Advanced Catalytic Dehydrogenation Technologies for Production of Olefins

Catalytic dehydrogenation is a critical and growing technology for the production of olefins, especially for propylene production. This paper will give an overview of advances in the catalysis science and technology for production of olefins by catalytic dehydrogenation, including the concomitant removal of H₂ by selective oxidation. For light paraffin dehydrogenation, UOP has licensed the Oleflex? process widely for production of polymer-grade propylene as well as isobutylene with over 12 million metric tons of capacity announced. Today there are nine UOP C₃ Oleflex? units in operation accounting for 55?% of the installed world-wide propylene production capacity from propane dehydrogenation technology. The heart of the process is a noble metal multi-metallic catalyst and the continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) process. The coupling of catalytic dehydrogenation with selective oxidation of hydrogen allows one to design a process, which greatly improves equilibrium conversions while maintaining very high selectivity to olefin. The Lummus/UOP SMART? SM process (Styrene Monomer Advanced Reheat Technology) allows 30?C70?% capacity expansion, achieves a higher per-pass ethylbenzene conversion, and provides the most cost-effective revamp for higher capacity. Styrene Monomer Advanced Reheat Technology (SMART?) uses an oxidation catalyst and novel reactor internals to allow oxidative reheating between dehydrogenation stages. In the case of selective oxidation catalysts containing dispersed metal active sites, the role of diffusion and pore architecture is as important as the active metal sites.     

CYCLEMAX技术在连续重整装置上的应用

锦西石化分公司连续重整装置采用美国UOP公司超低压重整技术。热力学研究表明，低压有利于提高装置的液收、氢气产率和辛烷值，但低压操作催化剂积碳快，易失活，影响装置的长周期运转。为解决这个问题，UDP公司开发了第3代CYCLEMAX再生系统，CYCLEMAX技术的应用，可保证催化剂完全地连续再生，重整C5^ 生成油收率和H2收率可维持在新鲜催化剂的水平，装置的平均运行时间可达3．4年以上，从而有效地发挥了超低压重整技术的优势。     

催化重整再生技术中烧焦的相互比较

对UOP和IFP再生技术进行分析和比较.从流程、设备、积炭含量、烧焦过程的系统压力、烧焦过程的温度、烧焦过程的循环气量等方面进行了比较.比较结果表明:UOP工艺工艺简单、维护费用低、能耗低,但其高温高水高氯的环境对于催化剂的寿命是不利的.而IFP工艺所采用的干冷循环对于催化剂的寿命的延长是有利的,且设备的材质要求也没有...     

苯与长链烯烃烷基化反应技术的研究进展

从催化剂研究和反应技术两方面介绍了苯与长链烯烃烷基化反应技术的研究开发进展。催化剂是决定烷基化反应技术水平的一个关键因素 ,评价了氟化硅铝、分子筛、杂多酸及离子液体等催化剂的性能。在反应技术方面 ,UOP工艺比氯化法和脱氯化氢法更具竞争力 ,介绍了UOP工艺的各种改进方案。指出今后应进一步深入研究杂多酸等新型催化剂和反应精馏技术 ,包括悬浮床催化蒸馏工艺。     

Simulierte Gegenstromchromatographie

Simulated Countercurrent Chromatography. This paper reviews simulated countercurrent chromatography, a separation process that has received only little attention. In contrast to standard batchwise operated chromatography, a periodical mode of operation is used. The feed and collection lines are shifted along the column, thus simulating countercurrent operation of the liquid phase and the stationary solid phase. As a result, higher product yield and higher product purity are obtained. At the same time the amount of solid phase and solvent phase required in comparison to discontinuous chromatography is reduced. Industrial applications have been developed since 1964 by Universal Oil Products (UOP). Large scale separation processes in the petrochemical and the sugar industries are already in operation. On the bench scale this process is used to separate biotechnological products and pharmaceuticals. The need to solve difficult separation problems (isomeric or racemic mixtures, biomolecules, polymers) will encourage further developments. Together with improved process-simulation tools and process control, simulated countercurrent chromatography will be established as a powerful separation technique with widespread industrial applicability.     

UOP公司催化重整催化剂专利技术分析

对UOP公司催化重整催化剂领域相关专利进行了检索,从专利申请趋势、技术区域分布、专利技术布局和在中国专利申请情况等方面对其专利技术进行分析。UOP公司在催化重整催化剂领域进行了大量的研究工作,自1943年开始在该领域申请专利,并不断加强其在世界主要国家的专利布局,在美国和中国等10 余个国家申请了相关专利,专利技术主要涉及含分子筛催化剂、含贵金属催化剂和分子筛催化剂等制备技术。UOP公司催化重整催化剂专利技术的研发主要集中在铂基多金属催化剂的优化、催化剂载体性能的进一步提高以及新助剂的研究,目前主要是通过对不同类型和含量的助金属进行研究,研发高活性、高产率、高选择性、低生焦、抗磨性能好的催化重整催化剂,其催化剂呈现系列化发展。     

重油催化裂化开工新技术

国内第一套设计加工能力达3.5 Mt/a 的大型重油催化裂化装置,采用美国 UOP 工艺技术设计.介绍了该装置开工过程操作要点及参数控制,以及运用开工汽油和分馏塔充瓦斯技术,减少蒸汽用量、催化剂跑损和富气不放火炬,同时也实现无不合格产品出装置.     

烷烃临氢异构化技术及进展概述

对烷烃临氢异构化工艺的作用进行了综述,对该工艺所使用的3种催化剂的特点和5种加工流程及UOP公司的专利技术进行了介绍,并对如何选用该工艺技术进行了分析.     

连续重整反应器管道布置

随着炼油装置规模的大型化,连续重整技术成为石油化工的重要生产工艺之一,它主要用于生产芳烃、高辛烷值汽油和氢气。其中,反应部分是连续重整工艺的核心,决定了整个装置开工的成败和产品的质量。目前,国内已建成多套采用UOP超低压连续重整工艺的装置。文章以国内某炼油厂采用UOP工艺包100×104 t/a连续重整装置中的油气管道设计为例,探讨了连续重整反应中反应器平面布置、油气管线应力分析及支架设置。     

UOP连续重整技术的演化

目前连续重整技术被美国环球油品公司 ( UOP)和法国石油研究院 ( IFP)两家所垄断 ,本文针对 UOP连续重整技术的发展过程进行了综述 ,分别讨论了 UOP一、二、三代工艺技术的特点 ,及 UOP连续重整催化剂的演化历程 ,同时提供了我国引进 UOP连续重整装置的情况。     

200万吨/年连续重整装置首次标定与技术分析

介绍了惠州炼油分公司200万吨/年连续重整装置满负荷标定情况及装置尚未解决的问题,该装置采用UOP最新的Cyclmax Chlosorb连续重整工艺技术,从标定结果看,惠州炼油200万吨/年连续重整装置满足设计要求,已经达到国际先进水平。     

260万t/a两段加氢裂化装置催化剂硫化过程与分析

该蜡油加氢裂化装置引进美国UOP公司加氢裂化专利技术。催化剂采用UOP公司开发的KF-848加氢精制剂和HC-115LT加氢裂化催化剂,设计原料为科威特减压蜡油,经过加氢脱硫、加氢脱氮、以及加氢裂化等反应,生产优质的轻石脑油、重石脑油、航煤、柴油和加氢尾油。该装置于2014年6月建成,7月31日进行催化剂预硫化,硫化期间由于循环氢加热炉进料流量孔板仪表引出线焊缝多次出现裂纹泄漏,被迫中断三次,至8月20日12:00完成硫化。     

UOP Platforming leading octane technology into the 1990''s

Recent developments in UOP Platforming are described and discussed. The concept of approach to theoretical yield is utilized to demonstrate progress of Platforming technology. Topics included in this review include: technology efficiency improvements, yield loss with octane increase and benzene management. Possible modifications available as first generation up-grades are discussed as are the latest catalysts and the status of the second generation CCR process.     

Process considerations for the scale-up and implementation of biocatalysis

With increasing emphasis on renewable feed-stocks and green chemistry, biocatalytic processes will have an important role in the next generation of industrial processes for chemical production. However, in comparison with conventional industrial chemistry, the use of bioprocesses in general and biocatalysis in particular is a rather young technology. Although significant progress has been made in the implementation of new processes (especially in the pharmaceutical industry) no fixed methods for process design have been established to date. In this paper we present some of the considerations required to scale-up a biocatalytic process and some of the recently developed engineering tools available to assist in this procedure. The tools will have a decisive role in helping to identify bottlenecks in the biocatalytic development process and to justify where to put effort and resources.     

对二甲苯装置吸附异构单元探讨

吸附异构单元在对二甲苯装置里是最重要的单元,其中采用UOP的旋转阀技术,ADS-27,PDEB,I-300催化剂及其工艺流程,它的工艺原理,催化剂的特点都有助于我们更好的r解流程的合理性.     

Studying Reversible Protein Post-translational Modification through Co-translational Modification

Understanding the post-translational modifications of targeted proteins is of great significance for manipulating the physiological processes of eukaryotes. Chemical biology tools have been used to investigate the biological roles of those post-translational modifications at particular sites, especially genetic code expansion technology, which can also be combined with the concept of synthetic biology to generate a genetically modified organism with a synthetic auxotroph for co-translational modification components. In this concept, we will introduce applications, limitations, and perspectives of genetic code expansion technology for studying post-translational modification based on recent progresses. Future perspectives of genetically modified organisms also will be discussed in regard to the application of post-translational modification research.     

Lummus/UOP装置苯乙烯单体收率下降原因分析及换热器填料函的改进

依据苯乙烯 (SM )单体收率偏低及能耗增大等现场生产工艺参数 ,对Lummus/UOP经典工艺进行分析 ,经多个取样点数据定量对比后 ,找出了SM单体在脱氢热回收工序被稀释 ,浓度下降的原因 ,并对USA 3.830 .4 90填料函进行了定量分析 ,指出了换热器填料函设计、制作尺寸错误及USA 3.830 .4 90专利技术的欠缺     

加氢催化剂制备技术优化探讨

近年来,纵观国内主要催化剂生产企业,在生产线建设及改造时都重点考虑了连续化、自动化的设计理念.由于国产催化剂配方繁多,制备技术细节不尽相同.选取了国产加氢催化剂工艺流程的几个重要环节,结合对国外先进制备技术和设计理念的理解进行讨论分析,在生产工艺流程方面提出设计设想.     

催化重整研究进展

介绍了国内外催化重整工艺以及半再生重整与连续重整催化剂的研究进展,综述了美国UOP公司、法国IFP公司、中国RIPP和中国FRIPP在催化重整催化剂方面的研究进展。设计新型催化重整反应途径,开发出新型催化反应所需的工艺和催化剂将成为未来发展的方向。     

石脑油催化加氢工艺研究

介绍了石脑油催化加氢处理和加氢裂化工艺技术,重点介绍了石脑油加氢裂化技术,包括单段加氢裂化工艺、两段加氢裂化工艺、单段串联工艺;描述了国内外石脑油催化加氢催化剂的种类、研究和开发,国外以UOP和Chevron公司为代表,国内以抚顺石油化工研究院(FRIPP)为代表;探讨了石脑油催化加氢工艺现存问题—石脑油加氢反应器降压升高的原因及目前根据实际工艺情况可采取的部分解决方案。