水压柱塞泵配流盘阻尼槽结构优化及试验研究

针对水压柱塞泵U形阻尼槽的结构参数进行研究,通过流场仿真对比不同阻尼槽结构参数下水压柱塞泵的流量特性,确定水压柱塞泵的压力、流量脉动率最优的阻尼槽结构参数,从而降低水压柱塞泵的流体振动。仿真结果表明,在现有结构参数下当水压柱塞泵阻尼槽宽度设置为2mm、深度为0.8mm、配流盘预升/泄闭死压角为11.8°时,柱塞泵的压力和流量脉动率最小。开展了水压柱塞泵的振动试验,对比了阻尼槽优化前后的试验数据,试验结果表明优化后的阻尼槽结构能够有效降低水压柱塞泵的振动。     

Noise Reduction of an Axial Piston Pump by Valve Plate Optimization

Current researches mainly focus on the investigations of the valve plate utilizing pressure relief grooves. However,air?release and cavitation can occur near the grooves. The valve plate utilizing damping holes show excellent perfor?mance in avoiding air?release and cavitation. This study aims to reduce the noise emitted from an axial piston pump using a novel valve plate utilizing damping holes. A dynamic pump model is developed,in which the fluid properties are carefully modeled to capture the phenomena of air release and cavitation. The causes of di erent noise sources are investigated using the model. A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted to enhance the understanding of the e ects of the valve plate parameters on the noise sources. A multi?objective genetic algorithm optimization method is proposed to optimize the parameters of valve plate. The amplitudes of the swash plate moment and flow rates in the inlet and outlet ports are defined as the objective functions. The pressure overshoot and undershoot in the piston chamber are limited by properly constraining the highest and lowest pressure values. A comparison of the various noise sources between the original and optimized designs over a wide range of pressure levels shows that the noise sources are reduced at high pressures. The results of the sound pressure level measurements show that the optimized valve plate reduces the noise level by 1.6 d B(A) at the rated working condition. The proposed method is e ective in reducing the noise of axial piston pumps and contributes to the development of quieter axial piston machines.     

斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副流固耦合润滑机理研究

当斜盘轴向柱塞泵处于高压工况时，其配流盘会产生翘曲变形。基于弹性流体动力润滑理论，建立斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流副流固耦合模型，求解配流副润滑控制方程，分析了斜盘轴向柱塞泵缸体转速、缸体倾角、液压油黏度、配流副油膜厚度、配流副密封带宽度等工况与结构参数对其配流盘发生翘曲变形的影响。研究显示：斜盘轴向柱塞泵配流盘变形云图以腰形槽中心连线为轴线呈现一定的对称分布；配流盘高压侧外密封带区域变形最大，配流盘低压侧外密封带区域变形最小；在相同工况下，配流盘的材料与结构影响配流副油膜厚度与形状。     

轴向柱塞泵配流副润滑特性的研究进展

介绍了国内外有关轴向柱塞泵配流副润滑特性方面的研究成果，并进行了综合分析和比较。指出需借鉴国外现有的关于轴向柱塞泵配流副压力分布规律的理论，确定最佳剩余压紧系数，现有的配流副结构设计方法和理论依据需进一步完善。建立了轴向柱塞泵配流副润滑特性试验平台，可在不同压力、温度、转速、结构下测试配流副间隙并得出配流副润滑膜的形成及变化规律。通过润滑特性测试平台还可以确定最佳水液压柱塞泵配流副润滑结构和材料配对，为研制出性能良好的轴向柱塞式水液压泵奠定实验基础。     

Measurement of fluid film thickness on the valve plate in oil hydraulic axial piston pumps (I)-bearing pad effects-

The tribological mechanism between the valve plate and the cylinder block in oil hydraulic axial piston pumps plays an important role on high power density. In this study, the fluid film thickness between the valve plate and the cylinder block was measured with discharge pressure and rotational speed by use of a gap sensor, and a slip ring system in the operating period. To investigate the effect of the valve plate shapes, we designed two valve plates with different shapes : the first valve plate was without a bearing pad, while the second valve plate had a bearing pad. It was found that both valve plates behaved differently with respect to the fluid film thickness characteristics. The leakage flow rates and the shaft torque were also experimented in order to clarify the performance difference between the valve plate without a bearing pad and the valve plate with a bearing pad. From the results of this study, we found out that in the oil hydraulic axial piston pumps, the valve plate with a bearing pad showed better film thickness contours than the valve plate without a bearing pad.     

轴向柱塞泵降噪分析与研究

轴向柱塞泵在某平地机装机试用过程中出现啸叫的现象,通过原型泵和故障泵噪声对比测试分析,判断柱塞泵噪声异常是由于配流盘过渡区采用小孔阻尼引起的。根据对配流盘的计算分析、CFD仿真,认为配流盘过渡区小孔阻尼结构会导致柱塞腔较大的压力冲击,从而产生较大的流体噪声。将配流盘过渡区小孔结构改进为三角槽结构后,降噪效果得到显著的改善。     

柱塞倾角对球面配流副轴向斜柱塞泵流体特性的影响

运用CFD技术对球面配流副轴向斜柱塞泵的单柱塞腔内压力脉动、输出流量脉动以及配流盘对缸体作用力矩等重要性能进行研究,分析柱塞倾角与上述流体特性的关系,得到柱塞倾角对柱塞泵流体特性的影响规律。     

配流盘对轴向柱塞泵声振特性的影响

通过振动和噪声测试试验台,在两种不同的试验工况下,分别对轴向柱塞泵的表面振动速度和声压级进行了测试。使用傅里叶变换对测试数据进行处理,分析了不同试验工况下轴向柱塞泵的声振特性,探讨了振动速度和声压级之间的对应关系。然后对比了两种配流盘结构对声振特性的影响,给出了阻尼孔以及三角槽结构的配流盘的适用范围和各自的优势,为不同工况下轴向柱塞泵配流盘结构的选择提供了一定的参考。     

Design of port plate in gerotor pump for reduction of pressure pulsation

The pressure pulsation due to the gear geometry of the gerotor (generalized rotor) pump mainly occurs in an instant that the chamber of the gerotor enters the delivery port and leaves the suction one. Such a pressure pulsation may result in undesirable vibration and noise of pump components as well as cavitation in hydraulic system. Therefore, it is very important to examine the pressure characteristic of the gerotor pump at its design and analysis stages. In this paper, in order to reduce the pressure pulsation in the gerotor pump, the port plate with the relief grooves is designed by referring to as notch of vane pump and relief groove of piston pump. A series of the theoretical analyses on the pressure pulsation is performed in consideration of various design parameters of the port plate, including the installation positions of the port inlet/ outlet and the groove width, and the operating conditions such as rotational velocity and delivery pressure.     

Output characteristics of a series three-port axial piston pump

Driving a hydraulic cylinder directly by a closed-loop hydraulic pump is currently a key research area in the field of electro-hydraulic control technology,and it is the most direct means to improve the energy efficiency of an electro-hydraulic control system.So far,this technology has been well applied to the pump-controlled symmetric hydraulic cylinder.However,for the differential cylinder that is widely used in hydraulic technology,satisfactory results have not yet been achieved,due to the asymmetric flow constraint.Therefore,based on the principle of the asymmetric valve controlled asymmetric cylinder in valve controlled cylinder technology,an innovative idea for an asymmetric pump controlled asymmetric cylinder is put forward to address this problem.The scheme proposes to transform the oil suction window of the existing axial piston pump into two series windows.When in use,one window is connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and the other is linked with a low-pressure oil tank.This allows the differential cylinders to be directly controlled by changing the displacement or rotation speed of the pumps.Compared with the loop principle of offsetting the area difference of the differential cylinder through hydraulic valve using existing technology,this method may simplify the circuits and increase the energy efficiency of the system.With the software SimulationX,a hydraulic pump simulation model is set up,which examines the movement characteristics of an individual piston and the compressibility of oil,as well as the flow distribution area as it changes with the rotation angle.The pump structure parameters,especially the size of the unloading groove of the valve plate,are determined through digital simulation.All of the components of the series arranged three distribution-window axial piston pump are designed,based on the simulation analysis of the flow pulse characteristics of the pump,and then the prototype pump is made.The basic characteristics,such as the pressure,flow and noise of the pumps under different rotation speeds,are measured on the test bench.The test results verify the correctness of the principle.The proposed research lays a theoretical foundation for the further development of a new pump-controlled cylinder system.     

NOISE IDENTIFICATION FOR HYDRAULIC AXIAL PISTON PUMP BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

The noise identification model of the neural networks is established for the 63SCY14-1B hydraulic axial piston pump. Taking four kinds of different port plates as instances, the noise identification is successfully carried out for hydraulic axial piston pump based on experiments with the MATLAB and the toolbox of neural networks. The operating pressure, the flow rate of hydraulic axial piston pump, the temperature of hydraulic oil, and bulk modulus of hydraulic oil are the main parameters having influences on the noise of hydraulic axial piston pump. These four parameters are used as inputs of neural networks, and experimental data of the noise are used as outputs of neural networks. Error of noise identification is less than 1% after the neural networks have been trained. The results show that the noise identification of hydraulic axial piston pump is feasible and reliable by using artificial neural networks. The method of noise identification with neural networks is also creative one of noise theoretical research for hydraulic axial piston pump.     

基于全空化模型的高压柱塞泵配流盘空化研究

空化是影响轴向柱塞泵性能的主要因素之一, 将引起轴向柱塞泵的内部冲击和噪声, 甚至失效等问题。采用Pumplinx建立轴向柱塞泵内部流体域动态模型, 仿真分析了轴向柱塞泵配流盘吸油口卸荷槽和腰型槽内部流场速度、压力及空泡随时间的变化规律。研究结果表明, 空化不仅影响配流盘卸荷槽的高低压过渡区, 而且对配流盘吸油口侧的腰型槽内壁同样会产生严重影响。通过对比斜盘轴向柱塞泵在35 MPa全排量工况下, 耐久性试验过程中出现的配流盘吸油口腰型槽内壁表面金属剥蚀区域, 验证了仿真结果的准确性。     

液压轴向柱塞泵降噪研究进展

对国内外液压轴向柱塞泵的各种降噪方法和目前的研究情况进行了综述。介绍了液压轴向柱塞泵噪声产生的主要原因及机理，对纯预压和减压式配流盘，配流盘带有节流孔，配流盘带有三角槽，配流盘带有单向阀，泵缸体带有弹性环和柱塞空心孔内安装有蓄能器这几种结构形式，从工作原理，结构特点和降噪效果上进行了分析，对液压轴向柱塞泵的降噪方法提出了建议。     

The kinematic analysis of axial-piston pumps

This investigation describes the kinematics of axial hydraulic pumps with spherical ended pistons. The results, however, apply to the basic kinematics of all axial piston pumps. The current hypothesis is that sliding at the piston/swash plate interface contributes to the wear of these parts. The analysis concludes that sinusoidal sliding is inherent at the piston/swash plate contact point, and that its magnitude is a function of the pump design variables. Therefore, manipulation of the basic design variables of the pump is the key to controlling the amount of sliding and related wear at the contact point.     

球面配流对轴向柱塞泵性能影响的研究

为了对比分析球面配流与传统平面配流对轴向柱塞泵性能的影响,运用曲面造型技术建立基于球面配流的柱塞泵整体流域几何模型。在此基础上,采用动网格模拟缸体柱塞腔的轴向往复运动及旋转运动,利用计算流体动力学技术基于全空化模型对柱塞泵整体流域进行分析,分析了球面配流与平面配流对柱塞泵的压力流量脉动、空化现象等方面的影响。分析结果得出:在柱塞泵空化程度的影响方面二者差异很小,在配流过程中球面配流更加稳定,其压力、流量脉动率均优于平面配流。     

减振槽型式对转向叶片泵配流冲击的影响

动力转向叶片泵的噪声对汽车舒适性产生不利影响，其中配流冲击是叶片泵的重要噪声源。优化减振槽结构是降低配流冲击的有效措施。从分析叶片工作腔压力变化出发，建立了预升压微分方程，计算了三种减振槽的预升压和压力梯度，给出了预升压和压力梯度曲线。结果表明，采用变截面和等截面减振槽并联而成的复合结构可以显著地降低配流冲击。     

Improvement of the low-speed friction characteristics of a hydraulic piston pump by PVD-coating of TiN

The hydraulic pump of an Electro-hydrostatic Actuator should be able to quickly feed large ume of oil into hydraulic cylinder in order to reduce the response time. On the other hand, it should be also able to precisely dispense small amount of oil through low-speed operation so t the steady state position control error of the actuator can be accurately compensated. Within the scope of axial piston type hydraulic pumps, this paper is focused on the investigation how the surface treatment of their cylinder barrel with TiN plasma coating can contribute to the reduction of the friction and wear rate of valve plate in the low-speed range with mixed rication. The results showed that the friction torque of the valve plate mated with a TiN-coated cylinder barrel could be reduced to 22% of that with an uncoated original one when load pressure was 300 bar and rotational speed 100 rpm. It means that the torque efficiency of the test p was expected to increase more than 1.3% under the same working condition. At the same time, the wear rate of the valve plate could be reduced to 40–50%.     

降低柱塞泵噪声问题的研究

本文主要分析了斜盘型轴向柱塞泵产生噪声的机理,指出了降低噪声的设计着眼点,推导了低噪声型配流盘阻尼孔及三角槽计算公式,并通过计算机求解了柱塞腔内液体压力的变化曲线。最后通过试验证实了设计方法的正确性。     

某型航空液压柱塞泵压力脉动优化设计

为解决飞机液压能源系统中液压柱塞泵压力脉动带来的危害,保证航空液压系统的工作稳定性,防止管路系统的损坏,以某型航空液压柱塞泵为研究对象,提出了基于配流盘包角和缓冲瓶容积的柱塞泵压力脉动优化设计方法,探究了柱塞泵压力脉动产生机理与配流盘包角设计原理。基于AMESim软件进行了柱塞泵压力脉动仿真分析,并通过试验进行了验证。结果表明:2号配流盘和240 mL缓冲瓶组合的压力脉动优化效果最佳。     

A study on the pressure ripple characteristics in a bent-axis type oil hydraulic piston pump

To improve the performance of a bent-axis type axial piston pump driven by tapered pistons, it is necessary to know the pressure ripple characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect on the pressure ripple characteristics, and to predict by comparing experimental and theoretical analysis results. The simulation model of a bent-axis type axial piston pump is developed in the AMESim environment using the geometrical dimension, and the driving mechanism of the piston pump, such as the stroke of pump, the velocity of piston, the instantaneous volumetric flow, the overlap area of valve plate opening to cylinder bore, the angle of notch, and so on. The results show that theoretical analysis results of the bent-axis type axial piston pump by using the AMESim approximate the pressure ripple characteristic of the test pump, and through this, simulations can be obtained that predict the performance characteristics of a bentaxis type axial piston pump.