一种相控阵雷达射频域自干扰对消方法

在相控阵雷达系统中,为了保证回波信号的正确接收,需要在接收阵元天线的射频前端对自干扰信号进行对消处理。随着雷达信号带宽的增加,其形成的自干扰信号的消除难度加大。针对该问题,提出了一种射频域自干扰分段对消方法。该方法利用同一个自干扰对消通道对不同时间段的自干扰信号进行对消处理。对带宽为300 MHz 的线性调频信号进行仿真验证发现:当抽头个数为4时,自干扰分段对消方法的性能可达50 dB,比抽头个数为7时的传统的多抽头对消方法高出18 dB。因此,相较于传统的多抽头对消方法,所提出的自干扰分段对消方法可以在更低的硬件复杂度下实现更高的对消性能。     

多抽头延迟设置与幅相误差对全双工射频自干扰消除的影响

对于多径自干扰信道场景下同时同频全双工(CCFD)无线通信系统,考虑射频域多抽头自干扰抵消技术,现有研究多集中于实验验证,缺少抽头个数与延迟设置、幅度和相位等参数对自干扰抵消性能的影响分析,不利于工程参数的选取。针对此问题,在已知抽头个数和延迟设置的情况下,该文给出各个抽头幅度和相位的求解方法,并推导了幅度和相位误差对自干扰抵消性能影响的理论表达式。分析与仿真表明,对于特定抽头个数,当最大抽头延迟小于自干扰信号主径延迟时,自干扰抵消值随着最大抽头延迟的增加而增加,而当最大抽头延迟大于约两倍自干扰信号主径延迟时,自干扰抵消值随着最大抽头延迟的增加而减少;对于特定抽头延迟范围,当抽头个数增加或自干扰信号带宽减少时,自干扰抵消值随之变大;对于特定的延迟设置,随着幅度或相位误差的增加,自干扰抵消值越来越小。     

一种线性化的全双工MIMO收发器设计

针对全双工MIMO收发器发射通道非线性以及接收通道存在强烈自干扰的问题,该文提出一种使发射通道线性化并通过射频多抽头重建与数字重建消除自干扰的具有较低硬件成本与软件复杂度的设计方案:(1)基于改进的串扰消除和数字预失真(CTC-DPD)算法并复用反馈通道进行去耦合和数字预失真使发射通道线性化、等增益;(2)在接收通道加入可调衰减器并用多维梯度下降法基于接收的残留自干扰功率最小原则调整抽头参数;(3)基于频域信道估计进行数字自干扰重建。实现的20 MHz带宽LTE全双工22 MIMO通信样机,发射通道经过线性化后带内更平坦,而带外噪声抑制了约30 dB。射频和数字消除一轮调整共耗时约0.17 ms,总消除能力约75 dB。16QAM映射时全双工双向数据速率总和220 Mbps,相对单向时的110 Mbps实现了频谱效率的翻倍。通信样机证明了该方案的可行性。     

同时同频全双工场景中的射频域自适应干扰抵消

考虑同时同频全双工无线收发信机的射频域自干扰抵消技术,现有研究多集中于利用手动方式调整自干扰估计信号的参数。针对这一问题,该文提出一种射频域的自适应干扰抵消算法。以正交、同相参考支路构成的自干扰估计结构为基础,利用梯度下降法搜索支路的最优权矢量,估计出自干扰信号,实现了射频域的自适应干扰抵消,并且给出了该算法的收敛性分析。分析与仿真表明,当迭代步长越大或统计时间越短时,算法的收敛速度越小。在100倍符号周期的统计时间,0.3的归一化步长,80 dB干信比以及0 dB信噪比的仿真条件下,该文提出的射频域自适应干扰抵消算法可以实现约100 dB的自干扰抑制。     

全双工射频自干扰改进时变步长NLMS对消算法

针对现有基于最小均方误差准则的全双工射频域自干扰对消算法存在收敛速度与干扰对消比相互制约的矛盾,提出一种改进时变步长归一化最小均方算法。该算法通过建立最小均方误差步长因子与改进时变sigmod函数的非线性关系,利用实时误差信号自相关和时间参量t协同控制步长因子μ(t),较好的兼顾了收敛速度与干扰对消比。分析与仿真表明:在干信比为80dB、步进间隔Δt=1/32ms、信噪比Eb/N0=10 dB的2FSK全双工系统模型下,该算法能够实现88dB的自干扰消除高出同类算法至少1.5dB且收敛速度和抗突发干扰能力提升显著。      

Cancellation performance of co-site antenna interference cancellation system for AM interference

The interference cancellation performance of actual co-site antenna interference cancellation system (CICS) under amplitude modulation jamming signal was analyzed.The expressions of the steady-state weights and theirs structure characteristics of the interference cancellation system under the AM signal were given.The formulae of the interference cancellation ratio (ICR) for carrier frequency and side frequency were derived.The influence factors and the influence rules of the ICR were analyzed.The steady state weights of the interference cancellation system (ICS) were the weighting of the carrier frequency optimal weights and the edge frequency optimal weights according to the power ratio.The increase of the signal bandwidth will increase the discreteness of the carrier frequency optimal weights and the edge frequency optimal weights and lead to the decrease of the interference cancellation ratio (ICR).The decrease degree of the edge frequency ICR was greater than that of the carrier frequency ICR.To improve ICR by increasing the gain was limited.The relationship between the interference cancellation ratio limit and the equivalent transmission delay was given.The design method of the interference cancellation system to improve the ICR under the AM signal was proposed.Finally,the correctness and validity of the theoretical analysis was verified by simulation.     

A Hybrid Domain Block Equalizer for Single-Carrier Modulated Systems

Poor performance in the presence of multipath with long delay spread has been considered as one of the main weaknesses of most single carrier modulated systems, including ATSC (advanced television systems committee) system. The introduction of distributed transmission network and single frequency network brings new challenges for the ATSC equalizer design, since the delay spread of a multipath channel under such scenarios becomes significantly longer than the traditional broadcasting practice of using one high power transmitter to cover a wide area, where the multipath distortion is mainly from reflected echoes. An iterative hybrid frequency-time domain equalizer for ATSC system is proposed in this paper based on our block-based interference analysis. The multipath distortion in the received ATSC signal is first tentatively removed with a frequency domain equalizer on a block-by-block basis. However, inter-block and intra-block interferences still exist due to the lack of cyclic structure in the received ATSC signal. A time domain interference cancellation algorithm is then used to cancel the inter-block interference and intra-carrier interference, based on the tentative decisions in time domain after the frequency domain equalization. These two steps are iterated until desired receiver performance is achieved. The proposed equalizer and the subsequent analysis are verified through numerical simulations.     

时间异步全双工数字域分段卷积自干扰抑制技术

同时同频全双工(CCFD)多载波信号时间异步场景下,有用信号(SoI)与自干扰信号(SI)多径最大时差超出循环前缀长度(CP),有用信号与自干扰信号子载波不正交,造成频域自干扰抑制性能严重下降.针对上述问题,该文提出一种时间异步数字域分段卷积的自干扰抑制方法,建立了自干扰分段、频域重建、叠加抵消的自干扰抑制过程,提升了...     

基于分段反变换的无线全双工多径自干扰信号抵消方法

针对无线带内全双工系统存在的多径自干扰信号,若采用模拟域多抽头抵消电路,需要复杂的电路结构和控制算法。本文提出一种数字域协助的多径自干扰抵消方法,根据瑞利分布模型,利用分段反变换法（SITM）直接产生数字抵消参数,再反馈到模拟域进行抵消。本方法无需在数字域建立复杂的信道模型,电路结构得到精简。仿真结果表明,在信号传播路径数为20的情况下,本文方案相比于已有方案有5 dB的性能增益,且不随路径数的增大而明显减小。      

Performance of Non-Polarized Noise Modulated Communications System in the Presence of Interference

The noise modulated non-polarized communication system, developed by us recently, is an ultra-wideband transmitted-reference system designed for secure interferencefree communications. By using ultra-wideband random noise to spread the signal and by using polarization diversity for transmitting the spread message and the reference signal, we make the transmitted signal appear totally featureless and noise-like. However, the system may encounter intentional and non-intentional interference since its operating bandwidth is very large. This paper derives analytical models to characterize system performance in partial-band jamming channels and channels containing narrowband interference. Models compare very well with simulations and results validate successful system operation under low signal-to-interference ratio conditions. Research also reveals that the center frequency of transmitted signal must be suitably protected to prevent link outage due to the presence of cross-interference terms. Since multipath acts as self-interference for communication systems, a new method which can improve system performance in multipath environments is also introduced in this paper.     

一种新型FMCW雷达射频对消方法

随着平台一体化及雷达系统微型化的发展,调频连续波(FMCW)雷达发射至接收的信号泄漏更为严重,信号泄漏已成为制约FMCW雷达系统性能的关键因素。为解决这一问题,提出了一种新型的射频对消方法以提高FMCW雷达的收发隔离度,利用FMCW雷达泄漏信号与回波信号在频域可分离特点,采用数字锁相环技术产生主动对消矢量信号,在给定FMCW雷达泄漏信号初值的条件下仿真分析对消比与相位误差、幅度误差的关系,建立了特定条件下的具有自适应功能的射频对消方案,并设计了验证电路以验证方案的可行性。验证结果表明该方法在1 GHz带宽内实现了优于25 dB 的对消比,且该对消电路具有低功耗、结构简单等优势。     

Channel estimation for OFDM transmission in multipath fadingchannels based on parametric channel modeling

We present an improved channel estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing mobile communication systems using pilot subcarriers. This algorithm is based on a parametric channel model where the channel frequency response is estimated using an L-path channel model. In the algorithm, we employ the ESPRIT (estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques) method to do the initial multipath time delays acquisition and propose an interpath interference cancellation delay locked loop to track the channel multipath time delays. With the multipath time delays information, a minimum mean square error estimator is derived to estimate the channel frequency response. It is demonstrated that the use of the parametric channel model can effectively reduce the signal subspace dimension of the channel correlation matrix for the sparse multipath fading channels and, consequently, improve the channel estimation performance     

Preamble and embedded synchronization for RF carrier frequency-hopped OFDM

In this work, we apply RF carrier frequency hopping to orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (FH-OFDM). Achievable hop rate and bandwidth efficiency are determined based on signal acquisition/synchronization and data demodulation performance in the presence of unknown time-frequency offsets, and channel gain/phase perturbations. We compare performance using two different data-aided synchronization approaches. The first method sends synchronization information in a preamble before the OFDM payload symbol, whereas the second method embeds the synchronization information directly into the OFDM symbol stream. In the embedded technique, superposition of the synchronization information causes interference onto the OFDM data information. Thus, the sync information must be removed before satisfactory bit-error rate (BER) performance can be achieved. Consequently, embedded interference cancellation (EIC) is utilized which requires accurate estimation of the synchronization offsets and channel perturbations. Using coherent quadrature phase-shift keying-OFDM modulation, performance comparisons are presented using the COST207 multipath fading channel model. Fading channel BER performance results indicate that the embedded technique incurs only a slight signal-to-noise ratio penalty (less than 1 dB) compared with the preamble method. However, the embedded method offers the potential for improved hop rate and bandwidth efficiency because no dedicated slot is required for a synchronization field.     

Space-Time Optimum Combining for CDMA Overlay for Personal Communications Systems

The requirement to suppress narrowband interferences in CDMA communication stems from the overlay concept, i.e., coexistence of different types of signals in the same frequency band. This paper describes the performance analysis of a direct-sequence (DS) CDMA personal communication system sharing a common spectrum with narrowband microwave radio links in the 1.85 to 1.99 GHz band. The coexistence of these two systems within the same frequency band will improve the overall spectrum efficiency, but will also cause interference to both systems. In this paper it is shown that joint spatial and temporal optimum combining provides an efficient means of improving the performance of the DS-CDMA system through cancellation of the narrowband signal and the co-channel interferences. The proposed space-time architecture provides degrees of freedom for both diversity and interference cancellation. It is shown that the joint space-time receiver is robust with respect to the narrowband interference signal bandwidth and its carrier frequency offset from the DS-CDMA carrier frequency.     

基于频域对消的噪声调幅干扰抑制算法

为了有效抑制噪声调幅干扰,该文通过对数变换,由信号虚部准确估计干扰信号载频和初始相位,再对干扰信号进行解调,利用频域对消方法抑制干扰信号分量。仿真实验显示算法具有较好的干扰抑制效果。     

利用多相关器的伪码测距多址干扰抑制算法性能分析

伪码跟踪多相关器技术广泛应用于导航接收机抗多径和导航信号质量监测。论文通过对比分析多径和多址信号对导航信号相关峰畸变的影响,揭示了多相关器技术可用于多址干扰抑制。通过仿真分析了多址误差随期望接收信号与干扰信号功率差和载波多普勒频率差的变化规律,并与传统的并行多址干扰对消方法进行了对比。仿真结果表明当多址干扰信号功率差小于10dB时,ELS和Double-delta与单级并行干扰对消方法的性能相当,但是实现复杂度大大降低。      

Some techniques for evaluating the bandwidth characteristics of adaptive nulling systems

Some techniques for evaluating the bandwidth characteristics of adaptive nulling systems are presented. The system performance is categorized according to its antenna characteristics and the post-antenna channel tracking characteristics. The former tend to be radio-frequency (RF) percentage bandwidth dependent and the latter on the achievable component tolerances used to implement the channel (whether at RF or some lower intermediate frequency (IF)). Measured results are also presented for a seven-beam paraboloid reflector-type multiple-beam antenna (MBA), and the effects of feed-reflector multipath inherent in this geometry on the cancellation bandwidth is evaluated in detail.     

LTE uplink MIMO receiver with low complexity interference cancellation

In LTE/LTE-A uplink receiver, frequency domain equalizers (FDE) are adopted to achieve good performance. However, in multi-tap channels, the residual inter-symbol and inter-antenna interference still exist after FDE and degrade the performance. Conventional interference cancellation schemes can minimize this interference by using frequency domain interference cancellation. However, those schemes have high complexity and large feedback latency, especially when adopting a large number of iterations. These result in low throughput and require a large amount of resource in software defined radio implementation. In this paper, we propose a novel low complexity interference cancellation scheme to minimize the residual interference in LTE/LTE-A uplink. Our proposed scheme can bring about 2 dB gains in different channels, but only adds up to 7.2 % complexity to the receiver. The scheme is further implemented on Xilinx FPGA. Compared to other conventional interference cancellation schemes, our scheme has less complexity, less data to store, and shorter feedback latency.     

Adaptive multistage parallel interference cancellation for CDMA

Although the multistage interference cancellation detector is simple in structure, its performance degrades when the number of active users becomes large. In some cases, the performance is even worse than that without cancellation, due to the lack of the exact knowledge of the interfering signal in cancellation. Partial interference cancellation suggested by Divsalar and Simon (see IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.46, p.258-68, 1998) tries to remedy this weakness by reducing the cost of a wrong interference estimation through a weight in each stage. This paper presents an adaptive multistage structure based on the partial interference cancellation approach. In this structure, the weights are obtained by minimizing the mean-square error between the received signal and its estimate through a least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The resulting weights contain reliability information for the hard decisions made in the previous stage. Neither a training sequence nor a pilot signal is needed in the proposed scheme, and its complexity is much lower than that of linear multiuser detectors. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can outperform some of the existing interference cancellation methods in both the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and the multipath fading channels     

箕舌线变步长LMS/F算法数字域自干扰消除研究北大核心CSCD

自干扰消除技术是实现带内全双工(IBFD)通信的重要前提,其中数字域自干扰消除是带内全双工通信系统中硬件复杂度最低、灵活性最高的自干扰消除技术,并且是自干扰消除的最后一道防线。然而,其消除能力仍需提升,主要是如何处理收敛速度和稳态精度之间的平衡,并且还要具备突变信道的自适应能力。文章提出了一种新的全双工系统的数字自干扰消除方法,发射链路采用数字、模拟预失真技术消除功率放大器的非线性失真,使用辅助接收链获取发射链路信号副本,在数字域中利用重构自干扰信号副本消除接收信号残余自干扰信号和功率放大器残余非线性失真,并通过在接收链与辅助接收链之间共用一个振荡器消除部分接收机相位噪声。仿真表明,该方法与已有变步长LMS消除方法相比,在信噪比为5 dB的条件下,能够在提高收敛速度的同时获得优于变步长LMS方法的消除能力。