中高沸水收缩率涤纶FDY生产工艺探讨

介绍了用国产纤维级聚酯切片，在常规FDY纺丝设备上生产中高沸水收缩率涤纶FDY。讨论了纺丝温度、热辊温度、拉伸工艺对FDY沸水收缩率的影响。实践表明：通过对设备的局部改造和适当的工艺调整，可生产中高沸水收缩率涤纶FDY。     

异收缩聚酯仿毛长丝纱性能研究

 在高速纺丝过程中对聚酯施以不同的拉伸倍数与温度,会造成纤维结晶度与取向度的变化,从而影响纤维的物理性能。通过对不同拉伸倍数及不同温度处理的POY的分析,探讨长丝纱的强度、伸长度及沸水收缩率等物理机械性质。     

纺丝工艺对并列复合聚酯纤维性能的影响

为对比不同纺丝工艺下牵伸和热处理方式等对并列复合纤维性能的影响,以常规聚酯(PET)和瓶级PET为原料,采用将预取向丝(POY)经过牵伸加捻(DT)制备POY-DT和一步法制备全拉伸丝(FDY)2种工艺纺制并列复合纤维,并对纤维卷曲性能、尺寸稳定性和不同热处理方式下的力学性能差异进行比较。结果表明:FDY的整体卷曲性能较POY-DT优异,且FDY的声速取向因子为0.87,明显优于POY-DT的0.43,二者结晶度均在30%左右;FDY经沸水处理后,即时沸水收缩率为8.3%,明显低于POY-DT的12.9%,但随着时间的延长,FDY收缩仍会继续发生,而POY-DT经沸水处理后,可得到尺寸相对稳定的纤维长丝;不同的热处理方式对纤维力学性能影响不同,POY-DT适合干热处理,FDY适合湿热处理。     

涤纶氨纶包覆纱性能测试与分析

研究涤纶氨纶包覆纱的性能.介绍了包覆纺纱机构并对外包涤纶长丝细度不同的7种涤纶氨纶包覆纱进行了拉伸和沸水收缩试验.结果表明:随外包涤纶长丝细度的增加,涤纶氨纶包覆纱的断裂强力逐渐增大,但是增大幅度却逐渐下降;断裂伸长率基本稳定;沸水收缩率先稳定而后出现减小趋势.     

一步法异染FDY与普通FDY的性能比较

为进一步优化异染FDY涤纶的纺丝工艺和改善异染FDY涤纶的质量提供理论依据,设计了不同规格的FDY,利用扫描电镜、声速纤维取向度测量仪、差式扫描量热仪和强力仪对其进行性能测试。结果表明:一步法异染FDY具有不均匀分布的粗节与细节,即普通FDY截面较为均匀,异染FDY纱线粗细不一,其取向因子值比普通FDY纤维略小,而其沸水收缩率大于普通FDY的沸水收缩率;材料的玻璃化温度、结晶温度和熔融温度的大小顺序均为普通FDY异染FDY细段异染FDY粗段;异染FDY的断裂伸长率比普通FDY大,其断裂强力相对下降。     

涤纶POY/FDY异收缩混纤丝技术进展及市场展望

在徐州斯尔克纤维科技股份有限公司攻克了一步法生产工艺及装备关键技术后,一步法涤纶POY/FDY异收缩混纤丝(ITY)成为目前的主要生产方式,在熔体直接纺丝装备上生产也成为可能。在解决了染整及后处理关键技术后,ITY在外套、衬衫、窗帘、帷幔等服装和家纺领域,特别是针织领域的应用迅速放大。本文对涤纶POY/FDY异收缩混纤丝的这一发展情况进行了较详细的介绍。     

双头纺33dtex/12f涤纶高收缩FDY的生产及探讨

介绍了运用双头纺技术,在嫁接PET纺丝生产线上生产33dtex/12 f涤纶高收缩丝的工艺技术特点,着重讨论了预结晶温度、时间、纺丝温度、拉伸定型等因素对高收缩丝生产及收缩性能的影响。     

拉伸工艺对涤纶FDY结构性能的影响

涤纶FDY是涤纶长丝的主要品种之一,在纺织领域中应用广泛,不同织物对涤纶FDY的性能要求不同。本文分别讨论了纺丝初速、热定型温度等工艺条件对涤纶FDY取向、结晶度、沸水收缩率、力学性能的影响。实验表明,生产优质涤纶FDY的合理工艺为:纺丝初速3 000~3 200m/m in、后拉伸倍数1.5~1.6、热定型温度140~150℃。     

纺丝工艺对聚酯全拉伸丝性能的影响

通过不同的纺丝工艺制备了线密度为40和84 dtex的聚酯全拉伸丝(FDY),研究了加捻、加热温度、纺丝速度及牵伸比等对FDY性能的影响,并研究了纤维的拉伸性能。结果表明:提高纺丝速度对丝的伸长率、CV值、U值和收缩率有显著影响,但对丝的强度没有显著影响。除了在纺丝过程中需要更高的纺丝速度和中度拉伸外,生产FDY的过程与生产预取向丝(POY)的相似。拉伸后产生的取向和结晶使丝性能稳定。连续聚合直接纺丝制得长丝,长丝的关键参数,如强度、伸长率、Uster系数和沸水收缩率,都受到密切监控和控制,并随后经加捻或上浆工序加工。     

低沸水收缩ECDP结构及性能研究

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、声速取向测量仪、单纱强力仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、偏光显微镜等对普通ECDP与低沸水收缩ECDP的结构性能进行测试和表征。结果表明:低沸水收缩ECDP纤维的结晶度和取向度都略高于普通ECDP纤维,断裂强度略有降低但基本相当,吸湿性能略低,其沸水收缩率有明显的降低,接近再生纤维素纤维的水平。     

Preparation and characterization of porous polyester fibres by salt leaching method

Porous polyester fibres with cotton-like dull characteristics were produced by salt leaching method. Polyester was synthesized in the presence of common salt. Fibres containing submicron size salt particles (0.5–1%) were prepared by melt spinning. The fibres were washed in hot water to remove the salt particles creating small craters of size 50–1000?nm. Partially oriented yarn (POY) and fully drawn yarn (FDY) were produced. POY samples were textured to produce polyester textured yarn containing salt particles. The influence of salt particles on polymer crystallization was investigated and found that the presence of salt significantly influences the rate of crystallization. The gloss values of porous FDYs were compared with standard semi-dull polyester yarns of same denier. The light scattering behaviour of the yarn has been enhanced due to porosity. This resulted in a fibre with better dullness characteristics. The light reflectance of porous yarn is lower in the 400–700?nm region compared to control FDY samples. The dyeability of the porous fibre was better than non-porous counterpart.     

摩擦空心纱的结构特点和拉伸性能

对以PVA短纤维纱为芯纱,棉纤维为外包纤维的摩擦包芯纱,通过水煮处理去除可水溶的PVA芯纱后,制得摩擦空心纱。对摩擦空心纱以及具有加强芯纱的摩擦空心纱的结构特点和拉伸性能进行了试验研究。摩擦空心纱的结构特点是空心部分位于纱线的中心,溶芯后纱线结构膨松,直径增大。试验结果表明溶芯后摩擦空心纱的强力很低,其原因为去除了高强力的芯纱,溶芯后纱线膨胀引起纤维间抱合力减小;用涤纶长丝作为加强芯纱可以显著提高摩擦空心纱的强力。     

SML：BCF丝的革新性纺丝设备

奥地利ＳＭＬ公司的纺丝生产线可以生产各种各样的长丝。在巴黎ＩＴＭＡ’９９上,ＳＭＬ公司展出了第一台用复丝来生产ＢＣＦ丝的设备－Ａｕｓｔｒｏｆｉｌ,这套设备会给生产商带来极大的便利。     

An approach to predict the tensile strength of a two-ply yarn from single filament yarn

It is considered that the strength of the ply yarn consisting of continuous filaments mainly depends on the properties of the single yarn and the cohesion forces among the single yarns, thus a mathematical model with relatively few parameters under given assumptions is established to predict the tensile strength of a two-ply yarn from single filament yarn. Relative relationships of the tensile force part and the interaction part are developed, respectively. The single yarn is tested to obtain fundamental data e.g. yarn strength and breaking elongation. After two strands of filament yarns are twisted into the ply yarns under different twist levels, the tensile strength, breaking elongation and structure parameters are measured or calculated for verifying the model later. Finally, the results show good agreement with the experimental values, and this model can be used to predict the performance of the finished strand yarns in actual productions.     

PTT纱线的力学性能及在无缝内衣上的应用

选择PTT纱线,PTT＋PET双组分纱线,与无缝内衣领域常用的锦纶和锦纶＋氨纶包芯丝共6种纱线,对比了它们在沸水处理前后的强力伸长特征和定伸长弹性特征,以及这6种纱线组合编织成的11种无缝内衣织物的弹性回复率。研究表明：PTT纱线的弹性优异,用其编织的无缝内衣产品的保形性好。     

自卷曲复合长丝PET/PTT纺丝工艺及性能

根据PET、PTT聚合物的特点,介绍了PET/PTT复合长丝的纺丝成形工艺,测试分析了PET/PTT长丝的截面与纵向形态、卷曲形态、热收缩率及其拉伸力学性能。实验结果表明：制得的PET/PTT长丝是以PET和PTT平行并列的双侧结构构成的复合长丝;该长丝经热处理后形成了永久性三维卷曲形态及结构;沸水处理后PET/PTT复合长丝的初始模量、断裂强度有所降低,断裂伸长增大;该复合长丝中PET与PTT的比例对其卷曲性能、弹性回复率、拉伸力学性能、沸水收缩率等都有较大的影响。     

Tencel纱线强伸性能探讨

通过实验比较分析了Tencel、粘胶、棉纱线的强伸性能，结果表明Tencel纱线湿强下降明显小于粘胶纱线，热处理后Tencel纱线的断裂强度、断裂伸长率有下降趋势，但小于粘胶纱线的变化量。     

集聚纱与非集聚纱的轴向应变及其对纱线拉伸性能的影响

通过试验重点研究了轴向应变对集聚纱拉伸性能的影响。拉伸性能主要涉及断裂强度、断裂伸长和断裂功。选择不同的应变速率和纱线夹持长度,对9.7 tex集聚纱和非集聚纱进行拉伸测试,然后根据Meredith试验过程绘制不同应变速率和夹持长度条件下各自的负荷-伸长曲线,同时测量各曲线三个区域的斜率。测试结果表明：两种9.7 tex的纱线（集聚纱和非集聚纱）随着应变速率的增加,断裂强度均增加,但当断裂伸长增加到一定程度,且在较高应变速率下,断裂强度有所下降;两种纱线随着夹持长度的增加,断裂强度和断裂伸长均降低;两种纱线的斜率随着应变速率的增加均增加,但随着夹持长度的增加而下降。试验还发现,非集聚纱的斜率变化较大,而集聚纱的斜率变化较小。     

Studies on cotton–acrylic bulked yarns and fabrics. Part I: Yarn characteristics

The effect of variables, namely yarn fineness, shrinkable acrylic proportion and twist level, on various properties of cotton–acrylic blended bulked yarns has been studied by relaxing shrinkable component of the yarns using boiling water treatment. A three-variable factorial design technique proposed by Box and Behnken was used to investigate the combined interaction effect of the above variables on the properties of these yarns. The design variables were optimized for all the yarn properties by using the response surface equations. The shrinkage percentage of yarn was found to be higher in the case of coarser yarn, yarn with higher proportion of acrylic fibre and higher twist level. During bulking treatment as the yarns shrink, the effective number of twist per unit length also increases significantly. It is observed that the specific volume of the yarn increases with an increase in the acrylic proportion and decreases with an increase in the twist factor. The breaking extension increases significantly after bulking with a slight increase in tenacity. The flexural rigidity and initial modulus of yarn considerably decrease on bulking. The vertical wicking heights for all the bulked yarns were found to be higher than comparable 100% cotton yarn.