活性嫩黄K-6G的水解及醇解动力学研究

 针对活性染料在纤维上染色的动力学性能,研究不同条件下一氯均三嗪型活性染料活性嫩黄K-6G(C.I.Reactive Yellow 2)在甲醇碱性水溶液中的醇解和水解反应动力学,并确定了pH值为10时,不同温度下该染料的醇解与水解反应速率常数。研究表明,在80℃,pH值为9～12之间,醇解效率随时间延长逐渐变少,且pH值越高,醇解效率减少的越快, pH值的升高不利于醇解反应进行,即染料的醇解反应优先性下降;在50～70℃,甲醇化反应占相对优势,其速率为水解速率的2～3倍;80～95℃,甲醇化反应速率常数和水解速率常数基本相等。同时实验中还发现染料的醇解和水解反应都是准一级反应。     

双一氯均三嗪基团活性染料与分散染料一浴法浸染探讨

本文探讨了双一氯均三嗪基团的ＫＥ型等活性染料与分散染料对涤绵混纺产品作一浴法染色的应用工艺，及其一浴法染色时对分散染料品种，助剂等的选择，提出了该二类染料作一浴法染色的特点和工艺要求。     

氟三嗪活性染料水解反应动力学研究

本文采用氟离子选择性电极研究了氟三嗪活性染料Ｆ３Ｒ的水解反应动力学，得到一系列水解动力学数据。测定了由于染料阴离子存在对电极响应的影响。     

双卤代均三嗪活性染料水解反应机制及其动力学

采用反相离子对高效液相色谱研究双卤代均三嗪活性染料(包括双一氯均三嗪活性染料活性红KE-3B和双一氟均三嗪活性染料活性红LS-2G)的水解反应.从双卤代均三嗪活性染料的水解反应机制、色谱峰的定性分析、动力学参数的计算等方面进行探讨,并测试了90℃下,pH值为11.0时双一氯均三嗪活性染料活性红KE-3B和80℃下,pH值为11.0时双一氟均三嗪活性染料活性红LS-2G的水解性能,获得了染料的双卤代均三嗪形式和一卤代一羟基双均三嗪形式的水解速率常数.结果表明,80℃下双一氟均三嗪活性染料活性红LS-2G的反应性约是90℃下双一氯均三嗪染料活性红KE-3B的3.4倍;2种双卤代均三嗪活性染料中第1个卤原子的反应均导致第2个卤原子的钝化,反应速率降低;且染料反应性的高低主要是由第1步反应的速率决定的.     

双一氯均三嗪基团活性染料与分散染料一浴法浸染探讨

本文探讨了双一氯均三嗪基团的ＫＥ型等活性染料与分散染料对涤棉混纺产品作一浴法染色的应用工艺，及其一浴法染色时对分散染料品种、助剂等的选择。提出了该二类染料作一浴法染色的特点和工艺要求。     

双卤代均三嗪活性染料及其水解产物的 HPLC 分离方法的建立

为了研究双卤代均三嗪活性染料的水解反应,首先采用反相离子对高效液相色谱对双卤代均三嗪活性染料及其水解产物进行了色谱分离。从双卤代均三嗪活性染料的选择、色谱柱的选择、流动相的选择和优化、柱温的确定等方面,探讨了对称结构双卤代均三嗪活性染料及其水解产物的HPLC分离方法的建立过程,利用该方法对双一氟均三嗪活性染料活性红LS-2G及双一氯均三嗪活性染料活性红KE-3B的水解产物进行了分离,得到了较好的分离效果。     

Natural Fermentation of Lentils: Influence of Time,Concentration and Temperature on the Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Inositol Phosphates

Lentil (Lens culinaris var vulgaris) flour was naturally fermented for 96 h at various conditions of concentration (79, 150 and 221 g litre⁻¹) and temperature (28°C, 35°C and 42°C). The content of total inositol phosphates (IP-total) and individual inositol phosphates (hexa- (IP₆), penta- (IP₅), tetra- (IP₄) and tri- (IP₃) phosphates) were analysed to establish the changes of these compounds during natural fermentation of lentils. The preparation of the lentil suspension brought about 16–27% reduction of the total inositol phosphates. At the end of 96 h of natural fermentation maximum IP loss (70–75%) was achieved for an experiment carried out at minimum concentration. For IP₆, the largest decrease was achieved at the highest temperature, the fermentation condition that also brought about the highest IP₅ content.     

C．I．活性紫5在低温下的水解性能

应用高效液相色谱对C.I.活性紫5在低温30℃条件下的水解性能进行了研究,结果表明,在低温条件下,随着pH值的增加,硫酸酯型染料向乙烯砜结构染料转化的速率及乙烯砜结构染料的水解速率均逐渐增大.在pH9、pH10缓冲液中,乙烯砜型结构染料水解速率接近;而染料在pH11的缓冲液中的水解速率是在pH10缓冲液中的3倍多.就该染料的水解特性而言,在低温染色时,应将染浴pH值控制在10左右.     

碱预处理对改性棉活性染料可染性的影响

研究碱预处理后，用ＤＭＡＣ处理的棉纱进行活性染料染色的可染性，以及影响染色棉纱色强度的因素，结果表明本法比用ＤＭＡＣ处理而未经碱预处理染色棉纱的色强度高，而且得色率也高。     

Influence of Ultrasonic Radiation on the Dyeing of Cotton Fabric Using Reactive Yellow 145 Dye

Ultrasonic (US) radiation has a promising effect in textile processing due to its eco-friendly nature, rapid, cost and time effective tool. For the present study, the cellulosic fabric and dye solution were irradiated with ultrasonic (US) radiation for different times (10–60 min.). Dyeing was performed using nonradiated and irradiated cellulosic with nonradiated and irradiated Reactive Yellow 145 dye. Different dyeing parameters such as temperature, pH, material to liquor ratio and time were optimized using irradiated dye and irradiated cotton. It is found that US treatment of dye solution for 20 minutes gives good color strength by dyeing un-irradiated fabric at 70 °C, for 35 min using dye bath of pH 9 in the presence of 5 g/100 mL of salt as exhausting agent keeping 40 mL of dye volume. Colorfastness properties of fabrics dyed at optimum condition of various shades show that US treatment has improved the grading of fastness from fair to good. It is found that US irradiation had not only enhanced the strength of dye on irradiated fabric but also improved the dyeing properties. It is also concluded that US treatment has not only reduced the dyeing time, temperature but also reduced the amount of salt and dye volume used, which is the proof that this tool is cost, time and energy effective.     

Influence of Temperature and Time on Cooking Kinetics of Potatoes

To study cooking kinetics, slices (6 mm thick, 30 mm diameter) of 3 potato varieties were treated in water at 90°, 100° and 110°C for varying times. Sensory, chemical and physical properties were investigated. Changes during cooking at constant temperature were mathematically described by a 0 order (texture, taste) and a 1st order (shear force, dry matter, pectin, soluble amylose, cell size) equation. The starch content remained constant. Temperature dependence of the rate constant could always be described by a first order equation. The z-values, which are necessary to calculate Cvalue for practical heat treatments, could be determined. Correlations established between kinetics of different properties showed that behavior of certain potato properties may be predicted by shear-force measurement.     

浅谈提高活性黑S-RE染色牢度

采用以Shenxinfix S-RE活性黑为主染料染黑色织物，各项牢度指标均有所提高，从而克服了采用一般活性染料染黑色，干、湿摩擦和白布沾色等牢度差的缺点。     

影响活性染料日晒牢度因素的探讨

在活性染料染色过程中，活性染料日晒牢度会因拼色染料品种和染料浓度不同而受到影响。在后处理过程中，固色剂的类型对活性染料日晒牢度的影响最大。织物结构对活性染料的日晒牢度基本没有影响。     

甘蔗渣活性氧脱木素及其对纤维素酶解的影响

本文以温度、氧压、H2O2浓度和镁基氧化物的用量作为单因素实验条件,采用活性氧对甘蔗渣进行脱木素,然后进行纤维素酶解实验.探讨活性氧脱木素的效果及其对酶解效果的影响.结果表明,甘蔗渣经过活性氧脱木素后,木素脱除率高达96.23％,酶水解得率达到52.36％.甘蔗渣经过活性氧预处理后,大量木素脱除,有利于纤维素酶水解.     

戊二醛交联壳聚糖树脂的性能表征及其吸附性能研究

文章以壳聚糖为原料,选用戊二醛为交联剂制备壳聚糖吸附树脂。从失重率、含水率、保水率、孔度值、电子扫描显微镜照片、红外光谱等方面对壳聚糖树脂进行了表征。并利用壳聚糖树脂处理吸附活性染料,研究废水的吸附性能,测试了树脂的再生吸附能力。结果表明,壳聚糖交联树脂和经脱吸再生后的树脂对印染废水具有良好的脱色能力,而且脱吸再生次数可达8次。     

Effect of the Polymerization Degree,Moisture Content,and Temperature on Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Corn Starch by Alpha-Amylase

Effect of the polymerization degree, moisture content, and temperature on kinetics of hydrolysis of corn starch by α-Amylase was studied. The degree of hydrolysis of the corn starch by α-amylase at low moisture content was shown to be strongly dependent on the initial starch polymerization degree and the thermodynamic activity of water in the system.