5、鞍钢耐候钢和日本耐候钢三种参比钢的耐候性能及腐蚀过程 .结果表明 :0 9CuPTiRE钢的耐候性能显著优于Q2 3 5钢 ;Q2 3 5钢锈层为一层网状、疏松且有大量纵向交错裂纹和孔洞的锈层 ,而 0 9CuPTiRE及另两种耐候钢的锈层分内外两层 ,外层与Q2 3 5钢锈层相似 ,内层均匀、连续、致密 ;Q2 3 5钢的腐蚀过程受活化控制 ,即受控于金属离子进入溶液的速度 ,而0 9CuPTiRE钢的腐蚀过程既受活化控制 ,由于保护锈层的存在还受氧的扩散控制 .     

耐候钢锈层及其稳定化处理现状

耐候钢具有良好的耐大气腐蚀性,但是稳定化锈层形成较慢,在耐候钢使用前对表面进行预处理,可以缩短锈层稳定化形成时间和防止锈液流挂.简要概述了国内外耐候钢的发展情况,以及耐候钢稳定化锈层的形成过程和锈层的组成与结构,分为以γ-FeOOH为主的疏松外锈层和以α-FeOOH为主的致密内锈层;介绍了表面锈层保护机理,包括物理阻隔...     

超低碳高强度耐候钢腐蚀性能的研究

通过显微组织观察、周浸加速腐蚀试验、锈层微观分析、Χ射线衍射等方法,以商业CortenB钢为对比钢,研究了超低碳高强度耐候钢(ULCW)的腐蚀性能。结果表明:超低碳高强度耐候钢的耐腐蚀性能优于CortenB钢;ULCW钢在腐蚀过程中能快速形成致密锈层,提高了钢的耐腐蚀性能;ULCW钢锈层中保护性产物α-FeOOH的量明显多于CortenB钢,提高了对钢基体的保护作用。     

Cr-Ni-Cu系低合金铸钢在海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为

为满足桥梁支座用铸钢在海洋大气环境下的耐蚀性要求,设计了2种成分的Cr-Ni-Cu系耐腐蚀低合金铸钢。采用周浸加速腐蚀试验、实地大气暴露试验考察试验钢在海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为,并结合扫描电镜、XRD、电化学手段分析了合金元素对锈层和电化学行为的影响。结果表明,2种成分的Cr-Ni-Cu系低合金铸钢的耐蚀性均较好,随着时间延长,耐蚀铸钢腐蚀率下降并达到稳定,而对比钢种20MnSi腐蚀率保持下降趋势,未达到稳定状态。周浸腐蚀316h后耐蚀铸钢与20MnSi腐蚀率差距变小;Cr元素在内锈层中呈条带状富集,有效阻碍了Cl-的扩散,Ni的加入提高钢的自腐蚀电位,促进γ-FeOOH向α-FeOOH的转化,增加锈层稳定性;Cr、Ni、Cu的复合加入增大了铸钢的电荷传递电阻,提高了耐蚀性。     

Influence of Cr on reduction behavior of rust formed on low alloy steels in flowing 3. 5% NaCl solution

The reduction behavior of rust layer formed on carbon steel and on Cr- containing steels was investigated in flowing 3. 5mass% NaCl solution via potentiodynamic polarization curve, EPMA, XRD, and XPS. The results show that the weight loss of Cr- containing steels is lower than that of carbon steel. Fe3+ in the rust layer participated in the cathodic reaction with the corrosion process. Cr concentrated in the inner rust layer formed on the experimental steels, and exited in the form of Cr3+. This concentration behavior of Cr increases the corrosion potential of experimental steels and decreases the amount of Fe3O4 in the inner rust layer. Inhibition of reduction of rust results in a decrease of corrosion of metal. Moreover, inhibition of rust reduction suppresses the reduction reaction of oxygen, owing to the decrease of conductivity of rust layer. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of experimental steels can be improved by suppressing the cathodic reaction in flowing 3. 5 mass% NaCl solution.     

高耐候结构用Q355GNH钢的开发与性能研究

通过对高耐候钢产品的性能要求分析,本试验钢在成分设计上以Cu、P为基,添加少量Cr、Ni,并制定相应的轧制及卷取工艺而成功开发了355强度级别的高耐候结构用钢.对该试验钢的各项性能进行检测,同时根据其成分设计进行了耐腐蚀性能预测,并利用实验室加速腐蚀试验方法对Q355GNH试验钢及Q345B对比钢的腐蚀速率以及其锈层构...     

Influence of Chromium on Mechanical Properties and CO2/H2S Corrosion Behavior of P110 Grade Tube Steel

Four kinds of P110 grade tube steels containing different chromium contents were designed to probe the in- fluence of Cr on the properties of tube steel. The microstrueture, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the four kinds of P110 grade tube steels were studied deeply and thoroughly. The analysis of the mechanical properties indicated that tensile strength and yield strength of the steel plates were improved, while transverse and longitudinal impact energy and elongation first increased and then decreased when Cr content rose. The impact energy and elonga tion reached the peak when Cr content was 1 ~. Cr precipitates were found only in 3 ~ Cr steel, with （Nb, Ti）（C, N） or Nb（C,N） as the core of precipitation and then grew up. The corrosion experiments demonstrated that the scales on the four steels had a two layer structure under the corrosion of CO2 and H2 S. The outer layer was mainly com- posed of FeS or FeS1 x and the inner layer consisted of FeCOa and Cr compounds. Cr was rich in the inner layer and the Cr content of the inner layer increased with the Cr content in matrix. The enriched Cr enhanced the compactness of the scales, further hindering the diffusion of ions from liquid to the surface of steel, thus reducing corrosion rate.     

Corrosion Products and Formation Mechanism During Initial Stage of Atmospheric Corrosion of Carbon Steel

The formation and development of corrosion products on carbon steel surface during the initial stage of atmospheric corrosion in a laboratory simulated environment have been studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that two different shapes of corrosion products, that is, ring and chain, were formed in the initial stage of corrosion. MnS clusters were found in the nuclei of corrosion products at the active local corrosion sites. The ring-shaped products were composed of lepidocrocite （γ-FeOOH） and maghemite （γ-Fe2O2 ） transformed from lepidocrocite. The chain-type products were goethite （α-FeOOH）. A formation mechanism of the corrosion products is proposed.     

Influence of Alloying Elements Corrosion Resistance of Cold on Mechanical Properties and Rolled C-Mn-Si TRIP Steels

 The rust layer plays an important role in the corrosion of steel in chlorinated environments. Salt spray, potentiodynamic polarization curve and tensile test were conducted in laboratory for the specimens after two-stage heat treatment. The influence of the alloying elements on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of three kinds of steels was investigated by observing the microstructure and the morphologies of rust layer. The results show that the highest value (29%) of total elongation for steel A is obtained. The mechanical property of the specimen for steel C exhibits best strength ductility balance (21384 MPa·%) because of the presence of the multiphase microstructures after a two-stage heat treatment and the addition of the alloying elements. The corrosion products are known to be a complex mixture of Fe3O4, Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH for steel C. The presence of the alloying elements results in the formation of compact and dense rust layers in steel B and C. Passive film protects the substrate of TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steel containing a complex mix of multiphase. Superior corrosion performance is exhibited for steel C with low alloying contents due to the enrichment of alloying elements within the rust layers.     

Effect of MicroArea pH Value on Formation of Different Rust Phases of Weathering Steel in Initial Corrosion Period

 The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel. The Rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion. Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze the rust layers. The initial corrosion processes below thin water film were observed and the changes of micro-area PH value were measured. The results are as follows: The corrosion processes are obviously different between P-RE weathering steel and carbon steel. The surface of P-RE weathering steel rapidly forms α-FeOOH and the micro-area PH value is above 5.4 during the initial corrosion period. While the component of the rust layer for the carbon steel is mainly Fe3O4 and the micro-area PH value is below 3.8.     

稀土对低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性的影响

研究了在江津地区暴晒2年低碳钢和稀土钢的大气腐蚀行为。结果表明:稀土可以有效提高低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性,试验钢的腐蚀数据符合动力学模型D=Atn。采用扫描电镜、极化曲线、XRD及Fourier变换红外光谱等手段对腐蚀产物进行研究。发现稀土能促进稳定的保护性腐蚀产物α-FeOOH生成,降低锈层中具有反应活性的Fe3O4含量;并可以增加锈层致密性。从锈层反应的角度阐述了稀土提高低碳钢耐蚀性的机理。     

E690海洋平台用钢力学性能和海洋大气腐蚀行为

以传统的E36海洋平台钢为对比钢,研究三种E690海洋平台钢的组织和力学性能,以及模拟海洋大气环境下的腐蚀行为.通过失重法测得实验钢在不同腐蚀时间下的腐蚀速率,利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪观察并测定了锈层的形貌特征和相组成,采用电子背散射衍射技术对实验钢的晶界类型进行分析.结果表明:以贝氏体组织为特征的E690海洋平台钢具有优异的力学性能,-40℃的冲击值超过了200 J;晶界类型主要为3°~15°的亚晶界和大于50°的大角度晶界;E690海洋平台钢周浸16 d后的锈层致密且腐蚀速率已趋于稳定,最低腐蚀速率为0.84 mm·a-1,远低于组织为铁素体+珠光体钢的1.4 mm·a-1,实验钢的锈层主要由Fe₃O₄、α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH及γ-FeOOH四种晶态相和非晶无定形物组成.通过分析得出,热处理工艺和组织构成对材料的初期腐蚀行为有重要影响,而化学成分和锈层自身的致密性对材料后期腐蚀行为起决定作用.      

Cr对流动NaCl溶液中普碳钢锈层特征的影响

对碳钢和耐蚀管用含Cr低合金钢进行流动加速腐蚀实验,研究了实验钢在流动腐蚀性条件下的锈层结构以及Cr元素对锈层的影响机理.利用极化曲线、SEM、TEM及XPS等分析手段研究了Cr元素对实验钢耐流动加速腐蚀性的影响,以及含Cr钢内锈层的腐蚀形貌,深入分析了Cr在内锈层中的分布及存在状态.结果表明,含Cr钢内锈层致密均匀,Cr元素在内锈层中富集并以Fe2CrO4的形式存在.Fe2CrO4细小的颗粒尺寸是形成致密内锈层的原因,致密的内锈层对基体具有很好的保护作用.