100 mg/L以上高浓度臭氧水的制备

利用难溶气体臭氧来制备高浓度臭氧水(≥100 mg/L)一直属于国际技术难题。采用经优化改装后的商业化臭氧气体发生器,利用根据双膜溶气理论和静压平衡原理设计的溶气装置,组装了高浓度臭氧水制备系统。臭氧水浓度随着臭氧发生器的功率增大而增加,水温降低可以提高臭氧的溶解度和臭氧水浓度;臭氧发生器功率不超过900 W时,有效溶气效率能达到90%以上;随着气液比升高,臭氧溶气效率先上升后下降,最佳气液比为1.5左右。在采用自来水进行试验的条件下,该制备系统在压力0.2 MPa、水流量在60 L/h、气液比为1.5及满功率1 000 W运行,当水温为8.9℃时臭氧水浓度超过200 mg/L,并呈现蓝色;当水温为22.4℃时,臭氧水浓度为149.4 mg/L。本研究工作取得了高浓度臭氧水制备技术领域的突破。     

介质阻挡强电离放电合成高浓度臭氧的实验研究

研究了介质阻挡强电离放电非平衡等离子化学法合成臭氧的过程中折合电场强度,电介质厚度,放电间隙大小以及原料气流量等参数对臭氧产生浓度的影响规律。     

高浓度臭氧用于污水处理的研究

在综述了在国内外有关臭氧产生和应用的文献基础上，结合作者的研究成果，从臭氧产生的机理出发，阐述了获得高浓度臭氧的技术关键，以期提高臭氧的产生和浓度，使得臭氧氧化技术在污水处理领域中得到更为广泛的应用。     

光催化辅助高浓度臭氧循环工艺降解对氯苯酚及协同机理

针对臭氧(O3)降解对氯苯酚(4-CP)中效率有限且尾气排放高的问题,采用光催化辅助高浓度臭氧循环工艺并对TiO2浓度、循环气量以及pH值等因素进行研究,结合对苯醌变化及猝灭剂试验分析其协同机理.循环气量为2.0 L·min-1,TiO2投加量为250 mg·L-1时,O3/TiO2/UV体系的降解动力学系数为0.29...     

靛蓝染料的生产及应用技术进展

简要介绍了植物靛蓝的制备方法,分析了化学与生物靛蓝染料的主要生产工艺及其特点,论述了用于靛蓝染料染色的还原方法及对染色效果的影响,对超细靛蓝再到液体靛蓝的性能进行了详细的分析。根据目前国内外的研究现状的分析,对靛蓝染料今后的发展做出了展望。     

溶剂法合成溴靛蓝

通过均匀实验设计,确定了物料配比、反应温度、反应时间,并选择最佳条件进行验证实验,得出了溶剂法制备溴靛蓝的最佳工艺条件。     

高浓度含氮废水处理技术研究

文章在分析高浓度含氮废水水质特征的基础上,着重介绍了近年来国内外该类废水处理过程中常用的各种物化法、生物法,同时进行了分析比较,提出了目前在高浓度含氮废水处理中存在的主要问题。     

强电离放电合成高浓度臭氧实验研究

采用α-Al2O3陶瓷作为介质阻挡放电的电介质进行了臭氧合成实验,并确定了外加电场激励电压、频率、电耗率等参数对臭氧合成浓度的影响规律,进行了装置设计参数的优化实验.通过采用高介电常数、高电阻率的α-Al2O3陶瓷电介质材料使介质阻挡强电离放电的折合电场强度达到300 Td以上,并实现了臭氧合成装置结构简单、紧凑小型化,模块叠加组合化.当臭氧浓度为114 g/m3时,臭氧合成效率达256 g/kWh.     

靛蓝生产废水治理

主要阐述了治理靛蓝生产的一种综合方法,根据实验室试验结果采用中和沉淀,铁炭微电解,生化处理及粉煤灰吸附等组合处理工艺能使较难处理的靛蓝生产废水达标排放。     

Modified Indigo Method For Gaseous And Aqueous Ozone Analyses

The indigo method developed by Bader and Hoigné for aqueous ozone analysis was modified to allow for both gaseous and aqueous ozone determination. Gas or water samples were extracted with a gas-tight syringe containing a known volume of indigo reagent. The modified procedure provided a more consistent basis for gaseous and aqueous ozone determination allowing for more accurate ozone mass balance calculations. Direct gaseous ozone UV absorbance with molar absorptivity of 3,000 M^?1cm^?1 at 258 nm was used as primary standard to determine the molar absorptivity of the indigo reagent. The molar absorptivity of indigo reagent, assuming a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio for the reaction between indigo and ozone, was determined to be 23,150 ± 80 M^?1cm^?1, or approximately 16 percent higher than that of 20,000 M^?1cm^?1 suggested by Bader and Hoigné. An independently calibrated membrane-electrode ozone monitor showed good correlation with indigo method results using the molar absorptivity value determined in this study. The apparent molar absorptivity of aqueous ozone at the wavelength of 258 nm measured by the modified indigo method increased from 2,400 to 3,600 M^?1cm^?1 in the investigated ozone concentration range of 0.4 to 11.0 mg/L. This variation might have been caused by the inherent interference of unidentified ozone byproducts, which presence was supported with scanning spectra in the wavelength range of 200 to 300 nm.     

A Modified Indigo Method for the Determination of Ozone in Nonaqueous Solvents

The indigo method for the analysis of aqueous ozone was modified to allow analysis of dissolved ozone in nonaqueous liquid phases. The method was tested using the solvent decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 245 and a vegetable oil. The molar absorptivity at 600 nm of the indigo trisulphonate molecule was re-checked and found to be 20,069 ± 412 L mol^?1 cm^?1 which is in agreement with the generally accepted value. Linear correlation between liquid phase and gas phase ozone concentrations confirmed that ozone solubility in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 245 obeyed Henry's law with a constant of 1.71 ± 0.09 mg L^?1 per mg L^?1 in the gas phase. Ozone solubility in the vegetable oil followed a power law model with k = 0.148 and n = 0.767 (liquid and gas phase concentrations in mg L^?1). The stoichiometry of the reaction between ozone in the nonaqueous phase and indigo trisulfonate in acidic solution was also confirmed as being about one. Moreover, the reaction products were confirmed by chromatographic analysis. This method was found effective to analyze ozone in nonaqueous solvents with a lower limit of detection of 2.6 μg L^?1 and upper limit of detection of 142.7 mg L^?1.     

Residual Ozone Measurement: Indigo Sensitivity Coefficient Adjustment

The determination of residual ozone using indigotrisulfonate (Standard Methods 4500–O₃B) assumes a molar absorptivity of–20,000 M ^-1cm ^-1 and a constant sensitivity coefficient of 0.42 L mg^-1cm^-1. Data are presented showing large molar absorptivity differences and subsequent differences in the calculated sensitivity coefficients for various sources of indigo. The variation in molar absorptivity (up to 15%) emphasizes the need for measuring the sensitivity coefficient on a regular basis. A revised simple calculation that compensates for decomposing indigo reagents is proposed. A modified equation that can be used with the current Standard Method procedure is given. However, for the most accurate results, it is recommended that the dry indigo reagent be periodically calibrated.     

Determination of Ozone In Water By The Indigo Method: A Submitted Standard Method

The indigo method for the determination of ozone as formulated for the new Swiss Standard Methods for Drinking Water Analysis is presented with an international list of suppliers of indigo trisulfonate. Such a new selective and simple method will be needed in many countries because current methods for ozone analysis are generally non-selective when applied on real drinking waters or wastewaters.

Ozone rapidly and stoichiometrically decolorizes indigo trisulfonate in acidic solution. The decrease in absorbance at 600 nm is linear with ozone residual and is 0.42±0.01 cm^-1 per mg/L (Δ = 20,000 L Mol^-1cm^-1 at 600 nm when compared to the uv absorption of pure ozone of = 2900 L Mol^-1cm^-1 at 258 nm). The limits of detection are 2 µg/L for an instrumental and 10 µg/L for a visual field method.     

纤维织物上靛蓝浓度的测定

介绍了一种快速精确测定染色纱线和织物上靛蓝浓度的分光光度法。靛蓝染色纱线被浓硫酸溶解后,对得到的溶液进行分光光度分析。该方法的精确度可用常规的吡啶萃取法进行验证,是一种既快速又安全的方法。     

Study Of The Ozone - Manganese Reaction And The Interactions Of Disulfonate Indigo Carmin/Oxidized Manganese Forms As A Function Of pH

Ozone used in preoxidation for water treatment processes allows the removal of inorganic compounds such as iron and manganese. The reactivity of ozone and manganese has been studied in a wide pH range. However, some difficulties appeared in the determination of the different species because of secondary reactions, the main difficulty being the interaction between indigo (used to determine ozone concentration) and manganese dioxide formed during ozonation.     

Optimizing Factors on High Concentration of Ozone Production with Dielectric Barrier Discharge

The gap distance, electrode material, voltage and gas flow velocity were optimized with gas pressure variation of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) for producing high concentration of ozone. There exists an optimum gas pressure at which the highest ozone concentration is produced with other parameters being fixed. This optimum gas pressure value changes accordingly as the other parameters changed. As the discharge continues at the optimum pressure, the ozone concentration could increase or decrease slowly. This aging effect has different characteristics with the metal electrode material and the impurity level of the oxygen gas used for ozone generation. The aging effect is supposed to be related with the catalytic effect of metal oxide, which is generated in the discharge zone. The change in the characteristic of optimum pressure by the other parameters, indicate that the ozone concentration is deeply related with the filament self-organization characteristics of DBD. At the final optimized condition, the ozone concentration was higher than 22.5 wt.%.     

The Use Of High Concentration Ozone For Water Treatment

The use of high concentration ozone (HCO) in potable water treatment has been examined at laboratory scale with a gaseous concentration of 19% w/w. This has been compared with conventionally generated ozone at 1.5% w/w. The results of the study have shown that greater transfer efficiencies and higher ozone residuals are possible with HCO. In addition, faster rates of atrazine removal and significantly greater reductions in color and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) were observed with HCO.     

An Alternative Approach to Gas Phase Ozone Determination

A pragmatic, real time procedure to determine gas phase ozone concentration is presented. The procedure requires syringe extraction of an air-ozone sample via a Teflon septum followed by ozone measurement using the indigo method. The results are confirmed by comparison to the standard iodometric technique. The method has a number of potential applications, including as an alternative to continuous gas phase UV monitoring, if UV absorbing compounds other than ozone are present.     

Fading of Cotton Yarn Colored with C. I. Vat Blue I (Indigo Dye) via Ozone Application

In this experimental study, the possibility of obtaining of fading effect to indigo dyed denim yarns via ozonation process was searched. Therefore, a novel approach was attempted for fading the denim materials in the form of yarn before weaving or garment processes. The effect of the ozone gas on the CIELab values of indigo dyed yarn specimens was statistically investigated depending on some physical properties of the yarns and application parameters of ozone gas. In addition, the effect of ozone gas on the strength performance of the yarns was investigated. The results showed that different yarn and ozone application parameters affected the fading results. Besides, the ozonation process did not have a crucial negative effect on yarn strength.