XOCPN：支持用户交互的多媒体同步模型

多媒体同步是多媒体应用的一个重要需求。本文对ＯＣＰＮ模型进行了扩展，提出了一种基于时间Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的多媒体同步模型ＸＯＣＰＮ，以对具有时间约束关系的多媒体合成进行规范描述，并具有支持灵活用户交互的能力。文中给出了处理异步用户交互的算法，并用示例说明。     

分布多媒体系统的多媒体动态同步模型

在分布多媒体系统中，多媒体具有动态同步特性，同时关键媒体的同步要求在应用中享有优先权．现有的多媒体同步模型无法满足这些要求，现提出一个新的基于时间Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的多媒体动态同步模型——ＤＳＰＮ模型．它不仅能使分布多媒体系统依据实际运行状况和新提出的同步类型，以更准确、高效的方式来保持多媒体同步，而且允许用户对多媒体表现过程进行交互操作．     

基于Petri网的智能超媒体模型

智能超媒体是多媒体技术与专家系统的理想结合，Petri是描述系统行为的形式化工具。该文利用有色Petri网、扩展OCPN模型，采用立体层次结构，提出了一种基于Petri网的智能超媒体模型。该模型能较好地描述专家系统中规则的推理、多媒体中各种媒体的链接与同步以及与用户的交互和表现问题。     

多媒体系统中基于Petri网的同步模型

本文主要介绍了多媒体系统中的媒体同步技术和基于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的多种同步模型,并讨论了交互式同步模型ＩＳＰＮ。该模型支持用户交互的多媒体同步关系描述,是一种灵活的动态规范。     

作为多媒体系统模型的时间Petri网的同步合成

本文用一种以出现网为基网的时间Petri网作为多媒体系统模型。这种模型便于描述和分析并行媒体流间的同步问题。文中提出了时间层次同步和同步时间差阈值等概念。同步时间差同步是时间层次同步性能的一个度量。根据实现时间层次同步的可能性，一个时问Petri网中的同步变迁可划分为三种类型：理想同步变迁、可实现有效同步的变迁和不可能实现有效同步的变迁，一个好的多媒体系统的时间Petri网模型不应存在第三类同步变迁。文中给出了这三类变迁的判定条件。     

基于正态Petri网的模型参数识别研究

时间因素在对实时系统的分析中占据着重要的位置。随着时间因素在Petri网应用分析中的地位越发重要,各种与时间相关的Petri网模型相继被提出。文中结合动态实时系统的运行特征,设计了一种变迁点火时间服从正态分布的随机Petri网模型,并基于对系统行为的统计分析,提出了一种用于对变迁时间参数进行识别的数值算法。以一种随机制造单元为例,建立正态随机Petri网模型,并运用参数识别算法确定变迁时间参数。仿真结果符合系统的实际运行结果,证明了该方法的有效性。     

A Survey of Petri Net Methods for Controlled Discrete Event Systems

This paper surveys recent research on the application of Petri net models to the analysis and synthesis of controllers for discrete event systems. Petri nets have been used extensively in applications such as automated manufacturing, and there exists a large body of tools for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Petri nets. The goal of Petri net research in discrete event systems is to exploit the structural properties of Petri net models in computationally efficient algorithms for computing controls. We present an overview of the various models and problems formulated in the literature focusing on two particular models, the controlled Petri nets and the labeled nets. We describe two basic approaches for controller synthesis, based on state feedback and event feedback. We also discuss two efficient techniques for the on-line computation of the control law, namely the linear integer programming approach which takes advantage of the linear structure of the Petri net state transition equation, and path-based algorithms which take advantage of the graphical structure of Petri net models. Extensions to timed models are briefly described. The paper concludes with a discussion of directions for future research.     

基于UML-OCPN的嵌入式系统建模

针对统一建模语言（UML）缺乏精确的形式化的语义描述而不能对其所建模型进行分析和验证的难题,提出一种改进的建模方法——UML-OCPN方法。该方法结合UML和对象着色Petri网（OCPN）的优点,使用UML进行建模,将其转换为Petri网模型再进行模型验证。实验结果证明,该方法能较好地解决单一使用UML或Petri网建模时出现的无法进行验证、需要开发人员具备较高数学水平等问题。     

基于赋时Petri 网的化工批处理建模与控制优化

分析了化工批处理过程的特点,以过程设备为核心将整个过程操作划分为若干个子进程,用赋时Ｐｅｔｒｉ网来建立以子进程表示的批处理过程,并提出启发式动态 经自救对过程进行控制。仿真结果表明,基于赋时Ｐｅｔｒｉ网模型与启发式动态 经算法的Ｐｅｔｒｉ网控制器,不仅能准确描述批处理过程的同步、并发及资源工人享关系,而且Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的运行能给出过程生产的最优控制序列。     

基于Petri网的分布式多媒体同步模型研究

Petri网作为一种描述系统行为的形式化工具,在各类多媒体系统中有着较多的应用,尤其擅长于描述多媒体的同步问题,出现了诸如OCPN（对象组合Petri网）等多媒体同步模型,然而,这些模型却不足以处理分布式环境中的多媒体同步问题。本文提出了一种新的扩充Petri网模型并分析了其模型化的能力和性质,利用该模型可以较好地解决分布式环境中的多媒体同步问题。     

Interval timed coloured Petri net: efficient construction of its state class space preserving linear properties

We consider here the interval timed coloured Petri net model (ITCPN). This model associates with each created token a time interval specifying when the token will become available and forces enabled transitions to occur as soon as possible. This model can simulate other timed Petri nets and allows to describe large and complex real-time systems. We propose a much more efficient contraction for its generally infinite state space than those developed in the literature. Our contraction approach captures all linear properties of the model and produces finite graphs for all bounded models.     

Timing and liveness in continuous Petri nets

Fluidification constitutes a relaxation technique for studying discrete event systems through fluidified approximated models, thus avoiding the state explosion problem. Moreover, the class of continuous models thus obtained may be interesting in itself. In Petri nets, fluidification leads to the so-called continuous Petri nets, which are technically hybrid models. Under infinite server semantics, timing a continuous Petri net model preserves the liveness property, but the converse is not necessarily true, and if the autonomous net model is not live, the timing may transform it into a live model. In this paper, we investigate the conditions on the firing rates of timed continuous models that make a given continuous system live.     

晶圆制造单元的Petri网建模和性能分析

晶圆制造是半导体制造过程中的一个重要环节,晶圆制造单元的性能直接影响晶圆制造的成本。为了有效地分析晶圆制造单元的动态性能,分别对加工设备存在瓶颈和搬运机器人存在瓶颈的两种情况,进行了赋时Petri网建模研究,建立了晶圆制造单元的赋时Petri网模型。在此基础上,进行了稳态生产率分析,同时用实例验证了模型的有效性和实用性。     

Decidability results in First–Order Hybrid Petri Nets

In this paper we tackle the decidabilityof marking reachability for a hybrid formalism based on Petrinets. The model we consider is the untimed version of First–OrderHybrid Petri Nets: it combines a discrete Petri net and a continuousPetri net, the latter being a fluid version of a usual discretePetri net. It is suggested that the decidability results shouldbe pursued exploiting a hierarchy of models as it has been donein the framework of Hybrid Automata. In this paper we definethe class of Single–Rate Hybrid Petri Nets: the continuousdynamics of these nets is such that the vector of the markingderivatives of the continuous places is constant but for a scalarfactor. This class of nets can be seen as the counterpart oftimed automata with skewed clocks. We prove that the reachabilityproblem for this class can be reduced to the reachability problemof an equivalent discrete net and thus it is decidable.     

Timed Petri Nets in Hybrid Systems: Stability and Supervisory Control

In this paper, timed Petri nets are used to model and control hybrid systems. Petri nets are used instead of finite automata primarily because of the advantages they offer in dealing with concurrency and complexity issues. A brief overview of existing results on hybrid systems that are based on Petri nets is first presented. A class of timed Petri nets named programmable timed Petri nets (PTPN) is then used to model hybrid systems. Using the PTPN, the stability and supervisory control of hybrid systems are addressed and efficient algorithms are introduced. In particular, we present sufficient conditions for the uniform ultimate boundness of hybrid systems composed of multiple linear time invariant plants which are switched between using a logical rule described by a Petri net. This paper also examines the supervisory control of a hybrid system in which the continuous state is transfered to a region of the state space in a way that respects safety specifications on the plant's discrete and continuous dynamics.     

Optimal stationary behavior for a class of timed continuous Petri nets

In this paper, we consider a deterministic timed continuous Petri net model where conflicts at places are solved by using stationary routing parameters. We show how to compute the stationary firing rate for all transitions via linear programming, so as to determine the optimal routing parameters that maximize user-defined linear functions of the firing rates. Finally, we discuss the relations with discrete Petri nets.     

混合语义时间Petri网的特征条件及时间性质

针对时间Petri网现有强、弱语义模型在调度分析上存在的缺陷以及凝练调度一致性问题和调度时限性问题,提出混合语义模型解决方案,并给出混合语义模型的特征条件,比较混合语义模型与强、弱语义模型的时间互模拟能力,证明混合语义模型的正确性和时间行为的不可替代性。     

A dynamic Petri net model for iterative and interactive distributed multimedia presentation

Object Composition Petri Nets, Priority Petri Nets, Dynamic OCPN, and Enhanced P-Nets have extended the original Petri Net to achieve the modeling of media synchronization and asynchronous user interactions during multimedia playback. The dynamic Petri Net (DPN) has been conceptualized to tackle existing problems in these two areas of modeling distributed multimedia systems. DPN features dynamic modeling elements which allows iteration and hence is able to reduce graph sizes of synchronous playback models while allowing greater details to be shown. DPN also introduces asynchronous event handling techniques that are powerful and effective. DPN was used in the design and modeling of a multimedia orchestration tool which is a typical representation of an application that works in a distributed multimedia system.     

基于 Petri 网的保险索赔工作流模型

Petri网是一种有效的形式化建模工具,能自然地描述并发、冲突、同步等系统特性。给出基于Petri网的保险索赔工作流模型,将Petri网三要素以对象的形式描述出来,并对此工作流模型的正确性定义和验证进行了说明。