双丙酮丙烯酰胺的制备和应用

介绍了双丙酮丙烯酰胺的性质、制备方法及应用情况     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的制备和应用

双丙酮丙烯酰胺（ＤＡＡＭ）是一种重要精细化工产品，本文简要地介绍了其性质、制备方法和应用情况     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺在聚丙烯酰胺改性中的应用

以双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,K2S2O8-NaHSO3氧化还原体系为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成了P(AM-DAAM)二元共聚物,用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱进行了表征。研究了原料中单体配比、反应时间、引发剂用量对共聚物的特性粘数的影响。结果表明,当DAAM在共聚物中的含量为33.64%时,聚合物的特性粘数比相同条件下合成的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)提高9.9倍;通过对各种组成共聚物在不同盐溶液中的特性粘数的测定表明,该共聚物具有良好的耐盐性能。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的合成与应用

本文对双丙酮丙烯酰胺的性能和其聚合物的特性进行了阐述,对其合成工艺，以及该化合物及其聚合物在各个生产行业中的应用给予了较详尽的评述。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的研制及应用

DIACETINEACRYLAMIDEANDITSAPPLICATION1前言双丙酮丙烯酰胺是国外60年代开发的精细化工产品，缩写DAAM。其外观是白色或微黄色的片状结晶体，熔点56．5—57℃，沸点120℃，纯度大于99％，密度0．998，闪点110℃，粘度179－3Pa·S（60℃），溶于水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃、醋酸乙酯、二氯甲烷。苯、乙腈等多种有机溶剂，但不溶于石油醚等脂肪烃。因其具有独特的物理和化学性能，已被广泛应用于：喷雾固发用树脂、制版用感光性树脂、呼吸性薄膜、通气耐水性涂膜、光学镜片、接触镜片、抗静电性聚合物，皮革涂饰剂、纸…     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的合成

双丙酮丙烯酰胺是一类重要的化工原料。该文综述了双丙酮丙烯酰胺4种不同的合成方法，对常用的以丙酮、丙烯腈为原料的合成反应机理进行了讨论。对于该反应的合成条件优化以及替代浓硫酸催化剂的研究是今后研究的重点。报道的较为经济的反应条件为：n(丙酮)：n(丙烯腈)：n(浓硫酸)=2．4：1：1．1，反应温度50℃，反应时间4h。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺

双丙酮丙烯酰胺主要作为均聚物使用,同时它又是一个很好的改性剂,因此具有广泛的使用范围,可以用在涂料、粘接剂、发胶、感光材料等许多方面。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的应用研究进展

双丙酮丙烯酰胺(简称DAAM)是一种新型的乙烯基功能单体,极易与其他乙烯基单体发生共聚、交联和接枝反应,其碳碳双键可发生加成反应和聚合反应生成共聚体;酮羰基可与氨及其衍生物进行交联反应和醇醛说缩合等。因其众多特性,双丙酮丙烯酰胺被广泛应用于涂料、感光树脂助剂、日化用品、纺织助剂和医疗卫生等领域。本文主要综述双丙酮丙烯酰胺的实际应用研究进展,并对其工业应用进行了展望。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的合成研究

以丙酮、丙烯腈为原料,在98%浓硫酸催化作用下合成一种环状中间体,利用结晶提取中间体,再中和开环制得双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)。研究反应条件对中间体收率的影响,结果表明,合成中间体的适宜条件为:n(丙酮)∶n(丙烯腈)∶n(98%浓硫酸)=2.3∶1.0∶2.5、反应温度50℃、反应时间4 h。根据晶体生长理论确定影响结晶的主要因素,并研究了这些因素对中间体的收率及纯度的影响,确定提取中间体的工艺条件为:结晶稀释剂用量(相对0.5 mol丙烯腈)250mL、结晶温度为0℃。在适宜的合成工艺条件下,制得中间体相对丙烯腈的收率为58.8%,DAAM产物纯度为98.7%,熔点为56.1~56.7℃,相对丙烯腈的收率为50.4%,采用红外光谱、气相色谱及熔点测定方法对产物进行了分析表征。     

不饱和聚酯／聚氨酯互穿网络聚合物的力学性能和形态结构的表征

对由不饱和聚酯和聚氨酯形成的不同组成的互穿网络聚合物的缺口冲击强度,拉伸强度及弯曲强度等力学性能进行了分析,并由透射电子显微镜观察了这种材料的形态结构,结果表明,当聚氨酯用量为１０％～２０％（质量分数）时,聚合物形成较好的互穿网络结构,使材料具有较高的冲击强度及拉伸强度,但对弯曲强度影响不大。     

互穿聚合物网络技术对丁羟推进剂粘合剂体系性能的改善

通过互穿聚合物网络(IPN)技术,在原有丁羟推进剂粘合剂体系中添加甲基丙烯酸B酯作为塑料相,合成了3个系列的胶片。测定了预聚物的动态黏度,发现改性的预聚物黏度在反应初期明显低于原有预聚物黏度,丙烯酸酯的加入明显改善了其加工工艺性能;对胶片力学性能的测试则表明,拉伸强度可达到1.432 MPa,断裂伸长率达到576.614%。可见,丙烯酸酯对胶片力学性能的改善起到了显著的作用。玻璃化转变温度的测定表征了IPN体系的相分离程度。     

Mechanical performance of vinyl ester—polyurethane interpenetrating polymer network composites

In this study, a carbon fiber/vinyl ester-polyurethane interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) laminate composite was fabricated and characterized for the first time. The IPN matrix, consisting of a commercially available vinyl ester and polyurethane, was synthesized via a sequential method with vinyl ester as the rigid phase and polyurethane as the flexible phase. Good compatibility between the two phases in the matrix was achieved and confirmed via differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The thermomechanical response of the IPN matrix was compared with that of an unmodified vinyl ester resin. The presence of the more ductile polyurethane in the IPN matrix depressed the glass transition temperature (from 94 to 84°C), but also served to improve damping response at all frequencies studied. Tensile and flexural tests were performed on the carbon fiber/IPN and carbon fiber/vinyl ester composites to determine their mechanical response. The IPN composite exhibited lower tensile properties than the vinyl ester composite. However, its flexural properties were on par with those of the vinyl ester composite.     

GAP型交联改性双基推进剂黏合剂的力学性能

将GAP与异氰酸酯预聚后引入双基推进剂黏合剂中,研究了固化剂种类、R值、固化催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(T12)的含量和增塑比对黏合剂的交联网络结构参数RNB值和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着R值以及(T12)含量的增大,黏合剂的RNB值增大。在与NC中活性-OH交联反应时,TDI的反应活性比IPDI的高。GAP-TDI/NC/NG胶片的最大抗拉强度和断裂延伸率分别可达1.09MPa和202.12%,Tg最低为-42.66℃。     

Mechanical and morphological study of polyurethane/polystyrene interpenetrating polymer networks containing ionic groups

The viscoelastic and mechanical properties and the morphology of polyurethane (PUR)/ olystyrene (PS) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) containing ionic groups have been investigated. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) revealed a pronounced change in the viscoelastic properties upon the introduction of ionic groups. For the 70 : 30 and 60 : 40 PUR/PS IPN compositions, the DMTA data changed from a dominant PUR to a dominant PS loss factor peak. Higher intertransition loss factor values indicated a significant improvement of IPN component mixing with increasing ionic content. The stress at break values increased only moderately, whereas sharp rises in Young's modulus and hardness values were found at 2 wt % ionic groups. At the same time, the strain at break values decreased by half. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated a grossly phase-separated morphology for the 70 : 30 PUR/PS IPN without ionic groups. With increasing methacrylic acid (MAA) content, the PS phase domain sizes decreased. At 2 wt % of ionic groups, a TEM micrograph showed interconnected PS phase domains resembling a network structure. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1973–1985, 1998     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺的制备及应用研究进展

双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)是一种新型的功能单体,在化工领域中占有重要地位。文章综述了DAAM的制备技术和近年来在涂料等领域中的应用进展。双丙酮丙烯酰胺可用二丙酮醇和丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺和二丙酮醇、丙烯酰胺和异丙烯基丙酮为原料,强酸或杂多酸为催化剂制得。由于DAAM分子具有多功能基团的独特构型,因而化学性质非常活泼,具有许多优良性质,能进行多种反应,如聚合反应、交联反应、加成反应等,并以其良好的水溶性、保湿性、吸水性等特性,在涂料、日化用品、感光树脂助剂、粘合剂、环氧树脂固化剂、替代明胶、医用材料、聚酯树脂交联剂和纸张增强剂等领域的应用日趋广泛。本文最后展望了其今后的研究方向和发展趋势。     

Epoxy resin–poly(ethyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks: Morphology,mechanical, and thermal properties

Full (interpenetrating networks (IPNs)) and semi-IPNs of the epoxy resin and poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) were prepared by the sequential mode of synthesis. These were characterized with respect to their mechanical properties, namely, tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus, and toughness. Thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The morphological features were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy. The effects of variation of the blend ratios on the above-mentioned properties were examined. There was a gradual decrease of modulus and tensile strength with consequent increases in elongation at break and toughness for both types of IPNs with increases in PEMA content. The weight retentions in the thermal decomposition of both the semi-IPNs and full IPNs were higher than the epoxy homopolymer. This enhancement was presumably related to the presence of the unzipped ethyl methacrylate monomer, which acted as radical scavengers in the epoxy degradation. An inward shift and lowering (with respect to pure epoxy) of the T_g of the IPNs was observed. The polarized light microscopy exhibits bimodal distribution of particle sizes. The fractography as studied by SEM shows change in fracture mechanics from shear yielding to crazing with increasing PEMA content. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1051–1059, 1998     

SBR/P(St-MMA-AN)互穿网络聚合物的加工和力学性能

以丁苯胶乳为种子乳液，苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯腈的混合物为硬单体，二乙烯基苯为交联剂，在氧化还原引发体系下，以种子乳液聚合法得复合乳液，絮凝干燥后得到共聚物。研究了硬单体用量、硬单体配比、加工次数对聚合物力学性能的影响规律。结果表明，聚合物可反复进行热塑性加工，聚合物微观相畴随加工次数增多而变小。     

Studies on physico‐mechanical and optical properties,and WAXS of castor oil based polyurethane/polyacrylates interpenetrating polymer networks

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of polyurethane (PU)/polyacrylates have been synthesized by sequential polymerization of castor oil, methylene diisocyanate (MDI), and acrylate monomers such as methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and ethyl acrylate (EA); with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDM) as an initiator and crosslinker, respectively. The physico‐mechanical properties, such as density, surface hardness, tensile strength, percentage elongation at break, and tear strength; and the optical properties, like total transmittance and haze, of PU/polyacrylate IPNs have been reported. Microcrystalline parameters of IPNs have been computed by using wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) recordings. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 764–773, 2005