A formal structure for discrete event simulation. Part II: Object-oriented software implementation for manufacturing systems

This paper describes the development of a prototype object-oriented software system for discrete event simulation and the embedded decision processes of a system being modeled based on previously defined formalism [1] and the Smalltalk programming language. The paper addresses the modular and structured representations of physical and logical entities of a manufacturing system for simulation modeling in the form of reusable software objects. The software takes advantage of the natural link between object-oriented programming and simulation and utilizes inheritance and other features of object-oriented programming to achieve modular yet uniform representation at every level of the model. After giving a brief overview of the object-oriented modeling environment and the relationships between software objects and formalism constructs, a small number of object classes and their operations are summarized. The intelligent entities of the formalism utilize a knowledge-based non-programmed decision mechanism implemented in Smalltalk.     

Behavioural representation and simulation of design concepts for systematic conceptual design of mechatronic systems using Petri Nets

The systematic representation of design concepts is an important requirement for computational support during the conceptual design stage within the process of product development. Behavioural simulation of design concepts is used as a systematic representation framework, and behavioural representation is based on modelling and simulating the behaviour of a design artefact at the conceptual level to perform an overall function, leading to behaviour-based conceptual design. The behaviour-based conceptual design approach is critical for mechatronic systems since they require synergistic integration starting from the initial conceptual design phase. The present study is focused on behavioural representation and simulation of design concepts via discrete event system specification formalism and Petri Nets so as to contribute to systematic conceptual design in mechatronic systems. The paper introduces a representation framework for the behaviour-based conceptual design of mechatronic systems and its implementation on five selected case studies, among laboratory-level educational robots. In addition to Petri Net modelling and computer simulations, the implementation also includes physical simulations of the intended operational behaviours for educational robots on a distributed physical structure called the ‘desktop design model’. In this paper, implementation on one of these case studies, namely the ‘frog robot’, is presented in detail.     

ProCAST软件在铸造凝固模拟中的应用

为研究铸造工艺对铸件质量的影响,利用计算机进行了铸件的凝固模拟.介绍了有限元软件Pro-CAST的组成模块、功能以及应用,在应用实例中利用ProCAST软件模拟预测了铸件砂铸工艺中产生的宏观缩孔缺陷.研究表明:铸件中存在模拟预测的宏观缩孔缺陷;对浇注系统和冒口设置参数进行了优化,优化后的工艺提高了铸件产量,降低了成本;模拟结果表明,铸造模拟软件ProCAST能够准确地预测铸件在充型凝固过程中可能产生的缺陷.     

10兆瓦高温气冷实验堆仿真和控制设计集成系统研究

开发了结构紧凑、扩展性强、人机界面友好的高温堆可视化仿真和控制集成系统HTRSC。它采用代码算法和模型数据分离的仿真建模方法，基于球床式高温气冷堆系统分析程序THERMIX，具有工程设计、控制研究、自动组态和过程仿真等多种功能，实现了高温堆仿真和控制系统可视化设计的有机结合。HTRSC不仅对HTR-10的设计、运行和培训具有实用意义，而且其建立思想和系统结构对其他堆型的仿真系统的研究也有相当的参考价值。     

A cross-disciplinary technology transfer for search-based evolutionary computing: from engineering design to software engineering design

Although object-oriented conceptual software design is difficult to learn and perform, computational tool support for the conceptual software designer is limited. In conceptual engineering design, however, computational tools exploiting interactive evolutionary computation (EC) have shown significant utility. This article investigates the cross-disciplinary technology transfer of search-based EC from engineering design to software engineering design in an attempt to provide support for the conceptual software designer. Firstly, genetic operators inspired by genetic algorithms (GAs) and evolutionary programming are evaluated for their effectiveness against a conceptual software design representation using structural cohesion as an objective fitness function. Building on this evaluation, a multi-objective GA inspired by a non-dominated Pareto sorting approach is investigated for an industrial-scale conceptual design problem. Results obtained reveal a mass of interesting and useful conceptual software design solution variants of equivalent optimality—a typical characteristic of successful multi-objective evolutionary search techniques employed in conceptual engineering design. The mass of software design solution variants produced suggests that transferring search-based technology across disciplines has significant potential to provide computationally intelligent tool support for the conceptual software designer.     

相关测速声呐海底回波仿真系统设计

相关测速声呐通过对回波数据的空间相关函数与空间相关函数理论公式进行模型匹配来获得载体速度等信息。回波空间相关函数的主瓣宽度影响载体的速度估计及精度。因此对海底回波空间相关函数特性的研究就显得尤为重要。依据相关测速声呐的工作特点,提出了采用Model-View-Controller(MVC)模式构建相关测速声呐海底回波仿真系统的设计方法,并基于VC 6.0软件开发平台将其实现。建立了友好的系统可视化仿真界面,为回波空间相关函数特性的研究提供了便利的平台。     

架构和模式在水声信息流仿真软件中的应用

水声信息流仿真软件系统涉及多目标、多声纳以及多变的海洋环境．仿真软件的复用性是现代软件工程的重要性能指标．针对系统开放性的特点，在领域分析模型的基础上，采用了面向对象方法设计仿真软件模型．为了满足软件多层次复用的需求，应用软件架构技术和设计模式设计仿真软件．根据水声信息流仿真软件需求，系统划分为四层结构；按功能，层又可分解为包．可复用的设计模式用于设计不同层和包中类之间的关系．提出的仿真软件模型具有良好的可扩充性与可复用性．     

自动装填机程序控制器模拟试验系统总体设计

本文着重讨论了某工程自动装填机程序控制器模拟试验系统，程序控制器是某工程自动装填机的核心部件。为了保证该部件的工作可靠性，降低试验成本，采用计算机集成控制与管理的可靠性模拟试验系数，对程序控制器进行带载的可靠性试验。该模拟系统由模拟试验总体方案设计，机械动作程序控制设计，负载模拟装置设计，通信接口设计及工况模拟和信息软件设计等组成。     

实时交互行为三维动画的设计技术

实时交互行为三维动画是主动式CAI软件的重要组成部分，本文通过作者开发的“基于Web的工程制图CAI软件－－立体的表达方法”为例，详细介绍了利用VRML2实现基于Web的实时交互行为真实三维动画的设计技术，该技术在远程教育、异地协同设计等方面具有重要的现实意义。     

A framework to integrate software behavior into dynamic probabilistic risk assessment

Software plays an increasingly important role in modern safety-critical systems. Although, research has been done to integrate software into the classical probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) framework, current PRA practice overwhelmingly neglects the contribution of software to system risk. Dynamic probabilistic risk assessment (DPRA) is considered to be the next generation of PRA techniques. DPRA is a set of methods and techniques in which simulation models that represent the behavior of the elements of a system are exercised in order to identify risks and vulnerabilities of the system. The fact remains, however, that modeling software for use in the DPRA framework is also quite complex and very little has been done to address the question directly and comprehensively. This paper develops a methodology to integrate software contributions in the DPRA environment. The framework includes a software representation, and an approach to incorporate the software representation into the DPRA environment SimPRA. The software representation is based on multi-level objects and the paper also proposes a framework to simulate the multi-level objects in the simulation-based DPRA environment. This is a new methodology to address the state explosion problem in the DPRA environment. This study is the first systematic effort to integrate software risk contributions into DPRA environments.     

人防地下室防护通风模拟软件开发

在人防地下室防护通风设计规范和相关资料的基础上,以VisualBasic和CompaqVisual Fortran等为工具,研究开发了"人防地下室防护通风模拟软件"。该软件操作界面简单,能自行生成一套较详细的设计计算书和主要设备材料表,适用于各种平战结合人防地下室的防护通风设计计算和校核计算,为防护通风设计提供了快速可靠的模拟工具。     

数值模拟在铸造中的应用进展

综述了铸造过程数值计算的基本理论,简要介绍了国际上优秀的铸造充型和凝固过程数值模拟软件的基本情况和产品特点,对国内相关软件的开发和厂家对模拟软件的选择有一定的启示作用。重点回顾了这些软件在实际铸造和研究中的应用进展,探讨了数值模拟的发展方向。同时指出合理地利用铸造模拟软件,能够优化铸件的微观组织,提高产品质量,降低产品成本,缩短产品设计和试制周期。     

液力式谐波减速器的液动力仿真研究

利Solidworks,Star ccm＋等CAE软件建立了谐波减速器波发生器中的流体模型并进行了仿真研究,得出达到波发生器的喷嘴出口压力所需输入的压力、流量,仿真结果有助于液力谐波减速器液压系统的设计。     

结合MATLAB仿真的可视化包装机械创新设计

机构设计是包装机械产品创新设计的重要环节,介绍了应用Solidworks三维机械设计软件和MATLAB的仿真进行机构设计的过程,在设计阶段,借助于Solidworks可视化模型,可以对机构的装配干涉和运动干涉检验作出检验,在此基础上,根据机构的几何特征和物理特征,由MATLAB仿真可进行机构的运动学和动力学分析.实例应用表明,Solidworks的三维表现和MATLAB仿真,做到了直观显示与复杂计算的统一,不失为一种好的设计方法.     

基于虚拟仿真技术的灌装生产线设计与仿真

目的 针对灌装生产线的设计与验证过程,基于虚拟仿真技术,实现灌装生产线的快速设计与验证。方法 首先通过分析灌装生产线的生产过程,利用SolidWorks三维建模软件分别对灌装生产线中的灌装机、搓盖机、贴标机、喷码机、装箱机等设备设计三维模型。然后将所有设备的三维模型导入Demo 3D仿真软件,进一步按照各设备的动作流程对模型进行动作设计及运动规划,构建灌装生产线虚拟仿真系统。最后根据设备功能和生产产能要求,在虚拟仿真系统中通过不断地调整设备机械结构及机构的运行速度,最终实现灌装生产线的快速设计与迭代优化。结果 得出灌装生产线的优化设计方案,并根据该设计方案研制出灌装自动生产线,生产线的产能为2400 瓶/h,满足企业要求。结论 该方法能够实现灌装生产线的快速设计与验证,缩短设计开发周期,减少设计和验证成本。     

雷达典型结构件快速设计系统的研究与开发

给出了雷达典型结构件快速设计系统的总体结构,并对系统功能进行了阐述.针对雷达零部件结构的相似性进行了归纳总结.对雷达典型结构件库的知识表示、参数化建模、知识库的集成、数据库的建立进行了研究.基于以上研究,开发了基于UG的雷达典型结构件快速设计系统.     

共轭凸轮的反求设计及仿真

目的将CAD技术融入包装机械中共轭凸轮机构的设计。方法论述凸轮机构设计理论基础,根据给定的从动件运动规律,基于Solid Works软件、Motion插件以及Excel软件通过实例对此类机构进行分析、求解及仿真。结果设计的精度达小数点后3位,仿真的结果和理论求解一致。结论设计的方法简洁准确,省去了繁琐的计算,较好地解决了此类机构的设计及仿真的难题。     

基于FPGA实现信号脉冲压缩

本文以软件无线电为指导,提出利用FPGA平台实现脉冲压缩雷达信号处理的设计方案。首先分析脉冲压缩雷达信号处理流程;然后采用模块化设计思想,分别多信号采集,脉冲压缩,信号提取和目标识别步骤进行分析与设计：最后在MATLAB与ISE软件上进行仿真并给出仿真结果。     

Manufacturing data analytics using a virtual factory representation

Large manufacturers have been using simulation to support decision-making for design and production. However, with the advancement of technologies and the emergence of big data, simulation can be utilised to perform and support data analytics for associated performance gains. This requires not only significant model development expertise, but also huge data collection and analysis efforts. This paper presents an approach within the frameworks of Design Science Research Methodology and prototyping to address the challenge of increasing the use of modelling, simulation and data analytics in manufacturing via reduction of the development effort. The use of manufacturing simulation models is presented as data analytics applications themselves and for supporting other data analytics applications by serving as data generators and as a tool for validation. The virtual factory concept is presented as the vehicle for manufacturing modelling and simulation. Virtual factory goes beyond traditional simulation models of factories to include multi-resolution modelling capabilities and thus allowing analysis at varying levels of detail. A path is proposed for implementation of the virtual factory concept that builds on developments in technologies and standards. A virtual machine prototype is provided as a demonstration of the use of a virtual representation for manufacturing data analytics.     

组件式塑料周转箱结构设计

目的设计卸货时更省时省力的塑料周转箱。方法运用Pro/E软件设计可折叠侧开式塑料周转箱和插板式塑料周转箱,利用Ansys Workbench软件仿真获得组件式塑料周转箱在静态和动态跌落过程的应力、应变和变形等情况。结果塑料周转箱的最大堆码应力发生在侧板底部,最大应变极其微小;角跌落时,应变主要集中在底板、侧板和连接轴上,底板与地面接触点的等效应力最大,其他的最大等效应力都很小。结论周转箱的设计满足强度要求,该设计方案可行。