钢管混凝土框架的非线性分析

建立数值程序,对钢管混凝土框架进行非线性分析。通过采用轴力和弯矩共同作用下梁柱结构稳定求解中的稳定函数,考虑几何非线性。通过追踪沿杆件长度方向选定的横截面上的纤维单轴应力-应变关系,描述横截面上及杆件长度方向的塑性发展。由于位移控制方法具有数值稳定性和有效性,基于此,采用增量迭代法,求解非线性平衡方程。通过与试验和已有求解结果的比较,验证了本方法的准确性。对于钢管混凝土结构的非线性分析,数值分析是有效的。     

钢梁-方钢管钢骨聚丙烯纤维增强水泥基复合材料柱节点的静力有限元分析

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对钢梁-方钢管内置C60混凝土和聚丙烯纤维增强水泥基复合材料(PP ECC)梁柱节点进行了三维非线性有限元分析。分析结果表明:由于PP ECC的作用,钢梁-方钢管钢骨PP ECC梁柱节点的极限承载力远大于钢梁-方钢管钢骨混凝土梁柱节点的极限承载力,充分体现出PP ECC具有良好的刚度及承载力。PP ECC比混凝土能更好地与钢管、钢骨进行协同工作,更能充分发挥钢管、钢骨的受力性能。     

薄壁钢管混凝土梁-柱的钢板局部屈曲分析

高强钢和混凝土的应用,使得薄钢板开始应用在填充混凝土的钢管梁柱中。然而,在组合梁柱中薄钢板的应用可能会增加局部屈曲,这将减弱这些构件的强度和延性性能。通过有限元分析方法,分析了在填充混凝土的薄壁钢管梁-柱中钢板的临界局部屈曲和局部屈曲后性能。运用几何和材料非线性分析来研究在压力和平面内弯曲作用下钢板中的临界局部和后张局部屈曲强度。非线性分析中考虑了钢板的初始几何缺陷和残余应力,材料屈服和应变硬化。基于非线性有限元分析结果,本文提出一组设计公式,以确定这种组合梁柱的临界局部屈曲和钢板的极限强度。此外,还提出在不均匀压力作用下,钢板极限强度设计中有效宽度的计算公式。这一组设计公式可以直接用于组合梁-柱的设计和考虑局部屈曲作用后的薄壁钢管混凝土梁-柱分析。     

圆钢管-钢骨水泥聚丙烯纤维(PP ECC)梁柱节点有限元分析

采用有限元软件ANSYS,对钢骨-钢管C60混凝土梁柱节点和圆钢管-钢骨水泥聚丙烯纤维(简称PP ECC)节点进行三维非线性有限元分析。分析结果表明,由于PP ECC的作用,普通圆钢管-钢骨混凝土梁柱节点的极限承载力远小于圆钢管-钢骨PP ECC梁柱节点的极限承载力,充分体现了PP ECC良好的刚度及承载力。同时也表明,PP ECC比普通混凝土能更好地同钢管、钢骨协同工作,更能充分发挥钢管、钢骨的受力性能。     

FRP-混凝土-钢双壁空心管截面轴力-弯矩关系研究

为建立FRP-混凝土-钢双壁空心管(简称双壁空心管)截面轴力-弯矩相关曲线方程,推导了双壁空心管压弯构件截面承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验结果符合较好。对构件的纤维特征值、内层钢管强度和含钢率等因素对双壁空心管截面轴力-弯矩关系的影响进行了分析。基于理论分析和试验结果,提出了双壁空心管截面轴力-弯矩相关曲线方程。     

偏心荷载下钢管混凝土圆形短柱的非线性分析

提出了一个有效的理论模型,用于钢管混凝土圆形短柱在偏心荷载作用下的非线性弹塑性分析。理论模型中考虑了普通或高强钢管中填充的普通和高强混凝土的精确材料构成关系,用于计算混凝土强度和延性升高时对约束效应的影响。将偏心荷载下对钢管混凝土圆柱预测的极限抗弯强度和完整的弯矩-曲率曲线,与现有的试验数据进行对比以验证理论模型的准确性。利用经过验证的理论模型对圆形钢管混凝土梁柱的基本性能包括径厚比、混凝土抗压强度、钢筋屈服强度、轴向荷载水平和截面形状进行了研究。基于大量的数值研究,针对圆形钢管混凝土梁柱提出了一个用于确定极限纯弯强度的设计模型。理论模型和公式可以对偏心荷载下圆形钢管混凝土梁柱的非线性弹塑性性能进行有效的模拟和设计。     

不同径厚比下纤维-钢复合管混凝土柱轴压性能

对8个纤维-钢复合管混凝土柱和4个对比钢管混凝土柱进行了轴压试验研究。结果表明,在纤维断裂前,由于受到外部纤维布的约束,纤维-钢复合管混凝土柱的钢管局部屈曲得到了有效抑制,钢管无局部屈曲现象,且内部混凝土的横向膨胀较对比柱减小,纤维-钢复合管混凝土柱的应力-纵向应变关系曲线表现出了纤维与钢复合约束的独特效果,具有钢管屈服后的二次刚度和纤维断裂后显著的残余强度,随着钢管径厚比的不同,纤维断裂后的构件承载力表现出轻微下降、恒定、轻微上升、显著上升的不同趋势。提出了纤维-钢复合管混凝土柱的轴压承载力计算模型,模型计算结果与试验结果显示出较好的一致性。     

设置传力构件的矩形钢管混凝土柱轴压性能分析

采用有限元软件ABAQUS,对不考虑钢管壁与核心混凝土的粘结,只设置传力构件的矩形钢管混凝土轴压柱进行研究分析。分析核心混凝土及钢管壁的轴力-竖向位移曲线,得出设置传力构件的矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴力-竖向位移曲线及混凝土工作承担系数。通过对轴压作用下设置传力构件的矩形钢管混凝土柱性能的研究分析,验证了可采用CECS159∶2004《矩形钢管混凝土结构技术规程》的相关规定对设置传力构件的矩形钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力进行计算。     

钢管混凝土的非线性静力分析和循环分析

提出了一个平面组合结构以进行钢管混凝土梁柱的非线性静力分析和循环分析。利用内力插值法构建了一个两结点单元,通过割线刚度和改进的纤维元方法对其材料非线性进行了考虑。同时考虑了尺寸效应和钢管约束对混凝土强度和延性的影响。此外,也分析了钢管局部屈曲对构件强度的影响。考虑到几何非线性的影响,对结构还进行了P-Δ效应分析。对钢管混凝土构件静力和循环分析的数值算例验证了模型的准确性和有效性。     

椭圆形钢管混凝土构件纯弯力学性能分析

利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立椭圆形钢管混凝土构件纯弯力学性能分析的有限元计算模型,并通过6个椭圆形钢管混凝土构件纯弯试验验证有限元计算模型的准确性。在此基础上对其受力全过程中钢管及混凝土应力分布情况进行分析,同时给出钢管与核心混凝土之间的相互作用,并对剪跨比、钢管强度、混凝土强度、短轴长和长轴长等参数对纯弯时构件极限承载力及荷载-位移曲线的影响进行比较。结果表明:椭圆形钢管混凝土构件在跨中发生倾向弯曲破坏,钢管屈服强度、混凝土强度、长轴长、短轴长及钢管壁厚等参数对其力学性能影响显著,剪跨比对其力学性能影响不明显。     

Nonlinear analysis of short concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns under axial load and biaxial bending

This paper presents a nonlinear fiber element analysis method for determining the axial load-moment strength interaction diagrams for short concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) beam-columns under axial load and biaxial bending. Nonlinear constitutive models for confined concrete and structural steel are considered in the fiber element analysis. Efficient secant algorithms are developed to iterate the depth and orientation of the neutral axis in a composite section to satisfy equilibrium conditions. The accuracy of the fiber element analysis program is verified by comparisons of fiber analysis results with experimental data and existing solutions. The fiber element analysis program developed is employed to study the effects of steel ratios, concrete compressive strengths and steel yield strengths on axial load-moment interaction diagrams and the C-ratio of CFST beam-columns. The proposed fiber element analysis technique is shown to be efficient and accurate and can be used directly in the design of CFST beam-columns and implemented in advanced analysis programs for the nonlinear analysis of composite columns and frames.     

配有钢纤维RPC免拆柱模的钢筋混凝土短柱轴压力学性能

为研究配有钢纤维活性粉末混凝土（RPC）免拆柱模的钢筋混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能与钢纤维RPC免拆柱模对核心钢筋混凝土短柱轴压承载力的提高效果,对2根配有不同壁厚钢纤维RPC免拆柱模的钢筋混凝土方形短柱和用于对比的1根普通钢筋混凝土方形短柱进行了轴压试验研究;采用有限元模型对试验结果进行了验证,根据试验结果及有限元分析结果,探讨了配有钢纤维RPC免拆柱模的钢筋混凝土短柱轴压承载力计算方法。结果表明:钢纤维RPC免拆柱模显著提高了钢筋混凝土短柱的极限承载力,且延缓了纵筋的屈服;随免拆柱模壁厚的增加,钢筋混凝土短柱轴向变形随之减小,极限承载力随之提高,延性也相对提高;免拆柱模不但限制了钢筋混凝土短柱在轴向压力作用下的侧向变形,而且间接减小了轴向变形;有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,该计算方法可为工程实践提供参考。     

Nonlinear analysis of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns with local buckling effects

Local buckling of steel plates reduces the ultimate loads of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns under axial compression. The effects of local buckling have not been considered in advanced analysis methods that lead to the overestimates of the ultimate loads of composite columns and frames. This paper presents a nonlinear fiber element analysis method for predicting the ultimate strengths and behavior of short concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns with local buckling effects. The fiber element method considers nonlinear constitutive models for confined concrete and structural steel. Effective width formulas for steel plates with geometric imperfections and residual stresses are incorporated in the fiber element analysis program to account for local buckling effects. The progressive local and post-local buckling is simulated by gradually redistributing the normal stresses within the steel plates. Two performance indices are proposed for evaluating the section and ductility performance of concrete-filled steel box columns. The computational technique developed is used to investigate the effects of the width-to-thickness ratios and concrete compressive strengths on the ultimate strength and ductility of concrete-filled steel box columns. It is demonstrated that the nonlinear fiber element method developed predicts well the ultimate loads and behavior of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns and can be implemented in advanced analysis programs for the nonlinear analysis of composite frames.     

Performance-based analysis of concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns, Part I: Theory and algorithms

This paper presents a performance-based analysis (PBA) technique based on fiber element formulations for the nonlinear analysis and performance-based design of thin-walled concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) beam-columns with local buckling effects. Geometric imperfections, residual stresses and strain hardening of steel tubes and confined concrete models are considered in the PBA technique. Initial local buckling and effective strength/width formulas are incorporated in the PBA program to account for local buckling effects. The progressive local buckling of a thin-walled steel tube filled with concrete is simulated by gradually redistributing normal stresses within the steel tube walls. Performance indices are proposed to quantify the section, axial ductility and curvature ductility performance of thin-walled CFST beam-columns under axial load and biaxial bending. Efficient secant algorithms are developed to iterate the depth and orientation of the neutral axis in a thin-walled CFST beam-column section to satisfy equilibrium conditions. The analysis algorithms for thin-walled CFST beam-columns under axial load and uni- and biaxial bending are presented. The PBA program can efficiently generate axial load-strain curves, moment-curvature curves and axial load-moment strength interaction diagrams for thin-walled CFST beam-columns under biaxial loads. The proposed PBA technique allows the designer to analyze and design thin-walled CFST beam-columns made of compact or non-compact steel tubes with any strength grades and normal and high-strength concrete. The verification and applications of the PBA program are given in a companion paper.     

Nonlinear analysis of circular concrete-filled steel tubular short columns under axial loading

The confinement effect provided by the steel tube in a circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) short column remarkably increases the strength and ductility of the concrete core. The reliable prediction using nonlinear analysis methods for circular CFST columns relies on the use of accurate models for confined concrete. In this paper, accurate constitutive models for normal and high strength concrete confined by either normal or high strength circular steel tubes are proposed. A generic fiber element model that incorporates the proposed constitutive models of confined concrete is created for simulating the nonlinear inelastic behavior of circular CFST short columns under axial loading. The generic fiber element model developed is verified by comparisons of computational results with existing experimental data. Extensive parametric studies are conducted to examine the accuracy of various confining pressure models and the effects of the tube diameter-to-thickness ratio, concrete compressive strengths and steel yield strengths on the fundamental behavior of circular CFST columns. A new design formula accounting for concrete confinement effects is also proposed for circular CFST columns. It is demonstrated that the generic fiber element model and design formula adequately predict the ultimate strength and behavior of axially loaded circular CFST columns and can be used in the design of normal and high strength circular CFST columns.     

钢管混凝土叠合柱轴压性能研究

为研究钢管混凝土叠合柱轴压性能,基于合理的钢材和混凝土本构关系模型,采用纤维模型法和有限元法分析方法计算叠合柱轴压荷载-变形关系曲线。将理论计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证了理论分析模型的正确性。在此基础上,对叠合柱的破坏模态、轴向荷载分配以及组成钢管混凝土叠合柱的外围钢筋混凝土、钢管和钢管内部混凝土之间相互作用等进行分析,提出了叠合柱的轴压承载力简化计算式,简化计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。为保证外围钢筋混凝土和内部钢管混凝土较好地协同工作,建议外围钢筋混凝土中箍筋的约束指标与内部钢管混凝土的约束效应系数比值不应小于0.188。     

钢板混凝土组合剪力墙轴压比影响研究

钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的抗震性能与轴压比关系密切。采用Marc有限元软件对不同轴压比的钢板混凝土组合剪力墙进行了弹塑性分析,以考察轴压比对钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的抗侧刚度、滞回性能、耗能能力、变形能力以及承载力的影响,并对其分析模型进行了试验验证。研究结果表明：钢板混凝土组合剪力墙正截面承载力随轴压比变化,当轴压比为0.4时,承载力达到最大值;当轴压比在0.2～0.4范围时,钢板混凝土组合剪力墙变形能力最大,耗能能力最强;当轴压比超过0.6时,其变形能力下降,延性减小,耗能能力减弱;轴压比对钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的初始刚度有一定影响,伴随着往复加载,墙体抗侧刚度不断减小。研究中为了验证有限元分析结果的可靠性,进行了钢板混凝土组合剪力墙压弯受力缩尺模型试验。有限元数值模拟结果与缩尺模型试验结果比较接近,而按照JGJ 138-2012《组合结构设计规范》（报批稿）和纤维模型计算得到的钢板混凝土组合剪力墙正截面承载力偏于保守。为了保证钢板混凝土组合剪力墙良好的抗震性能,在实际工程中构件的轴压比设计值不宜过高。     

高强圆钢管混凝土压弯构件(1):数值分析

由于具有比普通构件强度高、刚度大等特点,高强圆钢管混凝土压弯构件被广泛用于高层建筑中。然而,针对此类构件的大多数非线性分析方法都没有考虑高强材料属性和混凝土约束的影响,这很大程度上高估了核心混凝土的强度和韧性。因此,这些方法的求解结果与试验结果相差很大。针对高强圆钢管混凝土压弯构件的非线性性能,提出新的数值模型。该模型不仅考虑了混凝土约束对核心混凝土和钢管的影响,还考虑了压弯构件的初始几何缺陷。根据通过有限元分析求得的轴力-弯矩曲线,确定压弯构件非线性稳定分析中的平衡状态。为确定轴力-变形及轴力-弯矩曲线,提出了计算准则。在计算机程序中应用该数值模型,可研究高强圆钢管混凝土压弯构件的基本性能。在后续文章中,将验证该模型的正确性,并应用此模型。     

High strength circular concrete-filled steel tubular slender beam-columns, Part I: Numerical analysis

High strength circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) slender beam-columns are frequently used in high-rise composite buildings because they possess higher strength and stiffness than normal strength ones. Most nonlinear inelastic methods of analysis for circular CFST slender beam-columns have not considered the effects of high strength materials and concrete confinement that significantly increases the strength and ductility of the concrete core. As a result, these methods produce computational solutions that deviate considerably from experimental results. This paper presents a new numerical model for predicting the nonlinear inelastic behavior of high strength circular CFST slender beam-columns under axial load and bending. The numerical model developed not only accounts for confinement effects on the concrete core and circular steel tubes but also incorporates initial geometric imperfections of beam-columns. Axial load-moment-curvature relationships obtained from the fiber element analysis of column cross-sections are utilized to determine the equilibrium states in the inelastic stability analysis of slender beam-columns. Computational algorithms are developed for determining the axial load-deflection and axial load-moment interaction curves for slender beam-columns. The numerical model is implemented in a computer program, which is shown to be an efficient and accurate simulation tool that can be used to investigate the fundamental behavior of high strength circular CFST slender beam-columns. The verification and applications of the numerical model are given in a companion paper.     

实心和空心钢管混凝土的统一纤维模型

采用纤维模型是进行结构整体分析的一种有效手段,目前已有部分学者给出了实心钢管混凝土的纤维模型计算方法,但是缺乏关于空心钢管混凝土的纤维模型计算方法。为了给钢管混凝土的整体分析提供数值分析手段,在统一强度承载力公式的基础上,给出了实心和空心、圆形和多边形完全统一的基于材料的钢管混凝土纤维模型,并给出了考虑截面形状和空心率影响的约束混凝土的滞回本构及参数取值方法。通过对不同截面形式的钢管混凝土长短柱轴压试验、侧推试验以及滞回试验的比较和分析,证明了基于材料的纤维模型和相关参数取值的适用性。