阻隔紫外线和防静电的节能镀膜玻璃的制备

利用常压化学气相沉积法,以钛酸异丙酯[Ti(OC3H7)4,TTIP]和单丁基三氯化锡[C4H9SnCl3,MBTC]为前驱体、三氟乙酸[CF3COOH,TFA]为掺杂剂,在玻璃表面镀制TiO2/SnO2:F多功能复合薄膜。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和紫外-可见-近红外透射光谱等对单层TiO2薄膜和TiO2/SnO2:F复合薄膜的物相及性能进行表征分析。结果表明:单层的TiO2薄膜具有阻隔紫外和近红外的功能,随着膜层厚度的增大,近红外的反射率逐渐提高,此时TiO2薄膜表现为非晶态;对于TiO2/SnO2:F复合薄膜,综合性能表现最好,不但可以改善阻隔紫外线的性能,其紫外阻隔率从51%增加到78%,而且在中远红外区具有较高的反射率,能够达到82%以上。同时在近红外区还能够保持30%以上的反射率,最大值能达到45%左右。另外,由于其还具有一定的导电性,可以赋予镀膜玻璃防静电的功能,这对玻璃防尘具有重要意义。     

Al2O3与LaF3薄膜在紫外波段的特性研究

用电子束蒸发方法制造了Al2O3、LaF3单层膜,对比研究了沉积速率和基板温度对薄膜紫外（193 nm）光学特性、微结构的影响.实验结果表明,LaF3在紫外波段的光学损耗明显小于Al2O3.AFM测试发现,在相同的工艺条件下,Al2O3表面粗糙度大于LaF3,且3薄膜表面粗糙度随基板温度增加而增加.Al2O3薄膜在紫外波段的光学特性严重依赖于沉积速率等制备条件,而沉积速率对3薄膜特性的影响不明显,即使是在5 nm/s的速率条件下,LaF3仍具有良好的光学特性.X射线衍射（XRD）测试发现,电子束蒸发制备的Al2O3薄膜为非晶态,LaF3薄膜有结晶现象.     

TiO2修饰层对ZnO薄膜结构及发光性质的影响

为了增强ZnO薄膜的发光性能,采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备3层ZnO基和6层ZnO基底上覆不同层数TiO₂修饰层的透明薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪、紫外-可见光分光光谱仪和荧光光谱仪对薄膜样品的晶体结构、光致发光性能和可见光透过率进行研究。结果表明:所有混合镀膜样品,其结晶性均受到阻碍,所得样品呈现出明显的非晶状态;TiO₂修饰层层数对ZnO薄膜的紫外发光强度有很大的影响,空气退火时3层基的TiO₂修饰层最佳层数为1层,6层基的最佳层数为3层,而真空退火时修饰层的最佳层数均为2层;ZnO薄膜紫外发光强度最多可增强近10倍;所有样品可见光波段平均透过率均达到80%以上,修饰层和退火方式对薄膜透过率影响不大。     

纳米木质素颗粒/海藻酸钠复合膜的制备

采用流延法制备纳米木质素颗粒/海藻酸钠复合膜以解决纯海藻酸钠薄膜机械性能和阻隔性能差的问题,探讨了不同体积比的纳米木质素颗粒对纳米木质素颗粒/海藻酸钠复合膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着复合薄膜中纳米木质素颗粒含量的增多,其热稳定性和紫外吸光度有所提高,平衡含水率和水蒸气透过率明显降低,24 h后其水蒸气透过率仅为对照组的1/3。纳米木质素颗粒的加入,赋予了该复合膜良好的紫外线阻隔性能和气体阻隔性能,可用于果蔬等农产品保鲜。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备（Nd,Bi）_4Ti_3O_（12）铁电薄膜

采用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si基片上制备了（Nd,Bi）4Ti3O12薄膜。将薄膜于空气中分别进行每1层、每2层、每3层500℃预退火10 min,最后于氮气氛中680℃退火30 min。结果表明：预退火工艺对薄膜的结构和铁电性能都有影响：每一层预退火处理的薄膜具有较大的剩余极化值和最小的矫顽场（2Pr=47.8μC/cm2,2Ec=254 kV/cm）。所有薄膜都呈现良好的抗疲劳特性。     

Mg质量分数及缓冲层对ZnMgO∶Ga薄膜性能的影响

为了解决氧化锌在柔性电子器件应用方面的问题,利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）柔性衬底上室温下制备镓掺杂氧化锌（ZnO∶Ga）和镓掺杂Zn1-xMgxO (Zn1-xMgxO∶Ga)透明导电薄膜,采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）,扫描电镜,霍尔效应测试仪,紫外-可见光分光光度计对结构和性能进行表征,探讨靶材中镁质量分数对薄膜结构及光电性能的影响,并采用预沉积ZnO无机缓冲层法来改善薄膜样品的性能.研究结果表明,在柔性衬底上通过优化生长参数制备出性能良好的ZnO基透明导电薄膜,通过缓冲层的预沉积可以明显改善薄膜的结构和电学性能,薄膜电阻率最低可至8.27×10^-4 Ω·cm,在可见光区平均透射率超过70%.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备HPMC／Si02杂化复合薄膜

采用溶胶-凝胶法（sol—gel）在聚乳酸（PLA）基膜上负载羟丙基甲基纤维素／二氧化硅（HPMC／SiO2）有机-无机杂化层,制备HPMC／Si02有杂化复合薄膜。表征和测试杂化复合薄膜的结构与性能。结果表明：当HPMC溶液体积分数为6％时,杂化复合薄膜的氧气阻隔性能比PLA薄膜的氧气阻隔性能提高了36倍,同时,杂化复合薄膜的拉伸强度优于PLA薄膜。     

酸性含砷冶金废水中铁的回收

以（NH4）2HPO4作为沉淀剂,通过选择性沉淀,进行酸性含砷冶金废水回收铁及砷铁分离研究,考察了pH、搅拌速度、温度、磷铁摩尔比等因素对铁的回收及砷铁有效分离的影响,得到合适的工艺条件为：pH 2.0,搅拌速度500 r·min-1,温度50℃,磷铁比n（P）/n（Fe）为3.5.此条件下铁的回收率99.83%,液相中砷的存留率98.64%,实现了铁的回收和砷铁的有效分离.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备HPMC/SiO2杂化复合薄膜

采用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)在聚乳酸(PLA)基膜上负载羟丙基甲基纤维素/二氧化硅(HPMC/SiO2)有机-无机杂化层,制备HPMC/SiO2有杂化复合薄膜。表征和测试杂化复合薄膜的结构与性能。结果表明:当HPMC溶液体积分数为6%时,杂化复合薄膜的氧气阻隔性能比PLA薄膜的氧气阻隔性能提高了36倍,同时,杂化复合薄膜的拉伸强度优于PLA薄膜。     

单层膜厚对钙锶铋钛钕薄膜结构及性能的影响

采用Sol—Gel法和层层快速退火工艺,通过控制甩膜转速在Pt／Ti/SiO2／Si基片上制备了单层膜厚不同的钙锶铋钛钕（C0.4S0.6NT）铁电薄膜。研究了单层膜厚对于C0.4S0.6NT铁电薄膜的结构及性能的影响。研究结果表明：适当的单层膜厚有利于薄膜在（200）方向的择优取向,有利于薄膜的铁电性能。单层膜厚为60nm时,C0.4S0.6NT薄膜具有优良的铁电性能,2Pr和2Ec分别为24．155μC／cm^2、148．412kV／cm,具有较高的应用价值。     

浅析英语语音教学中的/n//l/发音错误

在大学英语教学过程中,有关/n/与/l/的发音错误很常见,原因是没有完全掌握它们的发音规则。/n//l/发音规则的相似性造成了/n//l/不分的情况,而且局部方言中这两个音也不作区分,使得/n//l/混淆的情况更加严重。在教学过程中,可以通过重点讲解区分/n/与/l/的发音规则及其区别来避免/n//l/发音错误。本文同时也分析了含糊/l/音的发音错误,通过对/n/与/l/相关的发音错误分析找出大学英语语音教学行之有效的途径:在完全把握单音的发音规则的基础上,进一步强调语调的掌握,使学生拥有良好的语音。     

一种基于 MXene 的Fe2O3/Nb2O5/Nb4C3Tx 高灵敏丙酮传感器

MXene 具有较大比表面积和优异的导电性, 当与金属氧化物半导体结合时可以抑制片层团聚, 还可以大大提高载流子转移速率, 提高气敏性能。通过简单的水热和煅烧两步法成功合成了Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 三元复合材料。通过表征, Fe₂O₃ 微米球分布在 MXene 纳米片层之间。气敏测试结果表明, 与原始Fe₂O₃相 比, Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 传感器对丙酮的响应能力有明显的提高。传感器灵敏度高, 选择性较好, 对环境中 浓度为 5 ×10^?6 的丙酮响应高 (R_a /R_g = 7.81, 30% RH), 响应和恢复速度快, 具有出色的重复性和长期稳定性。Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 传感器具有良好的气敏性能, 主要因为三元复合材料提供了较大比表面积和丰富的氧空位, 增强了活性位点, 使得气体易于在传感器表面扩散, 为开发丙酮敏感复合材料提供了参考。     

肼类燃料液滴的亚临界——超临界蒸发/分解燃烧理论

对肼、一甲基肼、偏二甲肼的亚临界－－超临界蒸发／分解燃烧进行了研究,计算了肼类燃料滴在不同压力下液滴温度和蒸发速度的变化历程,计算了蒸发常数、传热数和传质数,其结果和实验数据是吻合的。本文不但考虑了肼类燃料滴的亚临界蒸发／分解燃烧,还考虑到了其超临界蒸发／分解燃烧,并对达到超临界工况时的界限参数进行了计算。     

Modification of LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material by CeO2-coating

LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ was coated by a layer of 1.0 wt% CeO₂ via sol-gel method. The bared and coated LiMn_1/3Co_1/3Ni_1/3O₂ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammogram (CV) and galvanotactic charge-discharge test. The results show that the coating layer has no effect on the crystal structure, only coating on the surface; the 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ exhibits better discharge capacity and cycling performance than the bared LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂. The discharge capacity of 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated cathode is 182.5 mAh·g⁻¹ at a current density of 20 mA·g⁻¹, in contrast to 165.8 mAh·g⁻¹of the bared sample. The discharge capacity retention of 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated sample after 12 cycles reaches 93.2%, in comparison with 86.6% of the bared sample. CV results show that the CeO₂ coating could suppress phase transitions and prevent the surface of cathode material from direct contact with the electrolyte, thus enhance the electrochemical performance of the coated material.     

RDSS/Doppler/GPS/SINS组合导航系统研究

针对双星定位系统(RDSS)存在的定位位置滞后的先天缺陷,根据组合导航定位系统输出速度误差小的特点,给出了一套消除RDSS位置滞后的方案,并对RDSS／SINS组合系统进行了建模,依据联邦滤波器理论,考虑到GPS的实际情况,提出了RDSS／Doppler／GPS／SINS多传感器组合导航系统的设想,仿真结果表明,该组合导航系统具有准确度高、自主性强的特点。     

Transport Properties of Polycrystalline La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3

The infuence of Cu dopant (x) and sintering temperature(Ts) on the troansport propeties of La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3 series samples prepared by Sol-Gel technique was investigated.X-ray diffraction patterns show that all the samples with different Cu dopant and sintering temperatures (Ts) are of single phase without obvious latice distortion.Experimental results indicate that the insulator-metal transition temperature is diectly related to the sintering temperature and Cu dopant x.It is interesting to observe that a proper amount of Cu dompant can substantially improve magnetoresistance effects.     

Low temperature properties of organic-inorganic Ag/ p -CuPc/ n -GaAs/Ag photoelectric sensor

A thin organic film of p-type semiconducting copper phthalocynanine (CuPc) was deposited by vacuum evaporation on an n-type GaAs single-crystal semiconductor substrate. The fabricated Ag/p-CuPc/n-GaAs/Ag sensor was carried through an ageing process to stabilize the parameters. Voltage-current characteristics and photoelectrical response of the sensor were investigated at a wide temperature range of 82 to 350 K. Photoelectric characteristics were measured under nonmodulated filament-lamp illumination. It was observed that such sensor parameters as rectification ratio, threshold voltage, junction, shunt and series resistances, open-circuit voltage and short circuit current are temperature-dependent. It was found that wide-range voltage-current characteristics of the sensor may be described similarly to that of a Schottky barrier diode. Using the experimental data on voltage-current characteristics and absorbance of the CuPc films, the energy-band diagram of the p-CuPc/n-GaAs heterojunction was developed. It was shown that data obtained from simulation of an equivalent circuit of photoelectric sensor agreed with experimental results. Supported by the National Engineering and Scientific Commission of Pakistan     

St/BA/MAA/AA/VAC复合乳液的合成及其应用

采用半连续乳液种子聚合法合成苯乙烯（St）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）、甲基丙烯酸 （MAA）、丙烯酸（AA）、醋酸乙烯酯 （VAc）的复合乳液.分析了丙烯酸对乳液电解质性能的影响,引发剂对聚合反应转化率的影响及乳化剂含量对乳液粘度的影响.通过正交试验确定组分的适当配比.该共聚乳液的粘度及固体含量符合要求,稳定性好, 性能价格比高.应用表明：用此乳液配制成地毯乳胶,胶膜具有良好的机械性能.     

Reliability of Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si ferroelectric diode

A ferroelectric memory diode that consisted of Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si multilayer configuration was fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The reliability issues (I-V characteristics, capacitance retention, fatigue and imprint) were investigated. The I-V curve showed the conventional Schottky diode characteristics with a small current density of - 5.3×10 -10 A/cm2 at a voltage of - 4 V and 6.7×10-8 A/cm2 at a voltage of + 4V, and this characteristic can be maintained below 50℃. The capacitance variety of the ferroelectric diode was only 5 % in 10 hours after withdrawing the applied bias of + 5 V or - 5 V, indicating the diode had good capacitance retention. By applying 100 kHz bipolar pulses of 5 V amplitude, the decay in remanent polarization was only 10% after 109 switching cycles, and meanwhile the increase in coercive field was 12%. After being irradiated for 20 min with a 200 W ultraviolet ray lamp, the remanent polarization and coercive field had both varied, and a voltage shift was obse     

亚锰酸盐La0.7-xYxCa0.3MnO3的电磁特性和磁电阻效应

研究了用固相反应法制备亚锰酸盐多晶样品La0.7-xYxCa0.3MnO3,并研究了Y的不同掺杂(x=0.1,0.2)对样品的晶体结构、电磁特性和磁电阻效应的影响.实验结果表明,随着温度的降低,x=0.1样品的R-T曲线没有出现峰值,而x=0.2样品出现了峰值,显示了复杂的输运特性.两种样品的磁电阻Rm都随着温度的降低而升高,但都没有出现峰值.x=0.2的样品在较宽的温区内,磁电阻效应都很显著,而且Y掺杂由x=0.1提高至x=0.2,磁电阻效应增强.