分集阵列式水下激光通信光学接收天线设计

针对水下无线激光通信系统中对准困难的问题,提出了一种分集阵列式光学接收天线,在光学设计软件Zemax中分别设计出了复合光学接收天线和分集阵列式光学接收天线的光学结构,分析了复合光学接收天线和分集阵列式光学接收天线的视场角、聚光效率以及光源移动范围,并且通过实验和Matlab仿真给出两种光学接收天线的聚光效率随光源径向移动范围和光源入射角的关系,结果表明:当光源尺寸10 mm时,复合光学接收天线的聚光效率是0.06%,接收视场角是6,光源径向移动范围是6 mm;分集阵列式光学接收天线的聚光效率是0.06%,接收视场角是16,光源径向移动范围是22 mm。因此分集阵列式光学接收天线更适用于水下激光通信系统。     

闪电电磁脉冲卫星接收天线设计初步探索

针对卫星轨道闪电电磁脉冲(LEMP)的信号特征以及接收环境的限制，提出了卫星轨道接收LEMP的天线设计参数，并据此设计了对称振子天线和对数周期振子阵天线。计算出了两种天线的辐射阻抗，输入阻抗，增益曲线，驻波比等参数，还给出了对数周期振子阵天线的各参数曲线。最后对两种天线进行了比较。对称振子的特点结构简单适合于当前应用。对数周期天线的接收性能优于对称振子天线，更适合于专门的电磁脉冲探测试验卫星。     

UWB系统中天线性能对脉冲波形的影响

分析了超宽带无线系统中,天线在发射和接收过程中对基带脉冲信号波形的失真影响.采用了天线系统传递函数描述天线的辐射和接收特性,在暗室中对典型的超宽带印刷天线进行频域特性和时域特性的测量,给出了脉冲信号的辐射和接收过程.研究表明结合天线系统传递函数,可以设计出更符合FCC辐射功率掩蔽的脉冲信号,以及选取出波形保真系数最佳的本地模板信号,从而获得全局性能最优的超宽带系统.     

一种基于分布式发射天线的差分空时调制方法

在基于分布式发射天线的多入多出（MIMO）系统中,由于各发射天线的发射信号不同时到达接收端,用于信道估计的导引设计及发射方法存在一定困难。针对这一问题,该文提出一种无需信道估计的分布式MIMO差分编码及检测方法：发送端将发射矩阵进行相位差分调制后发射,接收端利用前后接收量判断相位信息恢复出发送端数据信息。该方法频谱效率与V—BLAST相同,适用于任意发射天线数和接收天线数,且不要求接收天线数大于发射天线数。仿真结果表明,在不同信道传播时延情况下,误码率性能不同。     

一种基于分布式发射天线的差分空时调制方法

在基于分布式发射天线的多入多出(MIMO)系统中,由于各发射天线的发射信号不同时到达接收端,用于信道估计的导引设计及发射方法存在一定困难。针对这一问题,该文提出一种无需信道估计的分布式MIMO差分编码及检测方法:发送端将发射矩阵进行相位差分调制后发射,接收端利用前后接收量判断相位信息恢复出发送端数据信息。该方法频谱效率与V-BLAST相同,适用于任意发射天线数和接收天线数,且不要求接收天线数大于发射天线数。仿真结果表明,在不同信道传播时延情况下,误码率性能不同。     

用于多光谱照明通信的大视场接收光学天线设计

针对多光谱照明通信要求,提出了一种新型大视场高增益光学天线。天线采用前组三片式负组透镜、后组四片式正组透镜组合的反远距天线结构,通过理论计算、Zemax设计优化,设计出视场角(FOV)90°、增益115的大视场高增益前置接收光学天线,同时具有较小的体积。该光学天线与色散分光系统联合仿真表明,该天线可实现视场角90°×22°、增益20,适用于多光谱照明通信。同时设计出的前置光学接收天线也可独立作为大视场成像光学系统、成像光谱仪前置物镜系统等,具有广泛的适应性。     

车载短波螺旋天线仿真与实验

通过ＨＰＳＳ仿真软件设计车载短波螺旋天线,计算出该天线的电参数和辐射方向图,将所设计的天线模型架设在卡车车顶,进行远距离通信实验,实验表明圆极化的螺旋天线接收水平极化所辐射的信号,话音质量良好。     

卫星电视接收天线方向数据的计算和调整

接收卫星电视节目需要调整卫星接收天线的方向,使卫星电视转发器发射的电磁波经接收天线（抛物面）反射后聚集于馈源中心,才可能在高频头探针上感应出比较强的信号,这就需要调整正馈天线的主轴或偏馈天线的一副轴,指向要接收的卫星,轴指向由轴的仰角和方位角确定。卫星接收天线的仰角和方位角调整正确后还不一定在高频头的探针上感应出较强的卫星信号,还必须调整天线馈源的极化方向（高频头探针沿南北方向的叫垂直极化,高频头探针沿东西方向的叫水平极化）,使接收天线的水平极化与卫星转发器的水平极化方向一致,使接收天线的垂直极…     

一种探空仪自动跟踪系统的设计

为解决探空仪和地面接收系统的远距离无线通信问题,设计了一种定向接收天线自动跟踪系统。该系统根据目标探空仪和跟踪系统GPS定位数据,计算出探空仪相对跟踪系统所在地的俯仰角和方位角,利用伺服系统驱动定向接收天线,使定向接收天线的主波束自动对准探空仪所在位置,实现对探空仪的跟踪功能,较大程度地延长了通信距离。详细阐述了对球载探空仪的自动跟踪算法以及硬件实现结构。经过实际测试表明,系统具有跟踪效果良好、通信距离远、稳定性好、性价比高等特点,满足设计要求。     

激光测距机接收天线的视场和相对孔径

在设计激光测距机接收天线时,常常遇到以下几个容易误解的问题:1、激光测距方程中不包含接收天线的焦距f,因此接收天线所能接收到的回波功率与焦距无关.在设计中可把进入接收天线的激光束当作平行光处理,只控制轴上点弥散圆直径就可以了,而不必考虑视场.2、激光探测器(硅光电二极管或雪崩管)上的照度与接收天线的相对孔径平方成正比,即E_rα(D/f)~2.因此在设计中应尽量增大接收天线的相对孔径.在有效通光孔径D确定之后,应尽量减小焦距f,以便增大相对孔径.     

Potential Interference from Terrestrial Sources into Direct Broadcast Satellite Home Receiving Systems

Potential interference sources into direct broadcast satellite (DBS) home receiving equipment and the means of reducing the effects are discussed in this paper. Interference sources are divided into two categories: those that enter at the receiving antenna microwave equipment, and those that enter at the indoor unit or at the coaxial cable connecting the antenna to indoor equipment. The results of the analysis show that good design practice will control this kind of interference to an acceptable degree. Recommendations to reduce the interference are given.     

飞机天线系统EMC设计

飞机天线系统EMC设计的主题思想就是为了保证所有机载设备都能够相互无干扰地调和工作,即各天线在能够正常工作的同时,不会干扰其他天线的工作,还要兼顾天线的性能和工程安装要求,满足整机机载设备正常工作,任务设备也能够正常工作。采用仿真软件进行天线系统电磁兼容的仿真计算后制作了1∶1飞机壳体,进行了天线布局的缩比模型模拟测试,得出了整个飞机的天线布局方案。并提出当出现天线间隔离度太小,可能导致相互间干扰时,从系统层面上考虑分时或分频工作,而需要同时工作的不同频率的天线,应在系统链路上附加滤波器等措施,提高天线发射机对谐波和三阶交调系数的抑制。     

Successive blind multi-target adaptive antenna array and interference cancellation for DS-CDMA

An effective design of successive joint blind multi-target (MT) adaptive antenna array (AAA) and interference cancellation is presented for multi-user detection of DS-CDMA. The MT-AAA employs the adaptive block size least square-constant modulus algorithm (LS-CMA) with pre-despreading at each antenna element combined with a simple weight adaptive canceller. The combined process is repeated successively for the detection of all users without any knowledge of the channel or training sequences. It is shown to utilise the advantages of both techniques and provides improved performance in fading channel for the near-far problem, in-beam interference, and a high number of users     

An optical subarray antenna having antenna nulling applications

A linear subarray type optical antenna is considered for adaptive applications. The antenna has a small number of subarrays whose radiation patterns cover the region occupied by targets and interference in a near-optimum fashion. The subarray design is such that very low subarray pattern sidelobes are produced, thereby allowing operation in the presence of additional strong interference outside the subarray beams. The design of a near-optimum sheet metal antenna to perform these functions is described and the performance is analyzed.     

一种旁瓣匿影天线系统设计

旁瓣匿影是相控阵雷达采用的一种典型抗干扰技术。天线系统是旁瓣匿影的核心硬件设备,其设计直接关系到匿影波束能否有效压制干扰信号。针对目前旁瓣匿影容易出现的波束覆盖穿刺等问题,文中设计了一种旁瓣匿影天线系统,它包括全向匿影天线、低噪放耦合模块。通过匿影天线与低噪放集成设计提高匿影链路的干噪比。全向匿影天线采用方位全向双极化天线设计,水平极化匿影天线采用扁波导缝隙全向天线,垂直极化匿影天线采用扁平双锥全向天线。仿真结果表明,两种天线可实现方位向水平极化与垂直极化的全向覆盖。经实测验证,匿影波束能完整覆盖主天线副瓣区,可有效提升雷达系统的抗干扰能力。     

GEOSAT Follow-On Water Vapor Radiometer: Performance With a Shared Active/Passive Antenna

The GEOSAT Follow-On mission marks the first time that an Earth-orbiting microwave radiometer and radar have shared the same antenna. The antenna design must simultaneously accommodate the radar's high-gain requirement and the high beam efficiency needed by the radiometer. Guaranteeing sufficiently high isolation between the radar transmitter and the radiometer receivers is also a critical part of the antenna design. The radiometer receiver includes a transmitter blanking circuit to further mitigate possible radar interference. Preflight and on-orbit tests of the antenna and radiometer receivers and an evaluation of end-to-end radiometric accuracy are presented. Together, they demonstrate that the shared-antenna approach can be implemented without compromising radiometric performance     

The effects of reflector antenna diffraction on the interference cancellation performance of coherent sidelobe cancellers

While adaptive antenna technology has undergone significant development, little attention has been given to the impact of antenna design on the performance of the adaptive system. A need exists to factor the details of the antenna system response into the analysis of adaptive system performance, particularly in the case where adaptive cancellation is required over a broad bandwidth. At extremely high frequency (EHF) where wide bandwidth allocations exist, reflector antenna technology used with an adaptive sidelobe canceller design is appropriate. This paper uses a simple diffraction model to compare the adaptive performance differences between Cassegrain and offset reflector designs. The reduced diffraction of the offset reflector design results in improved cancellation performance. These analyses also provide the opportunity to explore the impacts of antenna design parameters and interference power levels and arrival directions.     

具有陷波特性的超宽带分形缝隙天线

结合超宽带缝隙天线和分形结构的优点,设计了一种具有陷波特性的超宽带分形缝隙天线.选择E形缝隙结构,并在缝隙下边缘采用树状分形,构造半波长谐振结构,实现了天线的陷波功能,有效地避免了超宽带频带范围内的系统干扰.给出了天线设计的总体思路,通过理论分析和仿真测试,对天线的阻抗特性、增益进行了研究.结果表明,该陷波天线的阻抗频带为3 GHz ～12 GHz,在5 GHz～6.25 GHz频带内具有陷波特性.同时,分形结构的引入极大地缩小了天线的尺寸.     

Area coverage adaptive nulling from geosynchronous satellites: Phased arrays versus multiple-beam antennas

Antenna design trade-offs associated with providing an area coverage communication link via a geosynchronous satellite, where the geographical area to be serviced by the associated adaptive antenna system is characterized by a narrow-cone angle directed at an a priori known region on the earth's surface, are considered. Interference sources within and just surrounding the coverage area are adaptively nulled; interference sources located far from the coverage area are minimized by designing the antenna system to have low sidelobes outside the coverage area. This minimizes the number of adaptive channels which must be processed, with subsequent decrease in satellite weight and power requirements. The antenna design trade-off is between the phased array (PA) and the multiple-beam antenna (MBA). Three specific performance factors are considered in the MBA/PA design trade-off: susceptibility to out-of-coverage-area interference sources which use up the adaptive degrees of freedom allocated to the desired coverage area; effects of reduced link margin for low-gain thinned arrays; and nulling bandwidth restrictions imposed on spread spectrum communication systems. Three classes of PA's are considered: filled arrays, high gain thinned arrays, and low-gain thinned arrays.     

一种多用户波束优化设计的分析与仿真

智能天线技术可以在提高移动通信服务容量和质量的同时而不占用更多的频谱资源。文中就一种利用切比雪夫天线阵来实现智能天线下行波束的优化设计进行了详细分析和仿真。理论分析和仿真结果表明，与其它方法相比，该方法具有空间分辨率高，同信道干扰可控，且计算量小，鲁棒性好，用户波束个数不受阵元个数限制的优点。