纳米荧光粉Zn_2SiO_4:Mn~(2+),Er(3+)显现潜在手印研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn2SiO4:Mn2+,Er3+(ZSME),通过超声波处理得到粒度均匀、分散性较好的纳米粉体。将荧光粉与铁粉混合,采用磁性刷刷显不同客体上的潜在手印,采集了手印荧光光图像,与有机纳米荧光粉进行了手印显现、成像对比研究。实验结果表明:ZSME纳米荧光粉适用于非渗透性和半渗透性客体上的手印显现,其发光亮度高,可以显现出手印的第三级特征(汗孔),有效降低背景干扰,适用于背景图案复杂客体上的手印显现与成像。     

纳米Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+的长余辉发光行为

使用溶胶-凝胶技术合成纳米尺度的Sr2MgSi2O7Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料,比较了该方法与固相法获得的长余辉粉体的光致发光行为和长余辉性能.溶胶-凝胶获得的纯相Sr2MgSi2O7Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉粉体是由纳米尺度的微晶形成的团聚颗粒,具有光致发光行为和长余辉发光特性.其发射峰位于465nm.而固相合成的粉体具有两个发射峰,分别位于404nm和459nm.产生这些差别的原因在于Eu2+在基质晶格中的不同配位情况.固相合成的粉体的余辉发光性能高于溶胶-凝胶粉体,其原因在于高温固相合成在基质内部产生了更高浓度的电子陷阱.     

真空镀膜法与传统汗潜手印显现方法联合应用研究

真空镀膜法是一种适用范围广,显现效果好的手印显现新方法,为进一步将该技术方法与传统方法有机结合,提高现场手印显出率,研究该方法与传统方法的联合应用及相互补足效果。方法:通过实验研究将真空镀膜法与传统方法联合应用对常见的渗透性客体、非渗透性客体及半渗透性客体表面汗潜手印进行显现,并比较显现效果。结果:真空镀膜法与粉末法、502法、茚三酮法等传统方法联合应用对手印的显现效果有较好的增强作用,特别是背景颜色复杂客体和反光客体表面手印的显现,真空镀膜法对传统方法的补足作用较为明显。结论:在一定条件下真空镀膜法可与传统方法联合应用,增强手印与背景的反差,增强手印显现效果。     

新型Nile blue材料对多种客体上潜在手印显现研究

尼罗蓝类化合物是灵敏度高、生物毒性较低的吩恶嗪类荧光试剂。从尼罗蓝A(Nile blue A)的光学性能入手,考察了Nile blue A显现潜在手印时的最佳适用条件及在不同客体上的显现效果。通过连续捺印显现实验进一步探究了该方法的灵敏度和对陈旧性手印的显现能力。实验结果证实,该方法在潜在手印显现时具有较高的显现灵敏度和广泛的客体适用性,在Nile blue A质量浓度为0.03mg/mL时达到最佳,其显现手印具有显色和荧光双重效果,能够适用于大多数渗透性与非渗透性客体表面潜在手印显现,甚至对于潮湿及复杂背景客体仍具有良好的效果,为犯罪现场潜在手印的显现提供了更有效的方法。     

磁控溅射镀锌法显现潜手印初探

介绍了一种利用磁控溅射镀锌技术显现潜手印的新方法。考察了磁控溅射镀锌法适合显现的手印遗留客体的种类、颜色,不同遗留时间对显现效果的影响,以及手印显现率。结果显示,磁控溅射镀锌法较适于显现深色客体上的手印,且客体颜色越深,显现效果越好。对于塑料、铜版纸、铝合金、玻璃等客体上的手印有较好的显现效果,但橡胶和人造革类上的手印则无法很好显现。此外,遗留一个月内的陈旧手印显现效果均比较理想,遗留三个月的手印显现也可显出,但效果有所下降。因此,磁控溅射镀锌法对于光滑、非渗透性或半渗透性深色客体表面的新鲜和陈旧的潜手印均有理想的显现效果。     

正交试验法优化长余辉发光材料Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+,Dy3+的合成工艺

采用高温固相法在碳粉还原气氛下合成蓝色长余辉发光材料Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+,Dy3+。通过正交试验,以初始余辉亮度和余辉时间为评价指标,研究了烧结温度、Eu2+、Dy3+和硼酸的摩尔分数对发光材料余辉性能的影响。结果表明:各个因素在实验设定水平范围变化时,最佳合成工艺为烧结温度1300℃,Eu2+、Dy3+和硼酸的摩尔分数分别为2%,4%,10%。按照上述工艺条件合成的样品余辉性能最佳,初始余辉亮度可达2238mcd/m2,余辉时间超过1400s。样品具有250nm～450nm的激发范围,发射峰位于470nm。     

绿色长余辉发光材料MgGa2O4:Mn2+的制备及性能研究

采用高温固相法合成了MgGa₂O₄:xMn²⁺(x=0.5%,1%,3%,5%)系列绿色长余辉发光材料。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、发光光谱、余辉光谱、热释光谱等表征手段对其长余辉发光性能进行了研究。样品的发射光谱的结果表明,Mn²⁺在509 nm处的特征发射峰,对应Mn²⁺离子的⁴T₁(⁴G)→⁶A₁(⁶S)电子跃迁,随着Mn²⁺掺杂浓度的增加,其发光强度先增强后减弱,掺杂浓度为3%时样品具有最好的发光性能;掺杂浓度为1%时其余辉强度最强,余辉时间可以持续1h以上;热释光谱在342 K附近出现一个宽峰,这表明样品存在大量的陷阱,这有利于捕获被激发的电子,形成长余辉发光。     

MgGa2O4∶Cr3+,Al3+近红外发光长余辉纳米粒子的制备及发光性能研究

利用乙二醇辅助共沉淀法，制备了小尺寸近红外发光Al³⁺共掺杂镓酸镁(MgGa₂O₄)∶0.3%Cr³⁺(MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺,Al³⁺)长余辉发光纳米粒子(PLNP),考察了Al³⁺掺杂对MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺晶体结构和光学性质的影响。研究结果表明，Al³⁺掺杂对MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺的晶体结构无影响，但能提高MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺的发光强度。当Al³⁺掺杂量为0.4%(摩尔分数)时，MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺,0.4%Al³⁺(Al³⁺、Cr³⁺相对于Ga³⁺的物质的量比，摩尔分数)PLNP发光强度最强，余辉平均发光寿命从46.98s(MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺)增大至78.75s(MGO...     

磁性荧光手印显现粉末的制备及其应用

为弥补传统单一粉末的不足,研制一种安全无毒的磁性荧光双功能手印显现粉末,并对常见客体上的手印的显现进行研究。首先用荧光光谱仪对物质进行光谱表征,然后梯度实验研究,将荧光粉与还原铁粉经研磨后均匀混合,设置比例梯度,以探究荧光粉末与还原铁粉的最佳混合比例;分别显现多种渗透性和半渗透性客体上的潜手印,在蓝色激光灯下激发进行观察和拍照。结果表明荧光粉末与还原铁粉以1∶8质量比混合时显现潜手印效果最佳,荧光效率高,磁性荧光粉对汗潜手印有很强的亲和力,稳定性比较好,可长时间保存使用,对人体安全无毒,纹线鲜艳明亮,与背景有很强的反差,在公安实践部门有较好的应用前景。     

H3BO3对燃烧法制备SrAl2O4:Eu2+、Dy3+、Pr3+发光性能的影响

以硝酸盐和尿素为基质,采用燃烧法在较低炉温(600～620℃)下制备了SrAl2O4:Eu2+、Dy3+、Pr3+长余辉发光粉体.研究了H3BO3的加入对粉体的相组成、晶体结构、发光性能与长余辉特性的影响.通过对材料的XRD、激发和发射光谱、余辉衰减以及微观形貌分析.结果表明,H3BO3作为一种助溶剂,当其掺杂摩尔百分...     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Thermoelectric power of single-phase samples of Tl2CaBa2Cu2O y and Ba2CaSr2Cu2O y

Single-phase 2122 samples of thallium and bismuth superconductors were made by the precursor matrix method. The thermopower of these samples was measured in the temperature range 250 K-T _c . The thermopower was positive and decreased linearly with increasing temperature aboveT _c (onset). The exponential enhancement of thermopower seen in the undoped and doped YBCO was not observed in these samples. The linear variation of thermopower can be explained on the basis of either a two-band model or a narrow band model.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.