装配式建筑用密封胶耐久性评价

装配式建筑是"十三五"期间建筑行业的重点发展方向。装配式建筑用密封胶作为装配式建筑外围护墙体的第一道防水屏障,其耐久性直接关系到装配式建筑的工程质量。本研究通过实验室人工加速老化和自然老化方法进行对比,考察了温度、紫外线和模拟人工气候老化条件对密封胶的影响,以拉伸模量、断裂伸长率和邵氏硬度为评价指标,同时采用老化速率法和变异系数法两种方法对不同密封胶的老化试验数据进行处理,并对其耐久性进行评价。     

塑料人工气候老化试验

综述了塑料人工气候老化试验的3种常用方法:碳弧灯、氙弧灯、荧光紫外灯,介绍了塑料及其制品老化性能的评价方法以及自然气候老化与人工气候老化的相关性。     

聚氨酯面漆光老化机理的探讨

通过人工加速老化(氙灯老化法)对聚氯酯面漆分8个周期进行老化实验，并利用FT—IR、光泽仪、交流阻抗等测试方法对老化的涂层进行分析表征，评价涂层的老化行为，并探讨涂层老化的原因。结果表明，随着老化时间的延长，涂层表面光泽度不断下降，涂层的耐腐蚀性能下降，聚合物化学键被破坏，造成涂层树脂不断降解引起老化。     

聚合物涂料耐久性预测试验法概析

概析了评价聚合物耐久性所用的各种方法，包括天然老化法和人工老化法，以及一些常用的物理检验法（如失光、粉化、保色性、开裂、龟裂、接触角、膜厚、失重、ＳＥＭ、ＤＭＡ等）。讨论了它们作为耐久性预测快速奏效法的可行性及其优缺点。     

人工加速老化试验中常见问题探讨

人工加速老化是评价高分子材科性能常用的试验方法。从试验条件的选择、光源的选择、试验时间的确定、评价指标的选择几方面对人工加速老化试验中常见的一些问题进行了探讨,提出了一些可行的解决方案。     

塑料大气老化与人工氙灯老化相关性试验

本试验选取六种通用和工程塑料进行大气老化和人工氙灯老化,采用缺口冲击强度或断裂伸长率保持50％为终止指标,评价其材料的耐候性。试验表明,人工氙灯老化与大气老化结果基本一致,但不同塑料间加速倍率及相关系数差别较大,尚不存在简单而统一的相关性。     

用紫外线荧光灯作为光源的高分子材料人工加速曝露试验装置的试制

一、前言为评价高分子材料的耐候性而广泛采用着人工加速曝露装置,但尚存二个重要问题未解决。一是多数情况下光老化与户外老化机理不同;二是将同种材料曝露在同一类型的装置中时,光老化速度或光老化机理也有不同,即有机器误差。不解决这两个问题,就难于着手解决人工加速老化与户外老化的速度比因试验材料不同而产生明显差异问     

聚丙烯自然和人工气候老化的相互关系

对三种牌号聚丙烯进行了自然和人工气候老化,以断裂伸长率保持率评价为指标,建立了以紫外光辐照能为变量的两种老化之间的相关方程,探索了用人工气候老试验去预报自然气候老化试验的时间.     

复合材料老化方法研究进展

概述了复合材料自然老化及人工气候老化研究方法的进展，介绍了根据老化研究结果确定复合材料使用寿命的方法，并就如何全面地、合理地评价复合材料的使用性能提出了几点建议。     

油漆涂层老化检验评级方法(修改草案)

本方法规定了油漆涂层大气老化和人工加速老化的统一检验评级方法。油漆涂层老化现象包括失光、变色、粉化、裂纹、起泡、长霉、生锈、脱落等。以头五项老化现象为主要检验指标,先进行单     

关于氙灯老化和户外大气自然暴晒的综述

现阶段,模拟太阳光谱比较接近的人工加速老化试验主要是氙弧灯和碳弧灯。但是很多国家普遍认为氙灯是目前模拟太阳光最佳的一种光源,已经逐渐代替了碳弧灯气候老化。     

氙灯加速老化对聚酯纤维/PVC柔性复合材料力学性能影响的研究

聚酯纤维/PVC柔性复合材料由于多用于户外,易受阳光照射而老化,从而影响材料的力学性能。通过模拟大气环境较好的氙灯耐气候试验箱,考察了氙灯加速老化对聚酯纤维/PVC柔性复合材料顶破性能和撕裂性能的影响。采用CRT材料试验机,研究了聚酯纤维/PVC柔性复合材料的顶破性能和撕裂性能的变化,并比较了两种不同撕裂模式的破坏机理;采用FTIR研究了PVC涂层吸收峰和峰强的变化;采用SEM研究老化前后涂层表面的微观形貌。研究表明:氙灯人工气候老化下,聚酯纤维/PVC柔性复合材料的老化机理主要是羰基化合物和共轭双键的形成;柔性复合材料撕裂性能下降明显;不同撕裂模式对评价柔性复合材料差异较大。     

紫外光与合成材料的光老化

系统分析了太阳近紫外能量累积值与紫外能谱实测结果及实测阳光碳弧、紫外碳弧、氙灯等人工光源紫外能谱分布图;阐明了应以太阳紫外能谱(290nm~400nm)为依据,重点考察了人工光源紫外能谱的模拟性和紫外能量。以此评价合成材料老化与防老化行为、状态会更趋真实性、科学性与可比性;由我们试验分析的结果可知,氙灯的确是一种理想的人工光源。     

Effects of fluorine and silicon components on the hydrophobicity failure behavior of acrylic polyurethane coatings

Hydrocarbon acrylic copolymer was synthesized by a radical polymerization route. Fluorine-containing copolymer was prepared via a post-fluorine modification method. Hydrocarbon, fluorine-containing, silicon-containing, and fluorosilicone acrylic polyurethane coatings were prepared by curing reaction of the curing agents and mixtures of the synthesized copolymers and amino silicone, respectively. Indoor atmospheric environment, hygrothermal environment, different temperature environment, as well as xenon arc aging environment were employed to investigate the hydrophobicity failure behavior of the coatings. Chemical structure of the coatings was characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrum. Water contact angles of the coatings were monitored during the failure process. Thermostability of the coatings was explored by thermo gravimetric analysis. Surface morphology of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Elemental composition of the coating surface was analyzed by a X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results showed that the acrylic polyurethane coatings were prepared as expected. In addition, the modification mechanism determined the performance of the coatings in different environments. The fluorine-containing coating performed with better hydrophobicity in the indoor atmospheric environment, hygrothermal environment and low-temperature environment, but failed faster in the high temperature and xenon arc aging environments. The silicon-containing coating exhibited relatively stable hydrophobicity in the high temperature and the xenon arc aging environments. The hydrophobicity of the fluorosilicone coating fell in between that of the fluorine- and silicon-containing coatings under all of the experimental conditions. The fluorine-containing components improved the hydrophobicity of the coatings more effectively, while the silicon-containing components contributed more to the thermo and weather resistance property of the coatings.     

国内外实验室光源加速老化试验设备

介绍国内外实验室光源老化试验设备中最常使用的光源的特征、发展及设备的结构特点,并以户外太阳光源相似程度的角度,分析了碳弧灯、氙弧灯、荧光紫外灯及金属卤灯的优缺点。     

Effect of xenon arc irradiation on optical whitened polyester woven fabrics

In this study, the CIE whiteness (CIE WI) and whiteness tint (T_w) of optically whitened (OWA) woven (plain and twill) polyester fabrics irradiated with xenon arc light were investigated. The fabrics were whitened in four concentrations using nine different commercial optical whitening agents, and were irradiated with xenon arc light under specific conditions between 0 and 100 h at 10‐h intervals. The reflectance of the OWA fabrics was measured by using spectrophotometer, whereas the CIE WI and T_w values were calculated by using computer software. The results were investigated by statistical methods using analysis of variance and regression curves in which of the CIE WI of OWA polyester fabrics was found to decrease, while the T_w was also affected depending on irradiation time from the xenon arc light. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2013     

191～#不饱和聚酯树脂西部曝晒和人工加速老化的研究

对191#不饱和聚酯树脂进行了自然曝晒老化、人工热氧加速老化及人工氙灯加速老化试验,并对老化前后试样的外观形貌、光泽度、黄色指数、拉伸强度和弯曲强度进行了研究。实验结果表明,随着加速老化的不断进行,试样表面会出现泛黄、失光率增大和裂纹等现象,强度呈先增后降的趋势,弯曲强度由20 MPa(未老化时)增至最大值40 MPa(热氧老化60 d或氙灯老化45 d),拉伸强度由113 MPa(未老化时)增至最大值125 MPa(氙灯老化30 d)和128 MPa(热氧老化60 d);老化方式不同,老化前后试样的性能变化也不相同,即失光率对热氧老化更敏感、强度对紫外光老化更敏感;西部曝晒180 d,不饱和聚酯树脂仍处于后固化阶段,但强度已开始下降,下降程度与曝晒地区有关,变化最明显的是新疆尉犁地区,弯曲强度由最大值40 MPa(自然曝晒120 d)降低至35 MPa(自然曝晒180 d)。     

Colour Fastness of Textiles to Daylight and Artificial Light

Exposure of 677 dyed cloths to daylight in Melbourne, Australia, and to radiation from carbon arc and xenon arc failed to support the commonly accepted view that xenon-arc exposures more reliably reproduce daylight exposures than do carbon-arc exposures. In contrast the results indicated that, for Melbourne daylight at least, the carbon arc is a more reliable indicator of light fastness than the xenon arc.     

聚乙烯耐候母粒的制备及其在聚乙烯薄膜中的应用

采用氙灯人工加速老化的方法,研究了光稳定剂、光吸收剂及光引发剂等对PE薄膜耐候性能的影响。结果表明:光稳定剂944和327可改善PE薄膜的耐候性能,但是长效效果较差,由光吸收剂2#制备的耐候母粒对PE薄膜具有很好的长效耐候效果,且不添加光引发剂的效果更好,氙灯老化3000h后,拉伸强度保持率可达75%。     

铕配合物对线形低密度聚乙烯老化性能的影响

合成了组成为Eu2·(BA)3·(PhEN)2·nH2O的铕、苯甲酰丙酮和1,10-二氮杂菲三元配合物。利用热重分析仪、热氧老化箱以及自然曝晒、氙灯加速老化实验,并通过考察不同氧化过程中材料力学性能和红外光谱的变化, 研究了此配合物加入线形低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)后对其热氧老化、光氧老化及总的老化性能的影响。研究表明,该铕配合物对PE-LLD的光氧化过程有明显的阻滞作用,而对其热氧化过程则有加速作用,对材料老化性能总的影响取决于二者的综合。