光学透镜用合成树脂材料主要

本文主要介绍了合成树脂光学透镜材料ＣＲ－３９的应用现状、发展状况以及其它高折射率合成树脂光学透镜材料的研制，开发状况。     

空间光学成像系统用高尺寸稳定光学聚酰亚胺薄膜

空间光学成像系统采用薄膜主镜解决了大口径、轻量化、空间折叠展开等难题,但大口径光学透镜的成像指标要求高、空间应用环境恶劣,对透镜基底材料的性能要求严苛,其中尺寸稳定性、空间环境适应性尤为重要。本文提出在分子结构设计基础上,通过共聚合成的方法有效改性聚酰亚胺材料,通过在分子结构中同时引入刚性链和分子链间氢键作用,在保证传统聚酰亚胺高机械性能、高热稳定性的同时,改善其热尺寸稳定性、空间环境光学稳定性。所得高尺寸稳定性光学级聚酰亚胺薄膜材料综合性能良好,是优异的空间光学成像系统薄膜主镜候选材料。     

光学用透明高分子材料

介绍了用作光盘、光纤、非球面透镜、光学透明薄膜等光学用透明高分子材料的所需特性，分子了光学和高分子材料的现状和进展讨论了目前在应用的ＰＣ、ＰＭＭＡ的缺点和改进方法，重点阐述了新型光学用透明高分子材料－非晶聚烯烃的优异光学特性和优良的物理力学性能。     

复制技术用的材料——光学部件的快速和高精度制造法

本文介绍复制技术用的材料在宽温度(-30℃相似文献   

激光起爆器光学窗口的研究

文章设计了平面透镜、单凸透镜、双凸透镜组及格林透镜等几种光学窗口,并通过发火试验详细讨论了几种窗口的优劣。研究结果表明,自聚焦透镜发火阈值要远低于其它光学透镜结构发火能量,是目前最为理想的窗口透镜。     

氟化镁光学晶体功能材料在甘肃研发成功

氟化镁（MgF2）晶体材料是国际上应用最早的性能优良的光学镀膜材料。随着我国工业的发展，荧光材料、高级光学陶瓷及玻璃、光学透镜涂层、红外元件及激光元件等高技术领域对氟化镁的需求量越来越大，对其纯度要求高达99．999％级的水平，而国产材料纯度低，全部依赖从德国、日本进口，且价格昂贵，每公斤高达2000元左右。     

抛物面型X射线组合折射透镜光学性能分析

抛物面型X射线组合折射透镜是一种适用于硬X射线波段的新型光学元件.由于采用抛物面型,可以消除球差,因而能够产生亚微米尺度焦斑并具有更好的成像性能.本文给出了旋转轴对称抛物面型X射线组合透镜的理论研究成果.首先,利用矩阵光学方法,推导了其精确的焦距公式,得到了薄透镜判定准则;其次,根据衍射理论,推导出焦点处的光强分布,得到其极限焦斑大小.最后,本文还给出了透过率和有效孔径的理论公式.针对用Al、Be、PMMA三种材料制作的抛物面型X射线组合折射透镜,本文给出了各个光学性能指标的数值计算沣结果.     

甘肃成功研制光学晶体材料

氟化镁MgF2晶体材料是国际上应用最早的性能优良的光学镀膜材料。随着我国工业的发展，荧光材料、高级光学陶瓷及玻璃、光学透镜涂层、红外元件及激光元件等高技术领域对氟化镁的需求量越来越大，它纯度要求要达到99．999％级的水平，而国内的材料纯度低，全部依赖德国、日本进口，且产品价格昂贵，每公斤高达2000元左右。     

新颖的微流控光学变焦透镜阵列集成器件

提出一种微流控光学变焦透镜阵列芯片,以解决变焦透镜阵列的电控调谐和集成化制造方法问题.该器件的基本形式为"上盖片 内芯 下盖片"的三明治夹心结构,采用导电材料制作内芯,使得器件的制作简化,易于集成.透镜材料由折射率不同的两种不混合液体组成,利用电润湿效应控制两种液体的界面曲率,从而实现微透镜阵列焦距的电控调节.     

空间用平板形菲涅耳透镜的设计和光学效率研究

研究平板形菲涅耳太阳聚光透镜的光学问题,给出了线聚焦和点聚焦透镜的设计方法,讨论了设计参数对透镜光学效率的影响,为这类透镜的最优设计提供理论依据。     

Creating biological nanomaterials using synthetic biology

Synthetic biology is a new discipline that combines science and engineering approaches to precisely control biological networks. These signaling networks are especially important in fields such as biomedicine and biochemical engineering. Additionally, biological networks can also be critical to the production of naturally occurring biological nanomaterials, and as a result, synthetic biology holds tremendous potential in creating new materials. This review introduces the field of synthetic biology, discusses how biological systems naturally produce materials, and then presents examples and strategies for incorporating synthetic biology approaches in the development of new materials. In particular, strategies for using synthetic biology to produce both organic and inorganic nanomaterials are discussed. Ultimately, synthetic biology holds the potential to dramatically impact biological materials science with significant potential applications in medical systems.     

我国人造金刚石用石墨材料的研究

石墨材料是人工合成金刚石的直接原料.回顾我国人造金刚石用石墨材料的发展历程,介绍目前金刚石工业专用石墨材料的种类、制备工艺及其相关性能.同时,概要介绍掺杂石墨和采用其他种类石墨材料合成金刚石的研究进展,并对今后人造金刚石用石墨材料的发展进行了展望.     

聚吡咯胶囊合成方法与应用研究进展

采用基于第一性原理密度泛函理论的CASTEP程序软件包,运用LDA＋U的方法,计算了Cd1-xZnxTe的电子结构和光学性质。计算结果表明：通过LDA＋U的修正计算,得到的Cd1-xZnxTe禁带宽度与实验值接近,消除了Cd1-xZnxTe材料在电子结构计算中禁带宽度被低估的问题;赝势U的加入增加了轨道电子数目,电子的...     

试论新材料发展的现状和展望

讨论并表征了材料科学及其工业发展中的三次飞跃。这些飞跃包括:(1)合成材料的产量超过天然材料;(2)更加集成化、精细化和功能化的新材料满足高技术和超技术发展的需要;(3)合成的仿生新材料的性能优于生物体。     

上转换发光材料的合成与应用

综述了目前国内外上转换发光材料的几种合成方法,包括传统的高温固相合成法、溶胶一凝胶法、水热合成法、共沉淀法等.总结了不同方法的优缺点,对上转换材料合成方法的发展进行了展望.并介绍了上转换技术的一些应用.     

Natural Gums and Modified Natural Gums as Sustained-Release Carriers

Although natural gums and their derivatives are used widely in pharmaceutical dosage forms, their use as biodegradable polymeric materials to deliver bioactive agents has been hampered by the synthetic materials. These natural polysaccharides do hold advantages over the synthetic polymers, generally because they are nontoxic, less expensive, and freely available. Natural gums can also be modified to have tailor-made materials for drug delivery systems and thus can compete with the synthetic biodegradable excipients available in the market. In this review, recent developments in the area of natural gums and their derivatives as carriers in the sustained release of drugs are explored.     

Natural gums and modified natural gums as sustained-release carriers

Although natural gums and their derivatives are used widely in pharmaceutical dosage forms, their use as biodegradable polymeric materials to deliver bioactive agents has been hampered by the synthetic materials. These natural polysaccharides do hold advantages over the synthetic polymers, generally because they are nontoxic, less expensive, and freely available. Natural gums can also be modified to have tailor-made materials for drug delivery systems and thus can compete with the synthetic biodegradable excipients available in the market. In this review, recent developments in the area of natural gums and their derivatives as carriers in the sustained release of drugs are explored.     

Towards High‐Performance Bioinspired Composites

Biological composites have evolved elaborate hierarchical structures to achieve outstanding mechanical properties using weak but readily available building blocks. Combining the underlying design principles of such biological materials with the rich chemistry accessible in synthetic systems may enable the creation of artificial composites with unprecedented properties and functionalities. This bioinspired approach requires identification, understanding, and quantification of natural design principles and their replication in synthetic materials, taking into account the intrinsic properties of the stronger artificial building blocks and the boundary conditions of engineering applications. In this progress report, the scientific and technological questions that have to be addressed to achieve this goal are highlighted, and examples of recent research efforts to tackle them are presented. These include the local characterization of the heterogeneous architecture of biological materials, the investigation of structure–function relationships to help unveil natural design principles, and the development of synthetic processing routes that can potentially be used to implement some of these principles in synthetic materials. The importance of replicating the design principles of biological materials rather than their structure per se is highlighted, and possible directions for further progress in this fascinating, interdisciplinary field are discussed.     

木/塑复合材料的生产配方与工艺研究

木/塑复合材料是一种新型复合材料.它以木粉和废旧塑料为主要原料.本文着重研究木/塑复合材料的生产配方和工艺条件及其与复合材料性能间的关系.      

木质纤维素类生物基材料研究进展

木质纤维素类生物质作为重要的可再生资源,不仅可以转化为能源及化工品,还可以合成相关的生物基材料。本文综述了以木质纤维素类生物质各组分为原料合成的生物基材料的种类、方法和应用,发现生物质是很好的化石材料替代品。直接将生物质各组分进行生物基材料合成会缩小其应用范围,运用化学改性方法对生物质各组分进行化学改性后再合成生物基材料,可以优化材料的一些性能,其中,基于生物质绿色、可降解和无污染的天然特性,在污水处理和替代相关石油基材料的原料方面其将发挥更重要的作用。