两流板坯连铸中间包结构优化水模实验研究

通过两流板坯中间包水模实验,研究了抑湍器以及不同控流装置的组合对中间包流动特性的影响.结果表明,合理使用抑湍器能延长开始响应时间,提高平均停留时间和活塞流体积.抑湍器和垱坝组合控流效果良好,且结构简单.由抑湍器、垱坝和挡渣堰组成的控流装置使中间包流场更加合理,优化后的中间包平均停留时间由原先的188 s提高到218 s,活塞流体积分数由3.50%提高到15.41%,死区体积分数由41.57%降低到32.15%.     

U形控流装置优化三流中间包流场的水模实验

以某钢厂三流T形中间包为原型,通过常温水模实验,采用中间包配置U形控流装置方法,研究U形挡墙及导流孔的不同组合对中间包流场的优化效果。实验结果表明方案Ⅳ为最优方案:平均停留时间为546～680 s,死区体积分数为21%～35.2%,相邻水口响应时间极差小于5 s。     

连铸中间包内流场控制优化水模实验研究

根据相似原理,研究了原设计方案和优化改进方案对中间包流场的影响。采用刺激-响应实验方法测得中间包流体的平均停留时间分布(RTD)曲线,并得到不同方案控流装置对中间包流体流动的影响,从而优化对中间包流场的控制。研究结果表明:方案4中活塞区体积分数增大了42.44%,钢液平均停留时间延长了500s左右,并且提高了中间包各流之间的钢液均匀性,从而促进夹杂物的上浮去除。     

连铸中间包充氩效果优化研究

通过研究冷态条件下管道压力、孔径、中间包孔盖、中间包密封等因素对中间包内氧含量的影响,优化中间包密封效果,并在热态条件下进行实践,结果表明中间包密封性良好的情况下,中间包预充氩后氧含量均达1%以下且中间包充氩150s后,包内氧含量基本已达最低值。     

小方坯中间包挡墙参数优化和物理模拟的研究

浇注小方坯的中间包控流装置一般为中间包挡墙,其影响中间包流场的参数主要有孔径、孔倾角、孔间距、孔高等。研究针对某厂中间包技术改进,采用了水模型对其中间包挡墙参数进行了优化设计。实验通过显著性分析研究了影响中间包流场的参数顺序,并通过正交实验寻找最优流场。     

板坯连铸中间包结构优化的水模拟试验研究

依据相似原理，建立1：3的水力学试验模型，按照L16（4^3）正交试验表安排正交试验方案，优化板坯连铸中间包的结构．试验结果表明，优化后的中间包流场更加合理，死区体积比例减小，活塞区体积比例增大，有利于中间包冶金效果的充分发挥．     

二流连铸中间包内型优化水模试验

以相似原理为基础,用水模拟钢液研究中间包内的钢水流动特征,通过测定模型中间包内停留时间分布曲线(RTD),计算其平均停留时间及死区、活塞区和混合区的体积。试验表明,经过改进的中间包,其最短停留时间由20s增加到54s,平均停留时间由249s增加到305s,死区体积则由30．34％降低到14．74％,优化了中间包内的流场。     

板坯中间包控流装置结构优化的水模研究

根据相似原理,按照1：2比例对中间包建立水力学模型。考虑坝高、堰离底部高度、坝堰间距、堰与长水口注入点间距等参数对中间包内流场的影响,依据工厂实际工艺参数设计实验方案。对实验结果进行分析,结果表明：对原中间包结构进行优化,减小堰离底部距离及堰与注入点间的距离,钢液在中间包内响应时间由69.0 s延迟至75.0 s,平均停留时间由418.0 s增长至555.4 s,死区体积比例则由28.4%降至18.3%。     

马钢CSP中间包水模实验研究

通过水力学模拟和正交实验方法,研究了马钢CSP中间包内钢液的流动模式和夹杂物排除情况,优化出中间包内设置挡渣墙和坝流控制方案,提出了浇注过程中中间包合理液面高度的控制参数.     

五流大方坯中间包流场优化

针对某钢厂五流大方坯中间包3流铸坯探伤不合格率较高的问题,采用数值模拟方法,研究不同结构中间包钢液的流场。结果表明,该钢厂现使用的中间包结构不合理,近流有短路流出现,且各流差异较大,不利于去除钢液中的夹杂物和提高各流间钢液的均匀性;采用大冲击区,挡墙中墙不开孔、侧墙开4个孔,设置2个坝的中间包结构最佳;中间包结构优化后,消除了近流的短路流,中间包钢液平均停留时间达652.9 s,各流示踪剂浓度的标准差仅为0.011 9,死区体积分数也仅为21.96%,既有利于夹杂物上浮去除,也保证了各流间钢液的均匀性。     

八流中间包内型优化水模实验

根据相似原理,利用水模拟钢液流动来研究中间包内流场的流动状况,通过调节中间包内挡墙位置及其开孔大小来改善和优化中间包内的流场。对比计算机采集的RTD数据及用墨汁作为示踪剂的照片寻求出最优化方案。得出经过改进的中间包各流平均停留时间增加50-90s,死区体积由25％～30％降低到14％～19％,活塞流的体积比从8％～13％增加到26％-27％,优化了中间包内的流场。     

Dynamic self-adaptive ANP algorithm and its application to electric field simulation of aluminum reduction cell

Region partition(RP) is the key technique to the finite element parallel computing(FEPC),and its performance has a decisive influence on the entire process of analysis and computation.The performance evaluation index of RP method for the three-dimensional finite element model(FEM) has been given.By taking the electric field of aluminum reduction cell(ARC) as the research object,the performance of two classical RP methods,which are Al-NASRA and NGUYEN partition(ANP) algorithm and the multi-level partition(MLP) method,has been analyzed and compared.The comparison results indicate a sound performance of ANP algorithm,but to large-scale models,the computing time of ANP algorithm increases notably.This is because the ANP algorithm determines only one node based on the minimum weight and just adds the elements connected to the node into the sub-region during each iteration.To obtain the satisfied speed and the precision,an improved dynamic self-adaptive ANP(DSA-ANP) algorithm has been proposed.With consideration of model scale,complexity and sub-RP stage,the improved algorithm adaptively determines the number of nodes and selects those nodes with small enough weight,and then dynamically adds these connected elements.The proposed algorithm has been applied to the finite element analysis(FEA) of the electric field simulation of ARC.Compared with the traditional ANP algorithm,the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been shortened approximately from 260 s to 13 s.This proves the superiority of the improved algorithm on computing time performance.     

板坯连铸中间包内钢液流场和浓度场的数值模拟

采用FLUENT软件对板坯连铸中间包内的流场和浓度场进行数值模拟,分析中间包内有无挡墙以及挡墙参数变化引起中间包内流场、浓度场的变化情况。模拟结果表明,湍流控制器与挡墙的优化配合使中间包内钢液的平均停留时间由502 s延长至573 s,死区体积分数由29.7%降为14.4%,优化挡墙与挡坝参数有利于钢液温度和成份的均匀,及夹杂物的上浮去除。     

修正混合律在双相钢拉伸变形行为研究中的应用

运用修正混合律模型对双相钢应力应变分配及其与拉伸变形行为的关系进行了研究,提供了测定随应变变化的应力应变分配系数ｑ的方法。研究表明,利用ｑ值,修正混合律可以很好地描述双相钢拉伸变形行为。随应变的增加,ｑ值变小,应力比σｍ／σｆ增加,应变比εｆ／εｍ减小;两相的变形状态对双相钢的变形行为有重要影响;铁素体迅速应变硬化和铁素体到马氏体的载荷传递使双相钢具有较高的初始应变硬化速率和较高的强度。     

Effect of friction heat on tribological behavior of M2 steel against GCr15 steel in dry sliding systems

The tribological behavior depends significantly on friction heat under high sliding velocity. Many factors influence the conduction rate of friction heat, such as thermophysical properties of the pairs, the formation components of interface-film, environ- ment mediums, etc. Through theoretical and experimental studies on surface temperature, the heat partition approaches have been applied to the pairs of M2 steel against GCr15 steel to compare and discuss their tribological behavior in dry sliding contact. The re- sults indicate that the values of the contact pressure have little effect on the heat partition at a high sliding velocity of 40 m/s. Fur- thermore, the degree of correlation between the dynamic temperature and friction coefficient is obvious, and the correlation degree of parameters increases as the pressure grows. A close correlation exists among the temperatures measured from different points of the pin specimen. At last, X-ray diffraction analysis denotes that the carbides of secondary M6C are separated out during the process of friction.     

城市内河底泥与上覆水的污染物相互关系试验研究

针对福州市晋安区水系5个点位的河道底泥与其上覆水,开展有机质、总氮总磷、重金属污染物含量试验,采用分配系数定义底泥污染物和水中污染物的浓度比值,通过有机质、总氮总磷、重金属污染物的分配系数分析底泥其与上覆水中污染物的关联性,导入分配系数标准差与相关系数的关系,探讨底泥与上覆水污染物的关联度,进而明确其关键影响因素。结果表明：不同污染物在底泥与其上覆水中的分配比重不同,上覆水与底泥中污染物的相关系数差异较大,污染物分配系数越稳定,底泥与其上覆水中污染物的相关性越高;底泥中黏粒含量、有机质含量及塑性指数对污染物分配系数具有显著影响,污染物分配系数均随底泥黏粒含量的增加而增大,重金属分配系数随着底泥有机质含量的增加而增大;有机质分配系数与总氮分配系数随塑性指数的增大大致呈增大趋势,各重金属分配系数的对数值与底泥塑性指数之间具有良好的线性关系。     

Implementation and control of asymmetric thermal environment in two-dimensional rectangular enclosure

Laminar natural convection in an enclosure divided by an adiabatic partition on its bottom with two unequal discrete heat sources was investigated numerically. The effect of the partition on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics in enclosure under asymmetric heating condition was studied. The parameters are the Rayleigh number (1×10⁴≤Ra≤1×10⁶) and the height of partition (0≤h/H≤0.70). The streamlines are produced for various Rayleigh numbers. The results reflected by variations of the average Nusselt number in terms of the height of partition illustrates the convection heat transfer in the enclosure. The role of the partition is to weaken or cut off the heat removal rate from the strong heat source to the weak heat source. It is analyzed that the optimum height of the partition to break the linkage between the strong and weak heat source increases with increasing Rayleigh number. Foundation item: Project(50408019) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Thermal partition of two asymmetric discrete heat sources by cold air curtain

A partition solution implemented by a cold air curtain for two asymmetric discrete heat sources in a two-dimensional rectangular enclosure was numerically studied. Main attentions were focused on the effects of Reynolds number, Grashof number, separation distance between heat sources, and buoyancy ratio. It is found that the airflow and heat transfer are not only determined by governing parameters, but also affected by boundary conditions. It is also found that nearly symmetry of flow structure corresponds to nearly thermal partition, and the symmetry can be enhanced when Reynolds number, separation distance and buoyancy ratio increase. In addition, it is observed that there is a minimum Reynolds number for obtaining nearly thermal partition, which increases when Grashof number increases. Foundation item: Project (50408019) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China