热轧工艺对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

目的研究大变形量热轧、累积叠轧和普通热轧3种不同加工工艺及后续热处理对AZ31镁合金的组织及室温力学性能的影响。方法将均匀化处理后的AZ31原始样品采用大变形热轧、累积叠轧和普通热轧3种不同加工工艺制备成板材,并进行了后续热处理。利用EBSD技术和力学性能测试,解释了其组织和性能的关系。结果剧烈塑性变形工艺及适宜的热处理工艺,可使AZ31镁合金保持高强度的同时还可兼顾优良的室温延伸率。大变形量热轧工艺制备的AZ31镁合金板材的细晶组织及室温拉伸性能,可与累积叠轧等传统剧烈塑性变形工艺相媲美,屈服强度达到289 MPa,延伸率为7%。结论与普通热轧工艺制得的AZ31镁合金板材相比,大变形量热轧工艺及累积叠轧工艺制得的板材具有更高的强度和塑性。剧烈塑性变形镁合金在低温退火后获得的混晶组织,具有优良的综合力学性能,强度比形变态样品略低,而塑性与完全退火样品相同甚至更好。     

AZ31镁合金不同挤压速度下的组织演变及力学性能研究

目的 针对AZ31镁合金材料在挤压成形过程中变形较为困难的问题,研究AZ31镁合金在不同挤压速度下的微观组织和力学性能演化规律。方法 采用DEFORM–2D软件对0.5、3、12、20 mm/s这4种挤压速度下材料挤压变形过程中的材料流动趋势、应变场、应力场和温度场等进行数值模拟和分析。结果 AZ31镁合金材料的挤压温度场随着挤压速度的增加显著升高,不同速度挤压后坯料的温度模拟值与实验结果实测值的变化趋势吻合。随着挤压速度的增大,材料的晶粒尺寸先增大后减小,0.5、3、12、20 mm/s这4种速度挤压后的晶粒尺寸分别为1.0、0.9、1.4、1.1 μm,变形材料的加工硬化率呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。在0.5 mm/s的挤压速度下,材料内部的微观组织均匀性较差,然而强度较高,抗拉强度约为416 MPa;在挤压速度为12 mm/s时,合金的晶粒组织最均匀,同时其综合力学性能较好,屈服强度为220 MPa,伸长率为17.3%,其加工硬化率也达到最大,为0.184。结论 通过DEFORM数值模拟能够为镁合金挤压变形提供指导。对于镁合金挤压变形,采用较低的挤压速度(约0.5 mm/s)对AZ31镁合金进行挤压变形,能够获得强度较高、伸长率相对偏低的挤压棒材,采用较高的挤压速度(约12 mm/s),则更有利于获得综合性能优良的镁合金挤压棒材。     

通过预涂覆SiC优化AZ31B镁合金DE-GMAW焊缝的显微组织及提升力学性能

研究了碳化硅(SiC)颗粒涂覆量对2mm厚AZ31B镁合金双电极气体保护焊DE-GMAW焊缝的宏观形貌、显微组织和力学性能的影响。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析技术(XRD)对接头的显微组织、相及相的成分进行分析。同时采用维氏硬度试验计和万能试验机对焊接接头的显微硬度和抗拉强度分别进行测量。结果表明,随着SiC涂覆量的增加,焊接接头熔深和深宽比先增大后减小。XRD测试结果显示,SiC的添加并不改变焊缝中相的组成,焊缝由α-Mg和β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)组成。SiC可以细化α-Mg晶粒,打断焊缝中β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相,起到弥散强化的效果。但SiC涂覆量达到一定值后,随着SiC涂覆量的继续增加,α-Mg晶粒粗化,β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的弥散强化作用不再增加。焊接接头的显微硬度和抗拉强度随着SiC涂覆量的增加先增大后减小。     

Nd对AZ91镁合金组织和高温力学性能的影响

研究了Nd对AZ91镁合金组织和高温力学性能的影响.结果表明,稀土Nd(1%～4%(wt))的加入明显细化了AZ91镁合金的铸态组织,减少了β(Mg17Al12)相的析出.随着稀土Nd含量的增加,室温、150℃和250℃等3个温度下的强度都是先升后降,Nd含量为1%时合金的强度均达到最大值,特别是150℃下其强度高达203MPa;Nd含量的增加对AZ91镁合金的延伸率影响规律也是先升后降,高温下当Nd含量为2%时合金的延伸率达到最大值,表现出良好的韧性,同时也具有较高强度.     

等径角挤压对AZ31镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

研究了电磁连铸AZ31镁合金沿A路径经常规等径角挤压(ECAE)和两步ECAE变形后的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明:与预挤压态相比,常规ECAE态合金随着挤压道次的增加,晶粒不断细化,伸长率不断提高,但屈服强度与抗拉强度逐渐降低;两步ECAE可以使晶粒进一步细化,伸长率、屈服强度与抗拉强度均提高.伸长率、屈服强度与抗拉...     

AZ31与AZ61异种镁合金的TIG焊研究

采用TIG焊对AZ31与AZ61镁合金薄板进行连接,分别采用了AZ31和AZ61焊丝,比较焊接效果的影响.通过显微镜、扫描电镜、X-ray物相检测等实验方法,分析了两种焊丝焊接接头的外观形貌、显微组织、焊缝析出相及力学性能等差异.研究结果表明:采用AZ31和AZ61两种焊丝都能完成AZ31与AZ61镁合金薄板的对焊,获...     

铸态AZ31镁合金板材等温轧制工艺及组织性能研究

为研究铸态AZ31镁合金轧制工艺及轧制后组织性能,通过试验得到不同道次和变形量对铸态AZ31镁合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响规律,并采用扫描电子显微镜研究了轧制后板材组织.结果表明,铸态AZ31镁合金板材经等温4道次、等变形量轧制后,板材厚度由20mm变化到4.8 mm,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到275 MPa和18...     

电弧增材制造AZ31镁合金组织与力学性能分析

针对镁合金在轻量化结构件领域的应用前景,采用基于MIG焊的电弧增材制造工艺开展了两组不同路径的AZ31镁合金增材实验,并对其微观组织和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：增材构件相较于原始焊丝的化学成分无较大变化;单道次多层往复堆积路径相较于多道次多层堆积路径,更易制得表面更为平整,内部更为致密的构件,其屈服强度为77.3 MPa,抗拉强度为235 MPa,达到原始焊丝75%的力学性能水平,平均显微硬度为52.7HV,断后伸长率最高达到了27%;增材构件拉伸断裂方式为韧性断裂,并在多道次多层往复堆积构件断口处发现其内部存在气孔。验证了电弧增材制造AZ31镁合金工艺的可行性。     

热压形变参数对AZ31镁合金接头微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用与母材同质的焊丝对AZ31镁合金板材进行手工钨极氩弧焊,利用真空热压炉及专门设计的夹装模具对焊接接头分别在250,300,350,400℃,应变速率为0.001s-1进行真空热压试验,通过电子拉伸试验仪、光学显微镜(OM)及扫描电镜(SEM)技术,研究镁合金焊接接头的力学性能和组织演化规律。结果表明:随着热压温度的升高,接头抗拉强度和伸长率不断增大,在350℃时,接头表现出最大的抗拉强度228MPa和伸长率10.2%,400℃时,强度和伸长率有所降低。在该工艺过程中,随着变形温度的升高,接头组织再结晶现象越来越明显,350℃时出现较多的动态再结晶核心和再结晶小晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸由46μm细化至16μm左右,随着温度的升高,动态再结晶晶粒数量逐渐增加,400℃时,晶粒尺寸有所长大,平均晶粒尺寸为26μm,分布较均匀。     

搅拌摩擦加工对AZ31镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

采用搅拌摩擦加工技术(Friction stir processing,FSP)对AZ31镁合金板材进行了单道次加工,研究了加工区域微观组织对力学性能的影响。结果表明,相同前进速度下,旋转速度升高,平均晶粒尺寸增大。搅拌摩擦加工后,晶粒尺寸和织构变化显著影响AZ31镁合金的力学性能,平均晶粒尺寸越大,越易发生孪生变形。织构类型主要包括基面织构和纤维织构。基面织构位于软位向时,屈服强度降低,但纤维织构会弱化基面织构对力学性能的影响。     

AZ31B镁合金带材热轧过程组织均匀性及性能研究

本文开展了变形温度为300、350、400 ℃和总压下率分别为15%、30%、45%、60%的AZ31B镁合金带材热轧试验,分析了不同工艺参数对轧后带材的微观组织及力学性能的影响规律。研究表明:随着轧制温度的升高,再结晶百分数增加,晶粒细化显著,组织均匀性增强;当温度达到350 ℃时,由于中间退火保温导致再结晶晶粒长大,使温度进一步升高,对再结晶程度的影响减弱,轧后带材晶粒度和延伸率均有降低;相比温度参数,提升总压下率对晶粒细化效果更为显著,轧制温度为300 ℃,压下率为60%时近表面平均晶粒尺寸由10 μm细化至3.7 μm,中心层晶粒尺寸细化至4.9 μm,组织分布较为均匀;压下率的增加有效改善了组织均匀性,使轧后带材延伸率显著增加,拉伸断口的韧窝增多,且逐渐加深。     

Effects of neodymium rich rare earth elements on microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast AZ31 magnesium alloy

Abstract

The effects of neodymium rich rare earth elements [RE(Nd)] on microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated. The microstructures of as cast AZ31–xRE(Nd) alloys display a dendrite configuration, and the secondary dendrite spacing of the α-Mg phase was decreased with the increasing Nd content. The addition of RE(Nd) resulted in the formation of Al₂Nd and Mg₁₂Nd phases. Mechanical properties were improved significantly due to grain refinement and precipitation of intermetallic phases. When the amount of RE is 1·0 wt-%,The as cast AZ31 alloy reached its maximum tensile strength of 249 MPa at room temperature, yield strength of 169 MPa and elongation of 9·0%.     

Influence of neodymium on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31B wrought magnesium alloy

Abstract

The influences of rare earth neodymium on microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast and hot rolled AZ31B wrought magnesium alloy were investigated. The results show that the mechanical properties of both as cast and hot rolled AZ31B alloys decrease due to Nd addition. Nd reacts with Al to form Al₂Nd phase when Nd is added. Bulky and brittle Al₂Nd intermetallic degrades the mechanical properties. Moreover, the addition of Nd weakens the grain refining effect of Al on as cast AZ31B alloy, resulting in grain coarsening. Coarse grains also cause the decline of the mechanical properties of as cast AZ31B–Nd alloy. The negative influence of the bulky and brittle intermetallics on mechanical properties of AZ31B alloy can be relieved by large deformation because the intermetallics can be sufficiently broken up during the deformation process.     

Effect of 1.5 wt% tin addition on the properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy

In this paper, 1.5 wt%Sn was added to the AZ31 magnesium alloy aiming at improving the mechanical properties by using a low cost alloying element. Both alloys were prepared in the cast/heat treated (HT), rolled at 350 °C, rolled/heat treated at 400 °C and extruded at 350 °C. The results indicate that with addition of tin an improvement was obtained in both tensile strength and ductility of the AZ31 alloy in the cast/heat treated and in the extruded conditions. The yield and ultimate tensile strengths reached 98 MPa and 224 MPa respectively with 14 % elongation in the cast/heat treated condition while in the extruded condition these values were 212 MPa and 286 MPa with 20 % elongation. The tensile strength was even higher after rolling reaching 315 MPa for AZ31 with tin addition; however, as the material temperature during the last passes has decreased to relatively low values, the % elongation decreased to 1 %. After heat treatment at 400 °C for 2 hours the % elongation was restored and reached 12 %; this was accompanied by a decrease in tensile strength which reached 276 MPa. The results are discussed in relation to the microstructure evolution including grain size, phase identification, and volume fraction of phases.     

AZ31镁合金温变形对其性能影响的研究

为了研究温变形对铸态AZ31镁合金力学性能的影响,在210～300℃温度范围内对均匀化后的合金进行了不同程度的平面应变压缩,并根据微观组织的演变对其进行了分析.结果表明:随变形温度的升高,在相同的变形程度下晶粒有长大的趋势,其抗拉强度增量下降;在同一温度下变形,强度增量随着变形程度的增加而增大,变形到一定程度时,呈现减小的趋势.在210℃下变形,当ε达到2.07时,其抗拉强度最大可达305MPa,较铸态提高近50%.表明AZ31合金温变形时,通过形变强化与细晶强化的合理组合,可获得细小均匀的等轴组织,大幅度提高镁合金的强度.     

AZ31镁合金非等温拉深性能的研究

针对AZ31镁合金等温拉深性能差的问题,提出了AZ31镁合金的非等温拉深工艺.通过平底杯形冲头拉深试验研究了不同冲头温度和板料温度对AZ31镁合金非等温拉深性能的影响,确定了使AZ31镁合金具有最佳拉深性能的板料和冲头温度范围.实验结果表明,除了板料和冲头温度之外,拉深速度和润滑条件对AZ31镁合金的非等温拉深性能也有重要影响.     

消失模铸造AZ91镁合金的研究

研究了ZA91镁合金消失模铸造时铸件的厚度,位置和真空度对铸件质量,组织及力学性能的影响,真空度是决定铸件质量的一个关键的工艺因素,无真空时浇注铸件易产生浇不足缺陷,但真空度过大又会导致形成粘砂和气孔等缺陷,真空浇注射明显细化组织,但真空度进一步增大时细化效果野 不明显,铸件显微组织具有很大的壁厚效应,然 位置对组织的影响与是否采用抽真空措施有关,铸件壁厚较小时,铸件的力学性能总体较差,断裂源自Mg/Mg17Al12界面、且主要是以解决理形式的脆性断裂。     

Evaluation of microstructure and properties of AZ31/Al2O3 composites prepared by solid-phase synthesis

Solid-phase synthesis was used to prepare AZ31/Al₂O₃ composites and the effect of Al₂O₃ particles on its microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The composites were characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vickers hardness tester and electron universal strength tester. The results show that the grains of the composites are significantly refined and the mechanical properties increase obviously. While the content of Al₂O₃ particles is 2?wt-%, the hardness, ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure reach the maximum of 85HV, 308?MPa, 6.83%, respectively. The addition of Al₂O₃ particles promotes the dynamic recrystallisation.     

Microstructure and formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet under continuous pulse current

Utilising electropulsing treatment (EPT) to improve the formability of metals is of paramount importance for engineering applications. The effects of EPT on the microstructure and formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet were investigated. The results indicated that the microstructure and mechanical properties were slightly improved with the increase of current density, while the formability was promoted distinctly. Besides, the formability of the specimen after EPT was better than that of the specimen annealed at the same temperature, which indicated that pulse current can effectively increase the formability of the sheet. Further studies confirmed that the athermal effect caused by the pulse current made great contribution to the dislocation mobility and improved the formability of the sheet.