生物质基石墨烯复合材料的综述

近年来石墨烯因其优良的力学、电学、热学和光学等特性,在学术界备受广泛关注。石墨烯与生物质分子之间能够通过共价或非共价作用(氢键、π-π作用、静电作用等)进行复合。这些相互作用既增加了石墨烯在生物质中的溶解性或分散性,也可以提高复合材料的性能,从而拓展其功能。本文综述了石墨烯的制备方法及生物质基石墨烯复合材料的制备及应用,并展望了生物质基石墨烯纳米材料的前景及意义。     

生物质基石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展

综述了生物质基石墨烯的研究进展,阐述了国内外生物质能源的发展利用现状和生物质基石墨烯的原料拓展,总结了生物质基石墨烯的主要制备方法和应用现状,展望了生物质基石墨烯材料的前景及意义。     

应用于聚合物基复合材料的功能化石墨烯研究进展

石墨烯强度高、导电性和导热性好、透明性高,是理想的复合材料增强剂,但是,石墨烯的"两憎"特性导致其在溶液中的分散性差。本文介绍了氧化石墨烯(GO)的制备方法,以及对GO功能化处理的两种方法,共价改性和非共价改性;并进一步介绍石墨烯复合材料的制备方法。     

石墨烯/铜酞菁纳米复合材料的制备与表征

利用非共价修饰方法,通过氧化石墨烯(GO)与3位-四异戊氧基酞菁铜(3-CuPc)配合物间π-π堆积作用,制备了GO/3-CuPc复合材料,并采用XRD、FTIR、UV-vis对目标产物进行了表征。结果证明通过π-π堆积作用3-CuPc吸附在氧化石墨烯表面上,成功制备了水溶性的GO/MPc复合材料,为石墨烯基复合材料气敏性研究奠定了良好基础。     

石墨烯在水泥基材料中的作用机制研究综述

石墨烯具有优异的力学强度、阻隔性以及超大比表面积,通过对其进行物理或化学分散处理,能够制备高性能石墨烯水泥基复合材料。石墨烯通过调控水泥水化反应、改善孔隙结构以及界面结合等方式,可以改善水泥基材料的力学强度和耐久性能,在水泥基复合材料领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了石墨烯水泥基复合材料的研究进展,总结了石墨烯在水泥基复合材料中的分散工艺和应用效果。同时,讨论了石墨烯的作用机理,并展望了石墨烯水泥基复合材料的发展趋势。     

非共价键功能化石墨烯/高分子纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究进展

因石墨烯杰出的电学、热学、力学及生物学特性,石墨烯基复合材料引起了广泛的关注。综述了非共价键改性石墨烯/高分子纳米复合材料的制备及其性能。研究发现,所制备的石墨烯基复合材料具有高比表面积、较好的柔韧性、优良的相容性等特性,石墨烯的加入拓宽了高分子在物理、化学、生物医药等领域的研究。     

聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料研究进展

氧化石墨烯作为石墨烯的重要衍生物,原料来源广泛,制备过程简单,成本低廉,具有优异力学性能、耐磨性能以及吸附性能等,其还原产物具有优良的导电性能和导热性能等,是聚合物基纳米复合材料的理想填料。近年来,随着复合材料制备方法的不断革新,聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料得到了快速发展,并在储能、阻燃等领域实现了规模化应用,有助于引领聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料相关产品的进一步开发和应用。本文系统介绍了氧化石墨烯的改性方法,综述了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展,展望了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的发展前景。     

应用于固体推进剂的石墨烯及其复合材料制备技术研究进展

系统介绍了多种石墨烯的制备、改性和复合方法,制备方法主要有机械剥离和湿法剥离,改性方法主要有非共价改性和共价改性,复合方法主要有非原位合成和原位合成。从石墨烯在固体推进剂中应用的角度分析比较了不同制备方法的优缺点,指出今后用作燃烧催化剂的石墨烯及其复合材料的制备技术重点应集中在如下几方面:(1)将微乳液法等纳米材料制备方法应用于石墨烯复合材料制备中;(2)应加强负载有机金属盐和含能催化剂的石墨烯负载型燃烧催化剂的研究;(3)开展石墨烯负载物的晶体生长研究。附参考文献57篇。     

石墨烯基橡胶复合材料的制备与性能

综述了近年国内外石墨烯基橡胶复合材料的研究进展,主要包括石墨烯/天然橡胶复合材料、石墨烯/丁腈橡胶复合材料、石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料、石墨烯/硅橡胶复合材料、石墨烯/丁基橡胶复合材料和石墨烯/异戊橡胶复合材料。同时对石墨烯基橡胶复合材料在制备和应用过程中遇到的难题进行了分析和总结。开发高质量石墨烯的绿色环保低成本制备和提纯技术以及提高石墨烯在橡胶中的有效分散效果将是今后该领域亟待解决的关键技术问题。     

石墨烯增强镁基复合材料对运动器材的影响及性能分析

以石墨烯为增强体进行了体育器材用石墨烯增强镁基复合材料的制备,进行了显微组织、物相组成、力学性能和耐磨损性能的测试。通过研究石墨烯增强镁基复合材料在运动器材中的发展及应用状况,把石墨烯增强镁基复合材料与其他复合材料进行对比,概括了石墨烯增强镁基复合材料在体育器材中应用的优势。结果表明：石墨烯增强镁基复合材料与AZ31镁合金相比,石墨烯增强镁基复合材料在温度-20、20和300℃的抗拉强度依次为104、262、83 MPa,分别增至527、538和515 MPa;磨损体积依次减小89%、90和90.9%。其耐磨性和防腐蚀良好性能性,力学性能较为突出,表明石墨烯增强镁基复合材料运动器材的应用空间发展巨大。     

石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料研究进展

2004年以来,石墨烯以其优异的力学、电学、热学和光学性能以及独特的二维结构成为材料领域的研究热点。本文结合作者所在课题组的相关工作,综述了石墨烯应用于陶瓷基复合材料的国内外研究进展,重点介绍了石墨烯/陶瓷复合粉体的制备、石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料的烧结工艺以及性能,探讨了石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料的研究发展方向及应用前景。     

Green Carbon Nanostructures for Functional Composite Materials

Carbon nanostructures are widely used as fillers to tailor the mechanical, thermal, barrier, and electrical properties of polymeric matrices employed for a wide range of applications. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a carbon nanostructure from the graphene derivatives family, has been incorporated in composite materials due to its remarkable electrical conductivity, mechanical strength capacity, and low cost. Graphene oxide (GO) is typically synthesized by the improved Hummers’ method and then chemically reduced to obtain rGO. However, the chemical reduction commonly uses toxic reducing agents, such as hydrazine, being environmentally unfriendly and limiting the final application of composites. Therefore, green chemical reducing agents and synthesis methods of carbon nanostructures should be employed. This paper reviews the state of the art regarding the green chemical reduction of graphene oxide reported in the last 3 years. Moreover, alternative graphitic nanostructures, such as carbons derived from biomass and carbon nanostructures supported on clays, are pointed as eco-friendly and sustainable carbonaceous additives to engineering polymer properties in composites. Finally, the application of these carbon nanostructures in polymer composites is briefly overviewed.     

石墨烯增强水泥基复合材料的多功能性研究

由于石墨烯及其衍生物具有良好的物理和机械性能,在高性能和多功能水泥基复合材料研发方面引起了广泛关注。本文针对石墨烯增强水泥基复合材料的相关研究成果进行了综合概述,总结了三种石墨烯分散方法,分析石墨烯填料对水泥复合材料流动性能、力学性能和水化行为的影响,并依据石墨烯为水泥基复合材料带来的导电性,导热性和电磁干扰性进行了分析,为将来智能水泥基复合材料提供了建设性的想法和指导。最后讨论了石墨烯增强水泥复合材料的未来前景和挑战,从而有助于未来的相关研究,建造智能和多功能的建筑材料。     

煤基石墨烯及复合材料在储能领域的应用

石墨烯及复合材料具有比表面积大、电导率高、导热性能和力学性能良好等优点,在电极材料、传感器、储氢材料等领域具有广泛的应用。但以高碳含量的天然资源煤为前体制备煤基石墨烯及复合材料达到煤炭清洁高效利用的研究目前报道有限,尤其是将其作为电极材料应用到储能领域的研究较少。本文重点总结了以不同煤质及衍生物为原料构建不同形貌和结构的煤基石墨烯及复合材料的方法以及存在的问题,详细介绍了煤基石墨烯及复合材料在储能领域,尤其是超级电容器、锂离子电池及钠离子电池领域的应用研究现状,最后提出了当前煤基石墨烯及复合材料的主要研究方向。该综述旨在为煤基新型石墨烯及复合材料的制备开发以及在储能领域的应用提供一定的思路。     

Functionalized graphene‐reinforced rubber composite: Mechanical and tribological behavior study

A functionalized graphene, fluorinated graphene nanosheets (FGS), and SiO₂ nanoparticles as reinforcing fillers were employed to improve the mechanical properties of the solution styrene butadiene and butadiene rubber composites (SSBR‐BR). The results showed that the mechanical properties of SSBR‐BR composite filled with FGS were substantially improved than those of the unfilled and equivalent filler loaded graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) filled SSBR‐BR composites. It can be ascribed to the fact that the hydrophobic surface of FGS can be endowed the good dispersion in rubber matrix and stronger interfacial interaction between rubber and fillers. The tribological properties of these composites are also investigated. The results reveal that incorporation of GO, rGO, and FGS in SSBR‐BR composites can decrease antiwear properties because the existence of layered graphene promotes to tear and peel off. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44970.     

Highly filled multilayer thermoplastic/graphene conducting composite structures with high strength and thermal stability for electromagnetic interference shielding applications

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/graphene and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/graphene nanocomposites were made by solution casting technique with graphene weight fractions of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20%. Multilayer structures of the composites were made by hot compression technique to study their electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). Tensile strength, hardness, and storage modulus of the nanocomposites were studied in relation with graphene weight fraction. There has been a substantial increase in the electrical conductivity and EMI SE of the composites with 15–20% filler loading. Differential thermal analysis of the composites shows improved thermal stability with an increase in graphene loading. PMMA/graphene composites have better thermal stability, whereas PVC/graphene composites have superior mechanical properties. About 2 mm thick multilayer structures of PMMA/graphene and PVC/graphene composites show a maximum EMI SE of 21 dB and 31 dB, respectively, in the X band at 20 wt % graphene loading. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47792.     

石墨烯类材料的应用及研究进展

石墨烯是碳原子以sp²杂化形成的单原子层厚度的具有二维空间结构的晶体,具有优异的力学性能、导电性能以及超大的比表面积,且耐高温和耐酸碱腐蚀,被认为是非常有潜力的新型碳材料.本文从石墨烯的特殊结构和性能出发,结合近几年国内外的研究发展现状,综述了石墨烯在生物材料、薄膜材料、催化材料、储能材料等领域的应用.对石墨烯类材料在实际应用中存在的一些问题进行了简单的分析,并对未来石墨烯在电子器件、复合材料等方面的发展进行了展望.     

Proanthocyanidin‐Induced Horizontal Arrangement in Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Graphene Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

A green approach is employed to prepare mechanically enhanced composites by adding noncovalently proanthocyanidin (PC)‐modified graphene (PC‐rGO) into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Ascorbic acid (AA) is used as the reducing agent, and PC is used as a dispersant to synthesize low‐defect and fully dispersed graphene. After static treatment, the PC‐rGO sheets in the composite form a horizontally arranged structure. Compared with neat PVA, the Young's modulus of the graphene‐modified composites is significantly enhanced by approximately 79.3% with incorporation of 0.9 wt% PC‐rGO. The composites incorporated with GO or AA‐rGO (without PC) have randomly distributed GO structures and apparent rGO agglomeration, resulting in a weaker mechanical property. The dispersibility, degree of defects, distribution state of graphene, and interactions with the polymer matrix are directly related to the final mechanical performance. This new approach to mechanically enhance graphene‐embedded PVA composites provides the possibility for large‐scale production of graphene‐reinforced composite materials.     

聚丙烯/石墨烯复合材料性能研究进展

利用石墨烯优异的导电率、断裂强度等物理性质,可使聚丙烯(PP)/石墨烯复合材料表现出更好的力学性能以及导电性能。主要概述了PP/石墨烯复合材料的合成方法及其性能改进研究进展,并对PP/石墨烯复合材料的未来发展做了展望。