喷射成形Al—Zn—Mg—Cu系高强铝合金的组织与性能

利用喷射成形工艺制备了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系高强铝合金材料,研究了热挤压工艺与热处理工艺对材料微观组织与力学性能的影响,在峰时效的情况下材料表现出了高的力学性能指标,抗拉强度达到754MPa,屈服强度达到722ＭＰa,断裂延伸率达到8%,与采用传统铸造变形工艺制备的同类合金相比（σb≥610MPa,σ0.2≥580MPa,δ≥4%),性能有了明显的提高。合金性能的提高与其基体中呈弥散分布的Mg7Zn3相有很大的关系,合金的主要强化机制是沉淀强化。     

喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的组织与性能研究

对喷射沉积制备的高zn（11．3wt％）Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金进行挤压和热处理,并测试了力学性能。通过透射电镜和扫描电镜对拉伸试样的微观组织进行了研究,提出了合金的强化机制。结果表明,该喷射沉积Al-Zn-Mg-cu合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为849MPa、796MPa和3．3％。合金的强化主要来源于纳米晶强化、固溶强化以及沉淀强化。断口分析显示,合金的断裂方式主要为沿晶断裂。     

喷射成形Zn—27Al—1Cu合金制备滑动轴承

研究了喷射成形Zn-27Al-1Cu合金棒坯的制备技术、热挤压工艺以及Zn-27Al-1Cu合金滑动轴承的制备技术,分析了喷射成形Zn-27Al-1Cu合金的显微组织、力学性能、耐磨性能。实验结果表明：采用喷射成形制备的Zn-27Al-1Cu合金的棒坯经后续热挤压成形后,具有比传统铸造ZA27合金更高的力学性能和耐磨性能。这种由喷成形Zn-27AL-1Cu合金制造的滑动轴承在实际使用过程中,其寿命比传统材料制造的滑动轴承提高150％以上。     

喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金电子束焊接接头组织研究

采用真空电子束焊接的方法对10mm厚的喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金进行了焊接实验。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法分析了焊接接头的微观组织特点。结果表明,喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金电子束焊接接头由3个区域(近缝区母材、熔合区、热影响区)组成。焊缝宽0.3～1mm,熔合区由尺寸3～8μm的等轴细晶组成,析出相沿晶界均匀分布,晶内析出相较少;热影响区小部分区域发生了重熔,存在大量的共晶组织,部分保留了母材的原始组织特征。经T6处理后熔合区晶粒尺寸无明显变化,晶界变细,沿晶界分布的连续析出相溶解,变成了孤立的析出相,尺寸1～2μm。同时存在少量长约2μm的针状(棒)的Al7Cu2Fe相,热影响区共晶组织消失。     

喷射成形含锰Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的显微组织

为提高Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的强度,利用喷射成形的方法制备了含锰Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金锭,并利用X射线衍射（XRD）、光镜（OP）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和示差扫描热分析（DSC）研究了其微观组织特征。结果表明：喷射沉积坯主要由晶粒尺寸为5～25μm的细小等轴晶粒、MgZn2和Al6Mn相组成。纳米级的MgZn2颗粒弥散分布于基体,而平均尺寸为5μm的Al6Mn一次相颗粒沿晶界析出。沉积合金中也发现了少量的CuAl2,Al3Zr和共晶组织。沉积坯中缩孔疏松的体积分数约为12%。DSC分析结果说明大部分溶质原子在喷射成形过程中析出,在450℃以下的加热过程中没有明显的热反应发生。随着退火温度的升高,基体晶粒和Al6Mn颗粒单调长大,但Al6Mn颗粒的长大速率显著低于基体晶粒的长大速率。当退火温度高于375℃时,基体晶粒迅速长大。     

喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金时效沉淀相分析

利用喷射成形技术制备了超高强Al12Zn2.4Mg1.1Cu合金。随后对试验合金进行热挤压,758K固溶2h和393K时效20h,利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对时效后的合金进行形貌、选区电子衍射、高分辨像观察,得到各种沉淀相形貌和析出相与基体的位相关系。经过标定后确定,时效后的合金中存在3种纳米级沉淀相:η′相、GP(II)区、L12-Al3Zr,GP(II)区和Al3Zr与基体共格结合。     

喷射沉积AlZn11Mg2Cu1合金的时效行为与组织特征

对喷射沉积法制备的AlZn11Mg2Cu1合金在120℃,140℃,160℃三种不同温度下的单级时效动力学过程进行了试验研究.结果表明,试验合金的峰值时效工艺为140℃,保温5 h;用TEM对峰值时效状态的试验合金进行了微观组织分析.分析表明,合金的主要强化相为GP区、η′相以及少量的η相,其尺寸约为5 nm～10 nm.     

挤压态喷射成形Mg12Al1.5Zn6.5Ca1Nd镁合金组织及力学性能

利用喷射成形技术制备了Mg12Al1.5Zn6.5Ca1Nd镁合金,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段,研究了挤压态实验合金的微观组织及力学性能。结果表明:挤压态实验合金组织主要由α-Mg和Al2Ca组成,合金组织为等轴晶,晶粒大小约为2μm,第二相Al2Ca颗粒主要弥散分布在晶界处,颗粒平均尺寸小于1μm;基体内存在位错网及位错塞积,Al2Ca相中存在孪晶结构;合金抗拉强度(σb)、屈服强度(σ0.2)、延伸率(δ)分别为470 MPa、350 MPa、4.7%,主要强化方式为细晶强化、弥散强化、固溶强化;断口存在微孔聚合形成的孔洞,孔洞底部的杂质相或孔洞周围硬脆相与基体之间易萌生微裂纹,合金断裂机制为微孔聚合型沿晶断裂。     

喷射成形Al9Zn2.9Mg3.0Mn1.7Cu合金沉积坯显微组织分析

利用喷射成形工艺制备了Al9Zn2.9Mg3.0Mn1.7Cu超高强铝合金材料,用金相、XRD、SEM、TEM等测试方法对其显微组织进行了分析.研究结果显示,基体组织由细小的等轴晶粒构成,晶粒平均尺寸约为12 μm.沉积坯主要由α-Al、Al6Mn、MgZn2相组成,晶界处尚有少量Al2Cu相和鱼骨状四元共晶TAlZnMgCu相.Al6Mn相一般呈短棒状或盘状,大部分含锰颗粒的尺寸＜5 μm,Al6Mn相主要沿晶界析出,少量在晶内析出;细小的MgZn2相则弥散分布于铝合金基体内,其尺寸一般为数十个纳米.     

喷射成形Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压态的组织和力学性能

研究了利用喷射成形辅以挤压制备Al-5.72Zn-2.36Mg-1.66Cu合金后优化的组织结构特征和力学性能。结果表明,合金基体组织均匀细化,晶粒形貌趋于圆整,平均晶粒大小达到10 μm左右。当合金的冷却条件通过快速凝固技术改变时,会产生不同程度的固溶强化效果和第二相弥散强化效果,从而改善了合金的整体性能。合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别平均提高了20%左右,且伸长率也略有提高。     

Tensile and high-cycle fatigue properties of spray formed Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys after two-stage aging treatment

1 Introduction Ultra-high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys have been widely used in the aerospace industry, traffic department and other areas because of high strength, light density and other excellent properties[1,2]. During the past decades, increased effo…     

双级时效处理对喷射沉积Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

利用喷射成形技术制备Al-10．8Zn-2．8Mg—1.9Cu合金。借助透射电镜、高分辨电子显微镜和拉伸性能测试等手段研究双级时效处理对喷射沉积Al—Zn—Mg—Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，合金经120℃，16h＋150℃，2h双级时效后，晶内析出相略有长大，此时合金的强化机制是GP区和η相的综合强化。与峰时效条件相比，双级时效后合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别降低4．5％和3．5％，但合金组织中的晶界析出相完全断开，这对提高合金的抗应力腐蚀能力具有重要意义。     

Microstructural evolution during reactive spray forming of dispersion strengthened Cu alloy

Dispersion strengthened Cu alloy was fabricated by injecting Cu-B alloy powders into the spray of Cu-Ti droplets. The microstructures of over-sprayed powders and spray deposited billet were observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The over-sprayed powders were composed of not only Cu-B and Cu-Ti alloy powders but also small amounts of Cu-B alloy powders surrounded by Cu-Ti droplets. Fine dispersoids of TiB were observed in the Cu-B powders surrounded by Cu-Ti, indicating that very rapid reaction of Ti and B had occurred during the flight of the droplets. TiB dispersoids of ∼10 nm having an orientational relationship with the Cu matrix were distributed in the Cu-B alloy powder region and coarser TiB dispersoids of ∼50 nm were observed in the circumferencial Cu-Ti region. The spray deposited billet consisted of the regions showing a fine microstructure of round shape, presumably originating from the injected Cu-B alloy powders, and a relatively coarse cellular microstructure. TiB2 and TiB of ∼200 nm were observed along the grain and cell boundaries. Fine TiB dispersoids of ∼10 nm having an orientational relationship with the Cu matrix were observed in both regions. The solidification behavior, with special interest in (he formation of dispersoids, was examined based on this observation.     

Tensile and high-cycle fatigue properties of spray formed All 0.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys after two-stage aging treatment

Based on the investigation of the tensile properties of spray formed ultra-high strength Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys, the high-cycle fatigue properties under different theoretical stress concentration factors were investigated, the fatigue fracture surfaces and microstructures were observed, and the fatigue mechanism was discussed. The results indicate that the ultimate tensile strength of spray formed Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys can reach up to 730-740 MPa, and the elongation is about 8%-10% under the condition of two-stage aging treatment. For the stress ratio is 0.1, the maximum stress for 107 cycles is over 400 MPa and 120 MPa, when the theoretical stress concentration factor is 1 and 3, respectively.     

固溶-冷变形-时效工艺下超高强铝合金Al-13.01Zn-3.16Mg-2.8Cu-0.204Zr-0.0757Sr组织及性能研究

采用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、电子背散射衍射分析（EBSD）、电导率测试、硬度测试、拉伸试验、晶间腐蚀试验和剥落腐蚀试验,研究了冷变形对超高强铝合金Al - 13.01Zn - 3.16Mg - 2.8Cu - 0.204Zr - 0.0757Sr组织及性能的影响。结果表明,相比传统固溶—时效工艺,合金在固溶—冷压缩—时效工艺下平均晶粒尺寸减小,硬度、电导率、小角度晶界比例、抗拉和屈服强度增大和抗腐蚀性能变好。其中固溶—冷压缩—时效（100 ℃×24 h）工艺下合金的硬度、电导率、屈服、抗拉强度达到了243.0 HV、25.085 %IACS、683.2 MPa和734.7 MPa,延伸率为6.1%,且晶间腐蚀深度为23.81 um,晶间腐蚀等级为二级。     

喷射成形70Si30Al合金在加热保温过程中显微组织的演变规律

利用喷射成形技术制备了70Si30Al合金新型电子封装材料,研究了沉积态合金的显微组织及其随温度变化的规律。结果表明:沉积态70Si30Al合金显微组织细小,初生硅相为不规则的块状,均匀弥散分布,初生硅相之间主要是过饱和α(Al)相和铝硅伪共晶相;70Si30Al合金在620℃以下保温90 min,初生硅相没有明显长大,但随着温度的升高出现球化现象,过饱和α(Al)相没有显著变化,铝硅伪共晶相在566~582℃之间熔化,随着温度的升高,熔化相增多并互相凝聚在一起;合适的喷射成形70Si30Al合金热加工变形温度为560~590℃。     

Deformation mechanism of the spray formed 70Si30Al alloy during hot compression

1. Introduction The novel spray formed 70Si30Al alloy devel-oped for electronic packaging application has excel-lent physical characteristics [1-5], which include low coefficient of thermal expansion (6.8 × 10?6 K?1) that matches with that of the chip (Si or GaAs), high thermal conductivity (120 W/m·k) that represents the efficient removal of heat, and low density (2.4 g/cm3) that satisfies the requirement of lightweight in aerospace equipment and locomotive calculator (or communication de…     

喷射成形6061铝合金的热处理工艺

对喷射成形6061铝合金的热处理工艺进行研究,采用硬度测试、拉伸试验和透射电镜等研究固溶温度、时效温度和时效保温时间对合金显微组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:随固溶温度的升高,合金硬度也随之升高,而其抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率则先增大后减小;合金硬度、抗拉强度和屈服强度随时效温度的升高先增大后减小,断后伸长率却一直减小;合金硬度、抗拉强度和屈服强度曲线随时效温保温时间的延长呈驼峰状变化,断后伸长率则变化不大,只在17 h时有所增大;喷射成形6061铝合金的最佳热处理工艺为530℃固溶1 h+175℃时效8 h。     

Microstructures variation of spray formed Si-30%Al alloy during densification process

Microstructure variation of spray-formed Si-30%Al alloy during densification process by hot pressing was studied. The results indicate that the microstructure of as-deposited preforms is fine and homogenous. The primary silicon phases distributing in aluminium matrix evenly are fine and irregular. Aluminium matrix is divided into two groups： supersaturated α-Al phase or α-Al phase and Al-Si pseudo-eutectic phase or Al-Si eutectic phase. During hot pressing, the primary silicon and the aluminium matrix realign as follows： the primary silicon fractures at a given compressive stress, the particles congregates in microzone with increasing stress, and the aluminium matrix flows and connects in harness. Al-Si pseudo-eutectic phase turns into Al-Si eutectic phase due to the diffusion of atoms during densification process.