Effects of pH and Neutral Salts on the Adsorption of the Poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate) Condensates Toward Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fiber

This study deals with the effects of pH and neutral salts on the adsorption of PET fiber with four kinds of poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate) condensated from dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The surface properties of the aqueous solution, the contact angle of polyol‐treated PET fabrics, and its parameters were also discussed. The pH of the solution or the adding of neutral salt in the polyol solution largely affected the contact angle of polyol‐treated PET fabrics as well as the surface tension of the solution. A lower pH of the polyol solution or adding neutral salts in the solution showed a lower surface tension and a lower contact angle that resulted in a better adsorption between polyol and poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers. The lower pH of the solutions and a higher valence of the added neutral salt in the solution showed a largely positive effect on the adsorption parameters, and the order of effectiveness is Al₂(SO₄)₃ > MgSO₄ > Na₂SO₄.     

阴离子交换纤维对磷酸根离子吸附性能及机理研究

以含偕胺肟基团的螯合纤维为原料,经Fe(NO3)3溶液处理,制得阴离子交换纤维,以其为吸附材料,对磷酸根离子进行吸附规律研究;并采用红外光谱仪(IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征。实验结果表明,阴离子交换纤维对磷酸根离子的吸附反应符合Freundlich及Langmuir等温吸附模型,饱和吸附量为8.299 mmol/g。采用初始浓度法确定该反应为一级反应;在不同温度下对初始浓度为0.04994 mol/L的磷酸根离子进行吸附,测定了各温度下的反应速率常数,由速率常数与温度的关系得出反应的活化能Ea=22.55 kJ/mol,速率常数k=40.65 e-Ea/RT。     

PET/硅灰石纤维复合材料的结晶动力学研究

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)性能十分优异,使用范围十分广泛,但是由于结晶速度过慢,需要对其进行改性。本实验先将硅灰石纤维制成母料,再用母粒对聚对苯二甲酸己二醇酯(PET)进行改性,对硅灰石纤维改性PET复合材料进行了差示扫描式量热(DSC)测试,并使用莫氏理论对其非等温降温结晶过程进行了动力学分析。     

HG－1型氨合成催化剂的本征动力学

本文在接近工业生产的条件下考察了Ｔｅｍｋｉｎ－Ｐｙｚｈｅｖ方程对ＨＧ－１型稀土氨合成催化剂的适用性，研究了温度、压力、空速对速度常数的影响，并从速度常数等对比了它与国内外同类型催化剂的性能．     

活性炭纤维的吸附性能研究与应用

介绍了活性炭纤维的生产原料和工艺,阐述了活性炭纤维在物理吸附性能和化学改性后吸附性能的研究进展,指出活性炭纤维在废气、水处理、催化、医学领域、电子工业等领域有广泛的应用,并对活性炭纤维的发展前景进行展望。     

The Kinetics of the Sulphate Pulping of Gmelina arborea From Ghana

Investigations concerning the behaviour of Gmelina arborea wood growing in a plantation in Ghana by the Kraft delignification process were carried out in the St. Petersburg (formerly Leningrad) Academy of Forest Technology and Engineering in the Commonwealth of Independent States (Russia).

The basic kinetic data such as the rate constant, order of reaction, temperature dependence and the energy of activation were calculated. The kinetic data obtained indicate that the dielignification of G. arborea is by a process similar to that of diffusion as occurs during chemical reactions. Consequently, the delignification process at temperature which was carried out at selected cooking conditions is not solely controlled by kinetic processes.     

固相合成甘氨酸锌反应的动力学研究

随着甘氨酸锌络合物的成功合成,其化学式也随之而定,即为Zn(NH2CH2COO)2.2H2O,且对应的化学反应也随之确定。有关这方面研究和探讨的报道不多。本文通过固相合成的方法,对反应速率进行了测定,确定其反应的反应级数和活化能分别为4.772和37.546kJ.mol-1。     

Oxidation kinetics of linoleic acid in the presence of saturated acyl <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">l</Emphasis>-ascorbate

The oxidation processes of linoleic acid (LA) in the presence of l-ascorbic acid or saturated acyl l-ascorbate additives were measured at various temperatures and molar ratios of the additive to LA. Higher oxidative stability of LA was observed at higher additive levels for all additives. The addition of the ascorbates lengthened the induction period for the oxidation of LA. An autocatalytic kinetic rate equation was used to model the oxidation processes of LA mixed with the ascorbates, and the dependence of the rate constant, k, on acyl-chain carbon number was determined. At any temperature, the use of ascorbate additives decreased the k value for LA, and there was a slight tendency for k values to decrease with increasing acyl-chain length. The apparent activation energy, E _a, and the frequency factor, k ₀, for the rate constant were determined from Arrhenius plots. The calculated E _a and k ₀ values also decreased with increasing ascorbate acyl-chain length.     

A review of the features and analyses of the solid electrolyte interphase in Li-ion batteries

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a protecting layer formed on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition, mainly during the first cycle. Battery performance, irreversible charge “loss”, rate capability, cyclability, exfoliation of graphite and safety are highly dependent on the quality of the SEI. Therefore, understanding the actual nature and composition of SEI is of prime interest. If the chemistry of the SEI formation and the manner in which each component affects battery performance are understood, SEI could be tuned to improve battery performance. In this paper key points related to the nature, formation, and features of the SEI formed on carbon negative electrodes are discussed. SEI has been analyzed by various analytical techniques amongst which FTIR and XPS are most widely used. FTIR and XPS data of SEI and its components as published by many research groups are compiled in tables for getting a global picture of what is known about the SEI. This article shall serve as a handy reference as well as a starting point for research related to SEI.