A compact repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge

Uniform and stable discharge plasma requires very short duration pulses with fast rise times. A repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge is presented in this paper. It is constructed with all solid-state components. Two-stage magnetic compression is used to generate a short duration pulse. Unlike in some reported studies, common commercial fast recovery diodes instead of a semiconductor opening switch (SOS) are used in our experiment that plays the role of SOS. The SOS-like effects of four different kinds of diodes are studied experimentally to optimize the output performance. It is found that the output pulse voltage is higher with a shorter reverse recovery time, and the rise time of pulse becomes faster when the falling time of reverse recovery current is shorter. The SOS-like effect of the diodes can be adjusted by changing the external circuit parameters. Through optimization the pulse generator can provide a pulsed voltage of 40 kV with a 40 ns duration, 10 ns rise time, and pulse repetition frequency of up to 5 kHz. Diffuse plasma can be formed in air at standard atmospheric pressure using the developed pulse generator. With a light weight and small packaging the pulse generator is suitable for gas discharge application.     

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier discharge

One of the specific features of the barrier electric discharge is the short duration of microdischarge processes that last about tens of nanoseconds. A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier electric discharge is presented. A voltage of tens of kilovolts is usually applied to electrodes of the discharge cell. The peak values of the current pulse may be very high (from a few amperes to several tens of amperes). The presented high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator, having a sufficiently simple design, ensures quite good pulse repetition stability, and, when necessary, allows one to easily tune characteristics of pulses and their repetition rates by changing the geometrical, electrical, and physical-chemical parameters of the setup.     

A compact high-voltage pulse generator with opening insulated-gate bipolar transistor switch and a high pulse repetition rate

A small-size high-voltage (～20 kV) microsecond pulse generator, which is based on a pulse transformer and loaded into a reactor with a pulse corona discharge, is described. Insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) that form the switch are used in the low-voltage circuit of the generator. When the switch is open, voltage pulses with an amplitude of up to 1000 V are created across it and, hence, across the primary winding of the transformer. The pulse repetition rate of the generator is ～20000 pulses/s.     

A barrierless pulse discharge cell

A barrierless plasmachemical ozone generator, operating on the corona discharge, is studied. A high-voltage pulse power source and a discharge chamber are its basic elements. For obtaining high-voltage pulses with duration of several tens nanoseconds, a rotating discharger is connected to the output of a highvoltage direct-current source. The studied barrierless discharge chamber is characterized by a high efficiency of ozone synthesis, design simplicity, and minimal sizes. As compared to discharge chambers of other types, its advantage is that a corona discharge virtually fully fills its volume. Due to this fact, ozone is synthesized almost in the whole volume of the discharge chamber, resulting in attaining its high concentration at the chamber output. A productivity equal to 30 g/m³ and higher was reached in the experiments.     

Operation mode of the proton injector in the linac of the Institute for Nuclear Research with a 100-Hz pulse repetition rate

Results of the analysis and upgrading of the high-voltage pulse generator circuit in the proton injector for operation with a 100-Hz pulse repetition rate are presented.     

微细电火花加工用晶体管脉冲电源的研究

在传统晶体管脉冲电源的基础上，研制开发了一种适用于微细加工的晶体管脉冲电源，这种脉；中电源可以满足微细加工中粗加工、精加工的不同需要，可实现最小脉宽为50ns的放电电流。通过微细孔加工实验，对所开发的晶体管脉冲电源的加工特性与传统的RC脉冲电源进行了分析比较，实验结果表明前者的加工效率约为后者的2～6倍。     

Generators of high-voltage pulses with a repetition rate of 50000 pulses per second

We study the schematic and mechanical features of frequency (∼50000 pulses/s) generators of high-voltage (up to 10 kV) pulses of the microsecond range. We analyze (with the purpose of decreasing energy consumed from the power network) the energy transfer process from a low-voltage discharge circuit (with insulated-gate bipolar transistors as commutators) by means of a step-up pulse transformer to the load. We implement the design of a generator with pulse front sharpening in the load (into a reactor with pulsed corona discharge) using a multigap air discharger. The maximum achieved pulse repetition rate with a sharpened front was ∼27 000 pulses/s and a voltage of ∼3 kV.     

Basic study on pulse generator for micro-EDM

An RC pulse generator can easily generate a pulse on-time as short as a several dozen nanoseconds in micro-electro-discharge machining (micro-EDM), but its discharge frequency is low due to the time needed to charge the capacitor in micro-EDM, which has a strong negative effect on the pulse generator’s working efficiency. Therefore, a new transistor-type isopulse generator has been developed for micro-EDM in this research. Evaluation of the machining characteristics proved that the transistor-type isopulse generator is suitable for micro-EDM. The experimental results reveal that the transistor-type pulse train generator is unsuitable for micro-EDM due to its low removal rate: 80-ns and 30-ns pulse on-times of discharge current can be obtained by using the transistor-type isopulse generator developed in this research, and the removal rate of this generator is two or three times higher than that of the traditional RC pulse generator.     

A SOS-Generator for technological applications

A solid-state nanosecond SOS-generator for electrophysical technology applications is described. In the input part of the generator, the energy arrives at the high-voltage magnetic compressor through IGBT modules and a step-up pulse transformer. The input part of the generator is equipped with an unused energy recuperation circuit, and, when the output pulse is formed, the microsecond pumping mode of the semiconductor opening switch (SOS) is realized. As a result, the complete efficiency of the generator operating into a matched load is increased from ∼40 to 60–62%. The other characteristics of the generator are as follows: the peak voltage is up to 60 kV, the current is up to 6 kA, the pulse duration is about 40 ns, the pulse repetition rate in the continuous mode is 1 kHz, and the average output power is up to 9 kW.     

A generator of electrical discharges in water

A semiconductor high-voltage pulse generator for the electric-discharge water purification is described. It is based on a low-voltage capacitor storage, step-up pulse transformer, and high-voltage output circuit with a recuperation section returning inefficiently used energy to the power source of the capacitor storage.     

A High-Power Diode–Dynistor Generator for Gas-Discharge Technologies

Instruments and Experimental Techniques - A high-voltage pulse generator is considered that contains an output circuit based on series-connected assemblies of reverse switched-on dynistors and...     

Magnetotransistor generator for powering a copper vapor laser

A generator designed to excite a copper vapor laser is described. A high-voltage switch used in the generator circuit is based on ten IGBT transistors connected in series and operates jointly with two sections of magnetic pulse compression. A Kulon LT-10Cu sealed-off and self-heated gas-discharge tube with an average consumed power of 1.4 kW is used as an active element. The maximum power emitted by the active element is 13 W, at which the amplitude of the current flowing through this element is 180 A, the pulse duration at the base is 100 ns, and the pulse repetition rate is 17 kHz.     

A high-voltage semiconductor rectangular-pulse generator for powering a barrier discharge

A semiconductor rectangular-pulse generator with smoothly controlled output parameters for powering a barrier discharge was developed and investigated. The generator allows the formation of voltage pulses with the smoothly regulated amplitude (0–16 kV) and duration (600 ns–1 ms) across the discharge gap. The pulse rise and fall times can be varied from 40 ns to 1 μs. The generator pulse repetition rate can be smoothly varied from 0 to 50 kHz. The generator can operate in the manual-triggering mode and in the mode of pulse trains with an effective frequency of up to 500 kHz. The generator is intended for initiating and investigating a barrier discharge in millimeter-wide air gaps at the atmospheric pressure.     

A high-voltage pulse generator for electric-discharge technologies

The electric circuit and design of a high-volta ge pulse generator with an output voltage of ≥3 50 kV is described. The generator operates in the nanosecond range of pulse durations (~300 ns) at a repetition rate of up to 10 pulses/s in a continuous mode and is intended for electric-discharge technologies. The energy stored in the generator is ~600 J, and the energy released in a pulse is ≥300 J. A discharge of a capacitive storage through a toroidal pulsed transformer and a discharge gap is used in the generator.     

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for exciting diffuse gas discharges at atmospheric pressure

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator intended for studying diffuse discharges in gases at pressures close or equal to atmospheric pressure is described. The generator produces pulses with an ∼50-ns (at half-height) duration, a >50-kV voltage amplitude, a 10- to 12-ns rise time, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 1 kHz across an equivalent load (1.3 kΩ, 15 pF). The generator is based on available cheap components, and the amplitude (energy) of output pulses and their repetition rate can be promptly regulated in a wide range. The generator is immune to noise and reliable.     

A magnetic-thyristor pulse generator for electric-discharge technologies

A generator is described that is intended for operation in the area of electric-discharge technologies. Depending on the electrical strength of the load, the generator produces voltages of up to 50 kV, the dissipated energy of the pulse is up to 200 J, and the pulse repetition rate is up to 100 Hz. The generator is based on the direct discharge of capacitors to a discharge gap through a coaxial cable with a length of up to 200 m and without additional switching components. The circuit stabilizing the pulse energy due to recuperation of the unused energy in the filter capacitor of the power supply is used to stabilize the energy dissipated by the load.     

电流型电火花加工脉冲电源的研究

分析了传统独立电火花加工脉冲电源和逆变式电火花加工脉冲电源的不足,论述了电源型电火花加工脉冲电源的工作原理,大量的样机和独立式脉冲电源的对比工艺试验表明,电流型脉冲电源不仅满足了电火花加工多项性能指标的要求,而且达到了高效节能的效果。     

基于 CPLD的双通道高压脉冲信号源

针对声波测井压电陶瓷换能器容性大的负载特性,采用单片机和CPLD相结合的方式设计了一种输出幅度高、驱动电流大、脉冲宽度可调的双通道高压脉冲信号源。系统利用C8051F350单片机及PWM控制芯片MM33060A,并结合自耦变压器反激式升压电路将12 V直流供电电压抬升至300 V。采用CPLD产生精确的频率可控的300 V脉冲电压,利用脉冲变压器进一步提升电压,得到了上千伏的高压激励脉冲。实验结果标明,设计的信号源在激励压电陶瓷换能器时,负载上得到了比较理想的波形,波形上升沿陡峭,无拖尾及振荡现象,满足实际应用需求。     

Rectangular Pulse Generation Based on High-Voltage Transistor Switches Operating in Synchronous and Asynchronous Modes

Instruments and Experimental Techniques - Two modes (synchronous and asynchronous) of operation of a high-voltage pulse generator, which is based on parallel-connected high-voltage switches (HVSs)...     

A high-power generator of nanosecond pulses with an amplitude of up to 500 kV and a repetition rate of up to 50 Hz

A pulsed-power high-voltage generator, which is combined with an electric-discharge chamber, is designed for selective disintegration of quartz raw minerals and other nonconductive natural and artificial materials. The main parameters of the generator are as follows: the voltage-pulse amplitude, up to 500 kV; the discharge-current amplitude, up to 30 kA; the duration of current pulses (the half-period an oscillatory discharge), 70–90 ns; and the pulse repetition rate, up to 50 Hz. The generator is characterized by a high efficiency, a long service life, the possibility of long continuous operation, and the fulfillment of the electromagnetic compatibility requirements. The experience of the operation of three constructed installations testifies to their high reliability: the number of accumulated pulses in a typical mode (450 kV, 20 Hz) exceeded 108 pulses without a repair or replacement of units.