锈蚀后钢纤维和钢纤维混凝土的力学性能

通过对剪切型、铣削型、切断型3种钢纤维和钢纤维混凝土的快速锈蚀试验,研究了锈蚀前后钢纤维的外观、弯折性能和抗拉强度的变化,以及钢纤维混凝土经过不同锈蚀时间后的抗压强度和抗拉强度的变化规律.结果表明:随锈蚀时间的增加,钢纤维的锈蚀程度逐渐增大,弯折性能和抗拉强度逐渐降低,钢纤维混凝土的抗压强度和抗拉强度随之减小.但是抗压强度和抗拉强度的变化规律有所不同,当锈蚀时间较短时,抗压强度变化不明显,在锈蚀时间超过60d以后,抗压强度显著降低.而抗拉强度随锈蚀时间的增加逐渐下降.锈蚀时间相同时,抗拉强度的降低幅度比抗压强度的降低幅度小.切断型钢纤维的抗锈蚀能力相对较好,剪切型和铣削型钢纤维的抗锈蚀能力相对较差.     

异形钢纤维对超高性能混凝土增强增韧的影响

以钢纤维掺量、类型和分布方式为变量,测试了掺异形钢纤维超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的直接拉伸性能和弯曲韧性,并采用显微镜对这种钢纤维的拔出通道和拔断截面进行了观测.结果表明:异形钢纤维对UHPC具有较好的增强增韧效果,相应试件的直接拉伸强度、断裂能及裂后承载力均大幅提高,且其掺量越大,提高幅度越显著;当异形钢纤维沿拉应力方向有序分布时,与随机分布相比,更有利于UHPC的增强增韧;相比于端钩型钢纤维,在相同掺量下,波纹型钢纤维的增强增韧效果更佳,其拔出通道更加曲折,还存在被拉直的现象,这主要是由于其与基体间存在更强的机械咬合力所致;此外,在拉拔过程中,2种异形钢纤维的断口邻近截面均出现了明显的颈缩.     

定向钢纤维增强水泥基复合材料抗拉细观模拟

将钢纤维增强水泥基复合材料看作水泥砂浆基体和钢纤维夹杂组成的复合材料,采用扩展有限元法模拟了定向钢纤维增强水泥基复合材料受拉破坏的全过程.研究采用混合同余法生成随机数建立了钢纤维随机生成算法,进而生成了不同纤维掺量的定向钢纤维水泥砂浆细观数值模型.在考虑钢纤维与砂浆基体黏结滑移作用的基础上,模拟了定向钢纤维水泥砂浆受拉断裂全过程,得到了拉伸应力-应变全曲线.通过开展直拉试验,对细观数值模拟结果进行了验证.研究表明,细观数值模拟得到的全曲线结果与试验结果吻合较好,建立的细观模型有助于进一步揭示钢纤维增强水泥基复合材料的拉伸破坏机理.     

生态钢纤维混凝土弯曲韧性和断裂性能

为掌握生态钢纤维混凝土的弯曲韧性和断裂性能,分别对掺率(体积分数)为1.0%,1.7%,2.4%的2种异形生态钢纤维混凝土和掺率为0.7%,1.3%的原生高强钢纤维增强混凝土进行了无切口梁四点弯曲韧性试验和切口梁三点弯曲断裂试验。研究结果表明:生态钢纤维掺率为1.0%时,无切口梁四点弯曲荷载 挠度曲线和切口梁三点弯曲荷载 挠度及荷载 切口张开位移曲线在达到峰值后都出现局部陡降,试件残余强度较小,断裂韧度值较低,纤维对改善混凝土弯曲韧性和断裂性能的作用较小;当生态钢纤维掺率为1.7%时,混凝土弯曲韧性和断裂性能均得到显著提高,混凝土在变形达到15δ_ult,p（δ_ult,p为素混凝土峰值荷载对应的挠度）或70D_ult,p（D_ult,p为素混凝土峰值荷载对应的切口张开位移）水平时,依然具有较高的持荷能力和较好的韧性,波浪型生态钢纤维混凝土断裂能和断裂韧度是素混凝土的27.59倍和8.35倍;生态钢纤维掺率为2.4%时,混凝土弯曲韧性指标、断裂能和断裂韧度进一步增加;掺率为1.7%的生态钢纤维混凝土增韧和抗断裂效果与掺率为0.7%的原生高强钢纤维混凝土相当。     

高延性水泥基复合材料高温作用后的拉伸性能

高温是高延性水泥基复合材料(ECC)在服役过程中可能面临的最不利工况之一,对比研究了聚乙烯醇纤维增强ECC(PVA-ECC)与钢纤维/聚乙烯醇纤维混杂增强ECC(HyECC)在常温以及200℃、400℃、600℃高温作用后的拉伸性能。研究发现,常温下利用钢纤维等量替代PVA纤维将劣化PVA-ECC的拉伸应变硬化能力。高温对PVA-ECC和HyECC的拉伸强度和拉伸韧性均有明显的劣化作用,高温作用后均已不具备拉伸应变硬化能力;PVA-ECC的拉伸强度与拉伸韧性随温度呈指数型衰减,钢纤维可以减缓HyECC拉伸强度与拉伸韧性的衰减速率;高温作用改变了PVA-ECC和HyECC的微观结构,PVA纤维在200℃时的软化以及400℃后的分解是2种ECC材料拉伸性能高温劣化的主要原因。     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土力学性能试验研究

试验研究了聚丙烯纤维混凝土的抗压强度、抗剪强度、抗冲磨强度及弯曲性能，并与钢纤维混凝土进行了对比。结果表明：在混凝土基体不变情况下，低掺量聚丙烯纤维(掺量为0．91kg／m^3)略微降低混凝土的抗压强度和抗剪强度，少许提高混凝土的抗弯强度，显著提高混凝土的弯曲韧性和断裂能，从而起到阻裂和增韧作用，而对混凝土的抗冲磨性能几乎没有改善。另外．网状聚丙烯纤维对混凝土抗弯强度和韧性的改善优于聚丙烯单丝纤维，但它们较钢纤维的增强增韧效果还有一定差距。     

异形钢纤维改善混凝土性能研究

采用6种异形钢纤维在体积掺量分别为0.5%、1.0%的情况下,配制CF30、CF50异形钢纤维混凝土,试验结果表明,异形钢纤维混凝土抗折、抗剪和劈拉强度以及弯曲韧性,较基准混凝土有明显提高;干缩值降低,早期塑性开裂也明显减少;不同特征的异形钢纤维改性效果也存在差异。研究发现,《钢纤维混凝土试验方法》(CECS 13∶89)计算纤维混凝土承载能力变化系数的方法有偏差。     

砂率对钢锭铣削型钢纤维混凝土性能的影响

通过一系列试验对钢纤维混凝土力学性能进行了研究,主要分析了砂率对钢锭铣削型钢纤维增强混凝土抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度等力学性能的影响,得出了钢锭铣削型钢纤维增强混凝土在不同水泥用量下的合理砂率.     

钢-PVA混杂纤维高强再生骨料混凝土断裂性能

为提高再生骨料混凝土的断裂性能,通过三点弯曲梁断裂试验,研究钢纤维、钢-PVA混杂纤维对高强再生骨料混凝土(RAC)断裂性能的影响。结果表明：未掺纤维的高强RAC脆性较大,断裂性能差,而钢纤维、钢-PVA混杂纤维对高强RAC的断裂破坏延缓作用明显;钢纤维与PVA纤维混杂后的高强RAC比单掺钢纤维时,其荷载-变形曲线更为饱满且下降段更为平缓;单掺钢纤维时高强RAC的失稳韧度及断裂能显著提升,但起裂韧度基本没有提高,而钢纤维与PVA纤维混杂后RAC各项断裂参数均有明显改善,对其起裂韧度的提升效果较好,在体积掺量为0.2%的PVA纤维与体积掺量为1.0%的钢纤维混杂时混杂效应较优,对高强RAC各项断裂性能的改善效果最为理想。     

钢纤维体积率对高强混凝土断裂性能的影响

通过对相对切口深度为0.2、0.3、0.40、.5的钢纤维高强混凝土三点弯曲试验,研究钢纤维体积率对高强混凝土断裂性能的影响。结果表明:在相对切口深度为0.20、.3、0.4、0.5的条件下,随着钢纤维体积率的增大,钢纤维高强混凝土断裂韧度和断裂能均显著增加。通过对试验结果的统计分析,分别建立断裂韧度、断裂能与劈拉强度之间的关系式。     

Compressive and cyclic flexural response of double-hooked-end steel fiber reinforced concrete

Recent developments on high-performance double-hooked-end steel fibers have enhanced the wide applications of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). This study presents the compressive properties and the cyclic flexural performance of the SFRC that were experimentally examined. Three different double-hooked-end steel fibers at 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% volume fractions were considered. All fiber types had similar length to diameter ratios, while the first two fiber types had similar anchorage mechanisms (4D) and tensile strength and the third type had different anchorage mechanism (5D) and a higher tensile strength. The increased volumetric ratio of the fibers increased the post-peak compressive strain (ductility), the tensile strength, and the cyclic flexural strength and cumulative energy dissipation characteristics of the SFRC. Among the 4D fibers, the mixtures with the larger steel fibers showed higher flexural strength and more energy dissipation compared to the SFRCs with smaller size fibers. For 1% steel fiber dosage, 4D and 5D specimens showed similar cyclic flexural responses. Finally, a 3D finite element model that can predict the monotonic and cyclic flexural responses of the double-hooked-end SFRC was developed. The calibration process considered the results obtained from the inverse analysis to determine the tensile behavior of the SFRC.     

钢纤维自应力混凝土力学性能试验研究

研究了在三维乱向分布钢纤维的限制下,掺有钢纤维的硫铝盐酸自应力混凝土（SFRSC）的直接拉伸、抗压、 劈拉、抗折强度特性,由于钢纤维和基体间的摩阻限制所引入的自应力和钢纤维的三向限制作用,使得钢纤维对于自应力混凝土的增强效应要比对于普通混凝土的高,另外,在现有钢纤维混凝土强度计算模式的基础上,通过优化方法得出了对于不同目标自应力等级的自应力混凝土的钢纤维增强效应系数。     

混杂纤维增强延性水泥基复合材料力学性能与裂宽控制

为实现纤维增强延性水泥基复合材料高强度与高延性的匹配,在原有材料体系中附加钢纤维,试验研究了混杂聚乙烯醇(PVA)/钢纤维增强延性水泥基复合材料的轴拉、抗压性能.结果表明:随着钢纤维掺量的增加,混杂纤维增强延性水泥基复合材料开裂强度和抗拉强度不断提高,裂纹宽度显著降低,且钢纤维对高强基材的作用效果更加显著;当钢纤维掺量适量时,混杂纤维增强延性水泥基复合材料的极限拉应变得到有效提升,而钢纤维掺量对抗压性能的影响并不显著;PVA纤维和钢纤维混杂可获得高强度、高延性和低裂纹宽度的水泥基复合材料.     

钢筋超高性能混合纤维混凝土梁力学性能试验研究

超高性能纤维混凝土具有高强度（抗压、抗拉）、高延性和高耐久性的优势,但其抗拉强度仍远低于抗压强度。将端钩型和哑铃型钢纤维按不同比例混合,采取自密实成型和常温标准养护方法,试验研究了配置440MPa纵向钢筋的超高性能纤维混凝土梁。通过12根梁的静载试验,研究了钢纤维体积率为2.0%和2.5%时,不同纤维混合比例的钢筋超高性能纤维混凝土梁的力学性能。试验结果表明：加入钢纤维后梁的极限荷载和延性显著提高;在纤维体积率2.0%时,钢筋超高性能纤维混凝土梁比配筋相同的钢筋混凝土梁承载力提高20%~41%,延性系数提高3.9~6.7倍。钢筋端钩纤维混凝土梁的承载力和延性较钢筋混凝土梁分别提高39%和5.1倍,钢筋哑铃纤维混凝土梁的承载力和延性分别提高20%和3.9倍;钢筋混合纤维混凝土梁的承载力介于钢筋端钩和钢筋哑铃纤维混凝土梁之间。参照现行规范提出了钢筋超高性能纤维混凝土梁正截面极限弯矩的计算方法,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。图11表6参17     

Innovative Betone für Holz‐Beton‐Verbundkonstruktionen

Innovative concretes for timber‐concrete composite constructions. Timber‐concrete composite constructions are currently applied mainly for new buildings or when strengthening existing timber beam slabs. The load bearing capacity of timber‐concrete composite slabs is essentially affected by the material properties of the concrete slab and timber beam itself as well as the efficiency of bond between both parts. As nowadays a wide spectrum of different innovative concretes is available their applicability for timber‐concrete composite constructions has to be verified. In the following the focus is set for self‐consolidating concrete, steel fibre reinforced concrete, structural lightweight concrete, high‐strength and ultra high‐strength concrete. The advantages but also disadvantages of these concretes will be explained considering structural, economic and processing aspects and building physics.     

CFRP-钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能

对8根碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）短柱和4根CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）短柱进行了轴压试验,分析了CFRP约束效应系数、钢管截面形式以及钢管受力性能对CFRP-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）轴压短柱力学性能的影响。结果表明:CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力提高率随着约束效应系数的增加呈指数形式增长;在柱核心混凝土截面面积相同时,CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力比CFRP-方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-STCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力高50%以上;在弹性工作阶段,CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）柱的弹性模量高于CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的弹性模量;CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的极限承载力高于CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土柱的极限承载力;CFRP与钢管黏结良好时,CFRP与钢管能够协同工作。     

配筋钢纤维自应力混凝土的抗拉强度计算

通过直接拉伸试验，测量了配筋钢纤维自应力混凝土的抗拉强度，试验参数包括3个自应力等级，3个纤维体积率，4种配筋率。试验结果表明，在钢筋和钢纤维联合作用下，自应力混凝土的抗拉强度得到明显的提高，并由统计分析给出了钢筋纤维自应务混凝土的抗拉强度计算公式。     

The effect of fibers on the variation of bond between steel reinforcement and concrete with casting position

Bond to plain and deformed steel rebars was measured by pull-out testing along the height of wall-shaped specimens. The performances of steel, polypropylene and glass fiber reinforced concrete were compared with non-fiber concrete. The results did not indicate significant difference in the behavior of the concretes with plain bars. The differences in the bond with deformed bar were correlated with the cracking patterns as a function of fiber type and casting position. Steel fiber concrete had the highest bond reduction with concrete depth despite the highest bond strength, which was attributed to the segregation of steel fibers.     

Mechanical behaviour and fibre dispersion of hybrid steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete

In this study, mixture design, workability, fibre dispersion/orientation, mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of hybrid steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concretes (HSFRSCCs) were investigated. Three different types of steel fibres with and/or without hooked-ends were added to the mixtures in two different volume fractions (0.75 and 1.5% of the total volume of concrete). The results of slump flow, U-box, V-funnel and J-ring tests have shown that increasing the fibre content of the concretes slightly reduced the workability of HSFRSCC, and the main influencing factor on flowability is the geometry of fibres. The addition of fibres, although did not change the final flowability, decreased the rate of flowability. The results from the experimental tests showed that the flexural strengths increased slightly with increasing strength of long fibres, whereas the splitting tensile strength remained unchanged. The concretes with high strength, long steel fibres show behaviour of enhanced toughness and ductility compared to that with normal strength steel fibres. The orientation and distribution of fibres in concrete have been investigated by image analysis and it was observed that fibres dispersed homogeneously in all concrete series without any clumping. With increasing the amount of fibres, the fibres were more vertically orientated relative to the bending loading direction, resulting in enhancement in the mechanical properties of concrete.     

钢纤维高强混凝土轴拉性能试验研究

完成了22组共110个钢纤维高强混凝土试件的轴拉试验。分析研究了钢纤维高强混凝土的轴拉强度和劈拉强度的关系,钢纤维高强混凝土轴拉性能随钢纤维体积掺量、基体强度及钢纤维类型的变化规律。给出了钢纤维高强混凝土轴拉应力-应变全曲线的数学模型,根据试验数据的回归分析确定了曲线相关的参数。研究成果对钢纤维高强混凝土在结构中的应用提供了依据。