瞬态电场测量系统的研制与试验

针对瞬态电场的测量,研制了一款以基于MSP430系列微处理器为核心,应用高速模数转化芯片与高速存储器的测量系统,所用球形探头具有体积小、功耗低、可编程和测量范围可调的特点。通过试验验证和改进,该测量系统能够满足电力系统中的电场测量要求。     

克尔光—电场图测量

本文论述了克尔光-电场图测量的原理、方法和应用。它是一种安全、可靠、直观有效的高压电场测量方法。     

光纤传感器在高压测量中应用的新发展

光纤传感器在许多领域得到了广泛的应用，但在高电压测量中的应用还处研制阶段。光纤电流及电压互感器是一种新兴技术，本文对此方面国际上的新研究成果及发展情况进行了较详尽的介绍和分析。     

新型直流高压光纤测量数字系统

本文介绍一种采用双积分A/D实现的直流电压光纤测量数字系统。它既不同于以往的采用V/F转换,亦不同于采用A/D加并串转换来传输的系统。具有精度高、功耗低、单光纤及电路简音可靠等优点。在1200kV的冲击电压发生器的高压端实测过,在全波相载波作用下均能安全可靠地工作。     

数字示波器在高压测量中的应用

介绍了数字示波器在高压测量中应注意的问题以及抗干扰措施，实测了数字示波器的干扰水平，举例说明了数字示波器在高压测量中应用的效果。     

便携式工频电场测量装置的设计

为了了解设备表面和内部的工频电场,从而更好地研究设备运行的状态及优化改进设备,笔者介绍了一维球型电场传感器的测量原理,设计了一种基于C8051F410单片机的便携式工频电场测量装置,讨论了不同形状及规格电场探头对测量结果的影响并完成了电场探头的选型。在500 kV交流输电线下方和实验室简化同心圆球电极内使用该装置与国外标准仪器进行了对比测量,现场测试结果表明该装置测量数据与国外仪器相比具有较大的相关度,能准确地测量电力系统工频电场,具有很好的实用性。     

光纤在浓度测量中的应用

本文分三部分。第一部分论述了光纤测量浓度的原理。第二部分介绍了利用光纤探头与微机相结合构成数字显示微机控制光纤式浓度计。这种浓度计的特点是测量快速、准确、安全、可靠。文章最后部分介绍了光纤式浓度计在浓度测量中的应用。     

电光效应光纤电压传感器及其在高电压测量中的应用

本文介绍了电光效应光纤电压电场传感器的结构及测量系统,并对系统设计的几个问题进行了讨论。     

用于电力系统状态监测的光纤电场测量系统

论述了用于电力系统状态监测的光纤电场传感器的测量原理 ,给出了测量系统的光路结构。应用所设计的装置实测交变稳定电场 ,实验表明 ,测量系统线性度良好 ,约0 .3% ,几乎无迟滞误差 ,相对误差 <± 0 .5 % ,稳定性良好 ,满足电力系统或电器设备检测电场的要求。     

光电传输系统在电力系统测量中的应用

相对于传统的采用电缆传输测量信号的方式,采用光电传输系统传输测量信号具有良好的绝缘性能和抗电磁干扰特性,因而其在电力系统测量领域具有广阔的应用前景。光电传输系统一般由发射电路、光纤和接收电路三部分组成,根据信号调制和解调方式的不同,在电力系统测量中可将光电传输系统分为调幅方式、压频(V/F)转换方式和模数(A/D)转换方式三种。本文在介绍光电传输系统组成及结构的基础上综述了这三种方式的光电传输系统在电力系统电压、电流、电场强度、泄漏电流以及雷电流等测量中的应用,并分析了光电传输系统应用于电力系统测量中需进一步解决的一些问题。相信随着技术的进步以及电力自动化的发展,光电传输系统在电力系统测量中必将得到越来越广泛的应用。     

Pockels high-voltage measurement system

The practical use of optical sensors to measure direct high voltages can be limited by their high sensitivity. A new optical high voltage measurement technique for applying to high voltage levels up to 400 kV in a wide bandwidth between DC to 30 MHz is developed. A prototype of the optical voltage transformer is assembled using Pockels crystals in a multisegmented arrangement, a super luminescent diode (SLD) light source and a special optical fiber link. A good performance of linearity and accuracy is obtained for DC, AC, lightning impulse and step voltage measurements, In addition, an excellent agreement is observed between the measured and predicted values     

高压电气设备绝缘在线监测系统的研究

介绍了高压电网电气设备绝缘性能在线监测方案，提出了面向对象的在线监测电气设备及参数的单元设计方法。通过监测电容性设备介质损耗(tanδ)、氧化锌避雷器阻性电流、变压器铁心电流和变压器油中各气体的含量来判断电气设备的绝缘性能。     

Calculation of the electric field for lined-up spherical dielectric particles

This paper calculates the electric field in arrangements of dielectric particles. An analytical method is presented in the paper. The method repetitively inserts monopoles and multipoles until all the boundary conditions are satisfied, so that unlike the existing methods, it does not require setting up a linear equation system in the calculation. It can be applied to various types of energization such as a uniform field, spherical electrodes, or planar electrodes. The method and the BEM, a numerical method, have been utilized to investigate the effects of the particle number and particle permittivity. The authors have compared the results by the analytical method with those by the numerical method, and found that the accuracy of the numerical method greatly varies from less than 10/sup -4/% to more than 2%, depending on the condition of the calculation arrangements.     

脉冲电场灭菌用固态高压开关的研制

针对脉冲电场灭菌技术对开关性能的特殊要求,提出了利用IGBT串联构成高压、大容量固态开关的技术。设计并实际制造出了可供高压脉冲电场灭菌用额定电压10 k V的固态高压开关。该开关采用8个1 700 V、400 A的IGBT串联,以栅极动态RCD为基本均压方式,以FPGA为主控单元,产生8路相对独立的基准控制脉冲,其脉宽、周期、延时均可调节,且以25 ns为步进调节。通过调节各路驱动信号的相对延时,使各单元分压均匀,消除过压影响,从而在负载端得到较为理想的方波脉冲。采用光纤隔离,使隔离电压不受限制。实验结果表明,该装置性能良好,可以满足脉冲电场灭菌的实际需求。     

边缘电场传感器测量系统的设计与实验

边缘电场传感器是一种电容式传感器,由于具有单边穿透、信号强度可调及层析成像等优点,被广泛应用于工业过程控制中非接触测量。选择叉指型电极传感器为研究对象,分析传感器集总参数等效电路,设计测量系统的调理电路和驱动电路,基于LabVIEW平台构建测量系统,实现驱动信号产生、信号采集和预处理、扫频测量及计算等功能。对不同介电常数的样本进行检测,实验表明,该测量系统具有较好的灵敏度和低频测量精度。     

基于空间电场效应的高电压测量装置的研究

本文在对一种基于空间电场效应的电容分压器的电场进行计算分析的基础上,讨论了这种新型电容分压器的安装位置与高压探头对地分布电容间的关系,椭球形和圆球形高压探头的电场分布情况以及测量不同电压等级时高压探头球体的最小半径等问题,设计了电容分压器的结构及参数。作为该新型电容分压器的一种应用,设计了一套完整的高电压测量装置。试验表明,该装置具有较好的测量精度和响应特性,信号波形的再现能力较为理想,适用于电力系统中高压输电线路等设备的暂态高电压信号的现场试验测量。     

下一代网络在电力系统中的应用

介绍了电力通信网的发展现状,提出运用下一代网络解决电力通信业务分离、难以实现融合的问题。结合电力通信网的特点和中长期规划,论述了下一代网络的基本组成、技术特点及其在电力通信网中应用的优越性,探讨了以软交换技术为基础的下一代交换网络和以ASON技术为基础的下一代传输网络的应用策略,指出NGN技术应用的核心问题是网络的服务质量。     

Optimization of high-voltage self-blast interrupters by gas flow and electric field computations

Self-blast interrupters have the advantage of operating with low mechanical energy as they build up the pressure of the arc extinguishing gas flow from the thermal energy of the arc. This creates a higher pressure, but also a higher gas temperature than in interrupters with mechanical compression. Detailed flow field and electric field computations are necessary to achieve under such conditions the energy removal and dielectric recovery in view of an increase in breaking capacity and voltage rating. In particular, the optimization of the electric field/gas density distribution E//spl rho/ is a tool to improve the short-circuit and capacitive current breaking performance.     

舰船电场测量中低噪声放大电路的设计

在舰船电场测量中,由于电场信号频率极低而且很微弱,利用现有检测设备难以测量,关键在于前置电路的噪声性能较差。本文针对舰船电场信号的特点,设计了一种由分立元件构成的极低频低噪声前置放大电路。该电路结构简单合理,同时具有良好的噪声性能,适于低内阻信号源的低噪声放大。文中给出了详细的分析和电路实现。该电路通过理论计算及pspice验证,等效输入噪声电压仅为1.49nV/Hz～1/2。     

Dynamic analysis of motion of spherical metallic particles in non-uniform electric field

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the dynamics of motion of spherical metallic particles under non-uniform fields for direct-current gas-insulated switchgear (dc GIS) and for electrostatic separators/sizers (ESS). The particle equations of motion between a pair of diverging conducting plates are numerically solved in three dimensions using a computational algorithm. The upper plate is energized by HV dc or HV ac of variable frequency, while the lower one is grounded. In the case of ESS, the lower electrode is also mounted horizontally on a vibratory conveyor. The results reveal that the particle exhibits several phenomena during motion depending on its initial position, radius and density, angle between the diverging plates, tilt angle of the electrode system, and frequency and amplitude of the applied voltage. The influence of vibratory-conveyor variables on the separation/sizing process is studied in the light of the particle trajectory in the third dimension. Moreover, the results are interpreted using dimensional analysis. The use of HV ac causes the separation/sizing process to be imprecise; the higher the applied-voltage frequency and the larger the particle radius, the higher is the risk of breakdown. Depending on the tilt angle and orientation of the earthed electrode relative to the divergent angle between the electrodes, particle trapping can be helped or hindered. Therefore, several factors should be taken into consideration in the design and installation of the particle drivers and traps in GIS. Finally, the effects of dielectric coating on the electrode and of gas pressure on the particle trajectory are also studied.