甲醛与室内空气品质

简要介绍了甲醛的来源，对人体健康的危害，定量测量室内甲醛浓度的一般方法，降低室内甲醛浓度的措施，着重介绍了使用分析方法测量甲醛浓度的原理以及使用触媒技术降低室内甲醛的浓度的方法。     

浅谈室内装修项目的污染物危害及控制措施

文章从室内装修中污染物的危害着手，分析了室内装修污染的影响因素，包括板材用量对甲醛浓度的影响、环境温度对甲醛浓度影响、装修完毕的通风时间对甲醛浓度影响等，最后重点阐述室内装修污染的控制措施，可供借鉴。     

新装修住宅室内甲醛浓度变化规律研究

本文针对成都地区某新装修住宅，连续测试了其室内空气中甲醛浓度的变化。研究结果表明：甲醛浓度水平受室外天气和室内温度、湿度变化的影响，不同季节不同时间室内甲醛浓度的变化与室内外环境有一定的相关性。     

读书摘要：游离甲醛及其危害性

最近读了王维新教授主编的《甲醛释放与检测》一书以及他在《人造板通讯》杂志上发表的文章《〈室内装饰装修材料 人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量〉国家标准实施情况评析》，受益匪浅。现摘录其中的部分章节，它有助于我们比较全面地了解甲醛，国家限制人造板及其制品的甲醛释放量，但并不禁止使用含有游离甲醛的树脂胶；我国已完全能够生产低游离甲醛的人造板，但其生产成本要高些，甲醛对人体有害，属可疑致癌物，但不是污染室内的元凶，而且不会在人体中积累；我们要控制甲醛在室内的浓度，但不要过分渲染甲醛的危害，更不能轻视苯，氡以及香烟等致癌物对人体的危害。《甲醛释放与检测》，是本小册子，建议室内设计师和装修公司的管理人员、技术人员一读。     

甲醛与室内空气品质

简要介绍了甲醛的来源、对人体健康的危害、定量测量室内甲醛浓度的一般方法、降低室内甲醛浓度的措施,着重介绍了使用分析方法测量甲醛浓度的原理以及使用触媒技术降低室内甲醛的浓度的方法。     

浅议居室装修中的甲醛污染与防治措施

甲醛是影响室内空气质量的主要污染物之一,室内空气中的甲醛很大程度上来源于家居装修中所使用的装饰材料。本文探讨了室内装修对室内甲醛污染的影响及特性,并提出了防治室内甲醛污染的具体措施与建议。     

室内空气中甲醛的污染与治理

采用4160型便携式甲醛分析仪，对新建住宅室内甲醛浓度进行检测，比较甲醛消除剂使用前后家具内甲醛的浓度变化。结果表明，各个房间中，甲醛浓度由低到高的排列顺序依次为客厅〈餐厅〈主卧〈次卧〈书房，在门窗关闭条件下室内甲醛浓度超标率13．5％。以人造板为主材的家具内甲醛浓度高达0．43-1．63mg／m^3，使用甲醛消除剂后30min抽屉及橱柜内甲醛去除率达59．7％及73．1％。甲醛污染宜采用综合防治措施进行治理。     

浅谈室内甲醛污染影响因素及防治措施

本文主要分析了室内甲醛污染的现状及影响因素,得出室内环境温度、装修程度、通风条件以及装修完成时间等均影响室内甲醛的检测值;同时还针对室内甲醛污染提出了相关预防及防治措施。     

室内污染猛于虎

家庭装修已进入千家万户，人造板及其制品大量用于室内装修及家具生产，由于人造板产品生产中普遍使用脲醛胶，而脲醛胶中存在着游离甲醛，如果把游离甲醛含量高的人造板用于室内装修或制成家具，其游离甲醛会缓慢地释放到空气中，造成空气污染，对人体健康危害极大。因此，消费对人造板、复合地板及家具产品中的甲醛含量十分关注。近日，陕西省质量技术监督局对西安市几家比较有影响力的建材市场、建材超市中所销售的人造板、复合板和木质家具产品中的甲醛释放量进行了监督抽查。     

光触媒降解室内甲醛的季节性实测研究

采用二氧化钛光触媒喷剂,对天津地区某高校新建实验楼进行不同季节条件下光触媒降解室内甲醛的实测。光触媒对室内甲醛的降解能力远强于自然衰减。夏季光触媒对室内甲醛的降解能力最强,主要原因是夏季光照条件较好,室内温度较高。春季光触媒对室内甲醛的降解能力居中,秋季、冬季最弱。但随着时间的延长,秋季、冬季光触媒对室内甲醛的降解能力也同样表现出较强的能力。     

人造木板卫生质量概况

通过对徐州市建筑装修市场人造木板甲醛释放量检测结果的分析,了解了人造木板卫生质量概况,并进一步了解由此带来的室内环境污染问题,同时提出了相应的控制措施,以提高室内环境质量。     

木制家具甲醛检测标准研究与应用探讨

为科学指导室内装饰装修选材,以实现对室内装饰装修项目完工后室内环境中甲醛有效的控制,本文重点研究了国内外应用气候舱法测量木质家具中甲醛释放量的相关检测标准,并在此基础上探讨了影响甲醛释放的相关环境因素,从而得出根据小型气候舱测试木制家具系统各组件甲醛释放量结果推算木制家具早期投入使用时室内甲醛浓度参数的计算模型,为木制家具甲醛测试方法的应用与工程选材提供了参考。     

不同等级细木工板对甲醛释放量检测结果的影响

为了验证不同等级细木工板板材对甲醛释放量检测结果的影响,取高、中、低三档细木工板,按《室内装饰装修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》(GB 18580-2001)的要求,检测同一块细木工板的不同位置的甲醛释放量。结果显示,细木工板的优劣对甲醛释放量检测结果的判定有一定的影响。     

Irritants and allergens at school in relation to furnishings and cleaning

In order to study the influence of furnishings and cleaning on the indoor air quality at school, 181 randomly chosen classrooms were investigated. The amounts of open shelves, textiles and other fittings were noted, data were gathered on cleaning routines, and a number of pollutants were measured in the classrooms. In classrooms with more fabrics there was more settled dust and the concentration of formaldehyde was higher. Classrooms with more open shelves had more formaldehyde, and more pet allergens in settled dust, and classrooms with a white board, instead of a chalk board, were less dusty. Classrooms mainly cleaned through wet mopping had more airborne viable bacteria but less settled dust than classrooms mainly cleaned by dry methods. In rooms where the desks and curtains were more often cleaned, the concentrations of cat and dog allergen in settled dust were lower. It is concluded that furnishings and textiles in the classroom act as significant reservoirs of irritants and allergens and have an impact on the indoor air quality at school.     

A Study of Human Reactions to Emissions from Building Materials in Climate Chambers. Part II: VOC Measurements,Mouse Bioassay,and Decipol Evaluation in the 1–2 mg/m3 TVOC Range

Monitoring of human reactions to the emission of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOC) from four commonly used building materials was carried out. The building materials were: a painted gypsum board, a rubber floor, a nylon carpet, and a particle board with an acid-curing paint. The exposures were performed in climate chambers. The air quality was quantified on the decipol scale by a trained panel, measurements of formaldehyde and VOC being performed simultaneously. The irritating potency of the materials was measured by a mouse bioassay. The VOC measurements showed several malodorants and irritants. Some abundant VOC identified in the head-space analyses were absent in the climate chamber air. The rubber floor and the nylon carpet exhibited a marked increase in decipols compatible with a number of odorous VOC identified in the air. A high formaldehyde concentration (minimum 743μg/m³) was measured for the particle board coated with an acid-curing paint. This was not reflected by a corresponding relatively high decipol value but a long-lasting irritating potency was observed in the mouse bioassay. TVOC sampled on Tenax and expressed in mass per volume as well as in molar concentration, and decipol evaluation both have limitations and should be used with caution as indicators of (perceived) indoor air quality. Eye irritation expressed by means of the eye index reflecting the tear film quality index (comprised of break-up time, foam formation, thickness of the precorneal lipid layer of the tear film, and epithelial damage) was found to be insensitive to formaldehyde and a VOC mixture but sensitive to TVOC concentrations of 1–2 mg/m³. Lipophilic VOC may be the cause of reduced tear film quality by destabilization of the lipid multilayer of the tear film.     

Emissions of total volatile organic compounds from pressed wood products in an environmental chamber

An environmental chamber was used to characterise the emissions of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) from pressed wood products. One type of plywood, three types of hardboards and one type of particleboard were investigated. To compare the emissions of TVOCs with pressed wood products, a PVC board, often used as floor covering, was also measured. The temporal change of TVOCs concentrations was tested. The quantity of TVOCs emissions was measured by a Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionisation Detector (GC-FID). A double-exponential equation was used to evaluate the characteristics of TVOCs emissions from these pressed wood products. With this double-exponential model, the initial emission rates (E₁₀ and E₂₀) and emission decay constants (k₁ and k₂) in evaporation-dominated and diffusion-dominated phases were simulated. These emission parameters could be used in estimation of TVOCs concentrations in an indoor environment. Model evaluation studies indicate that the hardboard I has the smallest model accuracy while the plywood and PVC board have the largest model accuracy.     

住宅全装修模式控制室内甲醛污染

室内装修污染问题已被广泛重视,其中室内甲醛污染尤为严重.将室内甲醛污染控制和住宅全装修模式结合起来,通过实际工程施工的检测对比,提出未来住宅借助全装修模式控制室内甲醛污染的方法.     

建筑装修材料导致室内甲醛污染的预评价研究

室内装修污染问题已被广泛重视,其中室内甲醛污染尤为严重,文章提出的室内甲醛污染预评价方法是在装修方案设计时,通过控制装修材料的用量来达到最终控制室内甲醛释放量的目的。     

室内空气中甲醛在ACF上的衍生反应动力学及其定量关系的研究

文章在对ACF的纳米空间结构及其载体功能特性以及ACF纳米结构上甲醛的衍生反应及其吸附/解吸原理,进行深入研究基础上,揭示了室内空气中甲醛在ACF上的吸附与解析动力学过程。根据Langmuir-Rideal定理,描述了甲醛与PFBHA-HCHO反应定量关系;推导出PFBHA-HCHO肟化合物浓度的反应速率与室内空气中甲醛浓度之间的一级反应线性回归方程,为定量检测室内空气中甲醛提供了理论依据。