棉织物的复合茶皂素前处理

采用复合茶皂素(卜公茶皂素)对棉织物进行前处理,优化的卜公茶皂素汽蒸退煮漂一浴工艺为:茶皂素40 g/L,渗透剂JFC 5 g/L,精练剂YS198 6 g/L,双氧水稳定剂GJ-101 4g/L,浸轧(多浸多轧,50 ℃)→汽蒸(95～100 ℃,50～60 min)→热水洗(100℃)→冷水洗→烘干.结果表明,采用卜公茶皂素对棉织物进行退煮漂一浴前处理的效果好于常规碱氧工艺.     

纯棉机织物生物酶前处理

采用退浆酶CTA-AL1和煮练酶A、B对纯棉机织物进行前处理,对退煮漂三步法和退煮-浴后氧漂工艺中酶的选择,及其用量、pH值、温度、时间等工艺参数进行正交试验分析。试验表明,退浆酶和煮练酶的相容性好,退煮-浴法和退煮漂三步法生物前处理效果与传统方法基本相当。退煮-浴法的煮练酶用量1.0g/L,退浆酶CTA-AL1用量3.0g/L,精练漂白剂ST-09用量1.0g/L,在pH值为8.0下处理50min,而后进行漂白;退煮漂三步法则先用退浆酶CTA-AL13.0g/L处理20min,而后用1.0g/L的煮练酶B处理50min,最后进行漂白。     

棉织物退煮漂和改性一浴工艺

采用自制改性剂对棉织物进行退煮漂和改性一浴加工,分析了氢氧化钠用量、硅酸钠用量、双氧水用量、温度、时间和改性剂用量对棉织物染色效果的影响.结果表明,优化的棉织物退煮漂和改性一浴工艺为:氢氧化钠20 g/L,硅酸钠3 g/L,30％双氧水24 mL/L,改性剂20 g/L,温度80℃,时间70 min.棉织物经退煮漂和改性一浴处理后,可实现活性染料无盐染色,其耐水洗色牢度及干摩擦色牢度优异,但湿摩擦色牢度有待进一步改进.     

粘胶/亚麻混纺织物茶皂素前处理

采用茶皂素对粘胶/亚麻混纺织物进行退煮漂一浴前处理,以代替传统的高温碱退浆煮练和氯漂工艺。生产实践证明,粘胶/亚麻混纺织物采用茶皂素温堆+汽蒸两步法前处理工艺,其麻皮去除效果、白度均可与传统工艺相媲美,而且强力损伤小,毛效更高,手感更柔软,生产成本降低,工艺流程缩短,生产效率高,废水COD值明显下降。     

纯棉缎条织物卜公茶皂素一步法前处理

采用新型环保高效前处理剂卜公茶皂素2#对纯棉缎条织物进行退煮漂一浴前处理。采用正交试验得到优化的应用工艺:茶皂素40 g/L,H2O210 g/L,NaOH 10 g/L,汽蒸时间45 min。处理棉织物的白度可达78.86%,毛效为6.8 cm/30 min,强力损失相对较小。     

氧漂煮练酶在纯棉织物前处理中的应用

介绍了氧漂煮练酶在纯棉梭织物和针织物上的退煮漂一浴法工艺,并与传统强碱退煮漂前处理工艺在处理效果、成本等方面作比较。生产实践表明,织物经氧漂煮练酶前处理后,各项性能优于传统工艺,工艺简化,能耗降低,且减轻了污水处理负担及成本。     

微波技术应用于纯棉退煮漂一浴前处理工艺

探讨了在微波加热条件下,不同微波处理条件、浴比以及氢氧化钠、过氧化氢、各种助剂的用量对棉织物退煮漂一浴前处理效果的影响,并通过测试织物白度、退浆等级、毛细效应、断裂强度等指标,与水浴锅加热的退煮漂一浴处理效果进行比较,试验结果表明:微波加热可以在几分钟的处理时间内达到较理想的前处理效果,节省能源。     

纯棉机织物退煮漂一浴法工艺优化

研究了高效精练剂SB-3和H_2O_2用量、处理温度、时间等因素对棉机织物退煮漂一浴法工艺效果的影响,确定棉机织物退煮漂一浴法最优工艺为:高效精练剂SB-3 1.5 g/L,30%H_2O_2 6 ml/L,浴比1:40,处理温度90℃,处理时间40 min。处理后织物的白度和毛效良好,强力损伤小,得色量高。     

尼龙/棉交织物染整前处理工艺探讨

从白度、芯吸效应、织物强力3个指标分析了精练剂LHC、氧漂稳定剂SM-313和螯合分散剂SM-9等助剂对尼龙/棉交织物退煮氧漂一浴法染整前处理质量的影响,并对退煮氧漂一浴法、退煮→氯漂及退煮→亚漂3种不同的前处理工艺进行了比较,以探讨适合于尼龙/棉交织物的染整前处理工艺。     

净棉素DX-720A在前处理中的应用

前处理剂净棉素DX-720A系由改性酶制剂和多种表面活性剂等复配而成,只需配合双氧水即可实现退煮漂一浴工艺。采用净棉素DX-720A退煮漂一步法对纯棉府绸和防雨布进行前处理,结果表明,该产品可以缩短工艺流程,与传统的精练工艺相比,处理后织物的白度、毛效均能达到染色要求,强力损失小,工艺残留废水更易处理。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press