掺氟聚磷酸钙生物陶瓷的合成与特性研究

在新型生物陶瓷聚磷酸钙中掺入氟离子,研究氟对聚磷酸钙陶瓷的晶体结构以及化学键的影响。本研究以氟化氨作为掺杂试剂,通过掺杂不同含量的氟,研究其物理性能的变化,如弯曲强度、气孔率等。研究表明,氟元素的引入可以改变聚磷酸钙的晶型和力学性能;掺入一定量氟的聚磷酸钙陶瓷具有在骨组织工程上作为骨修复材料在临床应用的可能性。     

锂离子电池用聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯基微孔聚合物电解质的研究进展

聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯基微孔聚合物电解质是当前锂离子电池材料的研究热点之一,介绍了聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯基微孔电解质膜的制备方法如萃取法、直接法、静电纺丝法和倒相法,但制备出的微孔聚合物电解质膜存在性能上的缺陷,无机填料的掺杂能有效改善聚合物电解质膜的机械性能和离子电导率,概述了无机填料的种类,并介绍了无机填料的添加方法和改性方法。最后对聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯基聚合物电解质的发展趋势做出了展望。     

Mn离子掺杂对Ba_(0.2)Sr_(0.8)Zr_(0.18)Ti_(0.82)O_3陶瓷烧结和电学性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法制备x Mn-Ba0.2Sr0.8Zr0.18Ti0.82O3(BSZT)(x=0mol%、1mol%、2mol%、3mol%)的陶瓷粉末,以传统工艺制备Mn离子掺杂的BSZT陶瓷。研究Mn离子掺杂浓度对BSZT陶瓷烧结特性、物相结构、介电性能、击穿场强以及储能密度的影响。结果表明,Mn离子掺杂降低了BSZT陶瓷的烧结温度,同时降低其介电常数以及介电损耗,提高了击穿场强和储能密度。在1400℃下烧结的2mol%Mn离子掺杂BSZT陶瓷较未掺杂BSZT陶瓷的烧结温度降低了100℃,相对密度为96.3%;1 k Hz处介电常数约为497、介电损耗为3.6%;最大击穿场强为12.595 k V/mm;最大储能密度为0.374 J/cm3。     

铜冶炼尾矿砂在污酸废水中固氟除氟的研究

介绍了某铜冶炼厂利用炉渣选铜后产生的尾矿砂对污酸废水进行除氟的试验情况,确定了最佳溶解条件和尾矿砂添加量.该冶炼厂将尾矿砂溶解于含氟污酸中,降低污酸中氟离子的腐蚀活性,并强化废水处理工序的絮凝沉降效果.试验表明:尾矿砂最佳溶解温度为50~60℃,溶解时间为1.0 h,尾矿砂最佳溶解粒径为300~400目,添加量为2.5~3.0 g/L.通过高氟污酸溶解尾矿砂,模拟现有污酸废水全流程处理工艺,中和上清液中ρ(F)在20~25 mg/L,除氟效果较为明显.     

电荷自补偿型稀土离子掺杂钛酸锶陶瓷的结构与储能特性研究

采用固相反应法制备了具有纯立方钙钛矿结构的电荷自补偿型稀土离子掺杂钛酸锶陶瓷,其化学式为Re_(0.02)Sr_(0.98)TiO_3(ReST,Re=Nd,Gd,Er)。SEM分析发现稀土离子掺杂能够有效地抑制晶粒生长。采用HP4292A精密阻抗分析仪、JJC9906-A介电强度测试仪及FMRL偏压测试系统测试了ReST陶瓷的介电性能,研究了不同种类稀土离子掺杂ReST陶瓷的储能特性。结果表明:电荷自补偿型ReST陶瓷的室温相对介电常数显著升高(ε_r2000@1 kHz)并具有较好的偏压稳定特性。与此同时,ReST陶瓷还具有较低的介电损耗(tanδ2%@1 kHz)及较高的电击穿强度(E_b150 kV/cm),适合于中高压固态储能介质材料的应用。     

医用双相磷酸钙陶瓷的制备工艺研究

医用双相磷酸钙（BCP）陶瓷是β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）和羟基磷灰石（HA）的复合体,其成分与骨矿物组成类似,在生理环境下能发生不同程度的降解,被组织吸收。通过化学沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石,然后通过可溶性钙盐和磷酸盐反应工艺制得的β-磷酸三钙,最后将二者进行机械复合而制得双相磷酸钙,将所得样品用X射线衍射仪（XRD）对样品进行了表征。结果显示：所得的双相磷酸钙中掺杂有β-焦磷酸钙,但是它的结晶较好,并且可以改善双相磷酸钙陶瓷的力学性能。     

离子液体/聚合物基复合材料的研究进展

离子液体作为一类新型化合物，因其独特的性质和功能在多个领域具有突出的应用潜力。目前，离子液体与聚合物的结合允许开发协同离子液体特性和特定功能聚合物的智能材料。聚偏氟乙烯是一种多用途的热塑性含氟聚合物，具有许多有趣的特性(如压电、铁电等电活性特性),受到广泛的关注。本文综述了近年来聚偏氟乙烯及其共聚物结合离子液体开发的复合材料在智能响应、致动器、环境电池及生物医学领域的应用。     

基于荧光强度比钙钛矿温敏材料的合成及表征

钙钛矿是指一类陶瓷氧化物,其分子通式为ABO₃。钙钛矿材料特殊的结构,在温敏材料方面具有潜在的应用前景,在近些年来得到了越来越多的关注。在钙钛矿材料中,所掺杂的铋Bi离子根据自身价态和基质的不同可以显示为不同的光色;所掺杂的铕Eu离子发光性质与基质的结构密切相关。不同基质的晶体场影响Bi离子和Eu离子的发光性能,丰富了发光特性。本文通过高温固相法合成钙钛矿结构类型化合物,并利用其发光机制作为测定温度的一种方法。     

多孔聚磷酸钙生物陶瓷的研究与应用

本文阐述了聚磷酸钙的国内外研究现状,初步揭示了聚磷酸钙生物陶瓷（CPP）的生物相容性和降解特性。现有的研究表明,聚磷酸钙的聚合度和晶型不同,降解速率也不同,为生物陶瓷可控降解提供了新的途径。聚磷酸钙属直链状无机聚合物,具有不完全结晶性。聚磷酸钙材料在生物相容性、降解性和力学性方面的综合优势,使其在骨修复材料领域格外受到青睐。     

高反射激光泵浦腔材料的研制

本研究制备了氧化铝陶瓷泵浦腔，并在其表面施上了掺杂具有激活和敏化作用的稀土元素的釉，以提高腔体釉面的反射率。试验中对只掺杂激活离子和掺杂了敏化离子及激活离子的样品的反射性进行了对比研究，发现掺杂稀土元素的釉能有效地提高氧化铝陶瓷的白度及反射率。     

Low temperature sintering of CaZrO3 using lithium fluoride addition

The effects of lithium fluoride on the sinterability, the microstructure and the low frequency dielectric properties of acceptor/donor-doped CaZrO₃ ceramics were investigated. The acceptor(Mn)/donor(W) doping was used to avoid CaZrO₃ reduction. Lithium fluoride was selected as a liquid phase sintering aid to lower the sintering temperature. The dielectric properties of CaZrO₃ ceramics with LiF additions are strongly dependent on the densification, the microstructure, and the reaction with LiF. CaZrO₃ ceramics without LiF addition sintered at high temperature display a high permittivity, low losses and a good behavior under an electrical field as a function of temperature. Using LiF, this dielectric can be sintered at 1000 °C to achieve theoretical densities of 91%, ε_r values of 31 and losses close to 0.4%. This low sintering temperature allows co-sintering with base metal, nickel and copper, for which scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy results are presented.     

Enhanced piezoelectric response and high-temperature sensitivity by site-selected doping of BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics

Effect of Zn site-selected doping on electrical properties, high-temperature stability and sensitivity of piezoelectric response for BiFeO₃-BaTiO₃ ceramics was investigated. The results revealed that the addition of Zn leaded to an evident modification of the microstructure. The B-site selected doping was a more effective approach in improving piezoelectric properties as well as their thermal stability than those of A-site selected doping. Moreover, the enhanced piezoelectric properties accompanying by excellent high-temperature stability and sensitivity in B-site selected doping ceramics were obtained. The microstructure, domain switching behavior and temperature-dependent piezoelectric response in Zn site-selected doping ceramics were investigated, and their relationships with improving piezoelectric properties and high-temperature stability were explored. These results showed that the B-site selected doping ceramics had excellent piezoelectric properties (d₃₃ = 192pC/N) along with a high-temperature stability (T_d = 450 °C).     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系透明玻璃陶瓷研究进展

透明玻璃陶瓷具有热膨胀系数可调、强度高、化学稳定性好的优点,且兼具透光/发光的特性,是一种在光学信息、生物技术、激光技术、红外遥感及民用照明等领域有着广泛的应用前景的新型功能材料。本文简述了玻璃陶瓷的透光机制,对形核剂、过渡金属离子及稀土离子掺杂MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂(MAS)系透明玻璃陶的析晶及透光/发光性能方面的研究进展进行了介绍,并简要分析了开发具备透光/发光性质的高结晶度MAS透明玻璃陶瓷材料存在的问题,最后展望了透明玻璃陶瓷的发展趋势与前景。     

(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3系无铅压电陶瓷材料研究进展

概述了近年来国内外(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3(BNT)基无铅压电陶瓷的研究近况。主要介绍BNT陶瓷及BNT基陶瓷的研究工作。通过非化学计量掺杂及A位空位的存在，使BNT基陶瓷的电性能得到了较大的提高。     

Bi掺杂Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3陶瓷的研究

本文采用传统的陶瓷工艺合成了Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3陶瓷,研究了Bi掺杂对材料参数ε、tanδ和E的影响,并探讨了相关的掺杂改性机理。结果表明：适量的Bi能够改善陶瓷的介电性能,同时细化陶瓷的晶粒尺寸。     

添加剂对钛酸镁陶瓷性能影响的研究进展

综述了添加剂对钛酸镁陶瓷性能影响的研究现状,烧结及介电性能等方面的进展。研究结果中可以看出,Bi2O3-V2O5、Co2O3、ZnO等氧化物及氧化物玻璃料的添加可以不同程度地大幅降低陶瓷的烧结温度。在Mg2TiO4中掺杂不同添加剂可适当改变其介电常数,满足其介电常数材料的应用需要;在MgTiO3中掺入不同添加剂可不同程度改变其介电常数,得到具有较高Q*f值且τf≈0的钛酸镁基陶瓷材料。从当前研究现状可以看出,掺杂改性是获得所需性能材料的强有力手段,也是今后对钛酸镁基陶瓷性能优化的主要研究方向之一。     

Effect of cesium and cerium substitution on the dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

In this study, CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) ceramics were doped with cesium and cerium atoms to possibly improve the electrical properties of these widely used ceramics. In all cases, pure phase perovskites were produced where cesium doping enhanced the grain growth and cerium doping produced grain growth inhibition. The cesium doping showed an improvement in loss tangent performance, in contrast to the cerium doping which showed a negative result. A high dielectric constant >15,000 with a dielectric loss lower than 0.06 was observed for cesium 2.0 mol% doped at high frequencies. These results were related to the change in microstructure and the properties of grain boundary after doping.     

Effect of incorporating two-dimensional transition metal Mo and photoelectric element Ga on micro-characteristic of chalcogenide-based ZnS/Se

There is a challenge to increase the application range of chalcogenide materials due to the fixed photoelectric properties and complex preparation process. To solves the problem, bulk ceramics with different doping ratios should be investigated. Here, the influence of the doping ratio of molybdenum MO and Ga oxide on the composition, structure, morphology and luminescence properties of bulk ceramics is studied, the optimal doping ratio in this range is determined by analysis of mass loss and volume shrinkage. The cubic crystal structure is confirmed by X-ray diffraction results. The results showed that molybdenum was successfully doped Mo into the matrix material is revealed by Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray fluorescence is used to study the composition ratio changes of bulk ceramics before and after sintering. The molecular structure model of Mo–ZnSe/ZnS with different concentration is constructed. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the spin orbits of Zn 2p and S 2p, as well as the +3 valences in terms of Mo and Ga. The optical performance is enhanced the light-emitting band is enlarged to the near infrared region. All the work suggest that this new compound has an improved micro-structural, optical and electrical properties. This research can provide theoretical and experimental reference for the doping research of chalcogenide materials and new optoelectronic devices.     

Nb5+掺杂改性CaBi4Ti4O15压电陶瓷的研究

采用传统固相烧结法,制备了CaBi4Ti(1-x)NbxO1(5x=0.00-0.05,CBT-N)系铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷。研究了Nb5+掺杂对CBT压电陶瓷压电与介电性能的影响。研究结果表明:添加Nb5+离子,改善了CBT陶瓷的烧结特性,提高了瓷体的致密度。Nb2O5的引入降低了CBT系列陶瓷的介质损耗,改善了陶瓷的压电与介电性能。当掺入量x=0.04(CaBi4Ti0.96Nb0.04O15)时制备的CBT基铋层状压电陶瓷具有优异的压电性能:d33=14pC/N,Qm=3086,εr=212,tanδ=0.0041,kt/kp=1.681。