NCMA技术在脱硫脱碳系统中的工业应用

简要介绍了NCMA工艺在工业项目中的应用情况,着重介绍了应用中出现的问题及改进措施。     

NCMA法脱碳新技术及应用

二氧化碳脱除在合成甲醇和氨、制氢、天然气等工业生产中是非常重要的一个环节，目前广泛采用的脱碳方法主要分为化学吸收法、物理吸收法和物理化学吸收法三类，其中化学吸收法适合于CO2分压较低、净化度要求高的情况，但再生热能耗较大；物理吸收法适合于CO2分压较高、净化度要求低一些的情况，只需降压或气提予以再生，总能耗比化学吸收法低，但CO2回收率低，脱CO2前必需将硫化物去除；物理化学吸收法净化度较高，总能耗介于化学吸收法与物理吸收法之间。     

流程模拟在NCMA脱碳装置设计方面的应用

介绍了NCMA技术的研发背景及其在镇海炼化的应用,在掌握大量实验数据基础上,采用Aspen Plus软件模拟整个脱碳流程,并用于镇海炼化16×104t/a催化脱硫干气脱碳装置的工艺设计与优化;通过模拟计算,研究了贫液酸气含量、贫液温度等参数对吸收指标的影响,结合项目要求的产品气控制指标,从中优选了最佳操作条件;研究了塔径及填料高度对吸收再生性能的影响,得到了优化的塔条件。基于模拟计算所设计的脱碳装置在镇海炼化得到了成功应用,自2010年6月投入使用以来,各项指标均达到设计要求,生产操作稳定,每年可从催化脱硫干气中回收乙烯2.96×104t,该装置每年产生直接经济效益15 830×104元/a。     

NCMA法脱碳技术在山东大卫集团有限公司的应用

本文阐述了NCMA法脱碳技术在山东大卫集团有限公司的应用情况．介绍了该技术的基本原理、工艺流程以及试验中主要事故及处理等。实践证明．该技术提高了溶液的吸收速度和吸收能力．降低了再生能耗,具有广阔的适用范围。     

合成氨原料天然气脱碳技术改造总结

合成氨装置原料天然气更换,CO_2和N_2含量增高,通过增加预脱碳装置和深冷空分装置,使原料气满足生产需求。同时针对试车和投用后出现的问题,采取相应的处理措施,使问题得到解决。     

1.7MPa碳丙脱碳改为NHD脱碳技术总结

本文简要地介绍了该厂将１．７ＭＰａ碳内脱碳工艺改为ＮＨＤ脱碳工艺的经验及效益。     

国产MDEA脱碳技术及溶液的应用总结

总结国产MDEA脱碳技术与MDEA溶液在年产30万吨合成氨装置脱碳系统的应用情况,并对系统运行中存在的腐蚀等问题进行讨论,为国产化MDEA脱碳技术及溶液的推广应用提供借鉴。     

干法脱碳替代湿法脱碳技术对比及应用分析

对干法变压吸附脱碳技术与湿法脱碳技术进行了简述,采用实际运行数据从技术、经济、运行、环保等方面进行对比分析,通过采用技术替代的工程应用阐明了干法(变压吸附)技术替代传统湿法脱碳的优势和推广价值。     

天然气中二氧化碳脱除技术

本文介绍了脱除天然气中二氧化碳的几种经济可行的工艺技术,即醇胺溶液化学吸收（MDEA）法、膜分离法、变压吸附法和低温甲醇吸收法。     

Towards a cleaner natural gas production: recent developments on purification technologies

ABSTRACT

The development of new, efficient and cost-effective technologies for acid gases (CO₂ and H₂S) removal from natural gas is pertinent for cleaner energy productions. The removal of acid gases from natural gas can be carried out using different techniques (chemical, physical or hybrid). Although the widely employed techniques are generally effective, they have some ascribed drawbacks such as process efficiency and high-energy cost. Emerging techniques are being considered to reduce or eliminate these limitations but their deployment on an industrial scale may require that certain scientific and technological criteria, such as higher selectivity and gas separation kinetics, be met. Unprecedented and lacking in previous appraisals, this review has focused on the emerging and sustainable developments on acid gases removal from natural gas, but not without a critical evaluation of the existing technologies to provide a better background on the subject, ascertain the status-quo and identify gaps for further improvements. Efficiency of these emerging technologies are analysed with focus on ionic liquids and their blends, binding organic liquids, enzyme-based separation technologies and others. This review also features the brief contribution of the authors towards the development of low-cost materials for CO₂/natural gas separation. This article is expected to serve as an in-depth requisite background for further research on carbon capture processes with respect to natural gas purification.     

二氧化碳驱伴生气分离技术综述

对CO2驱油田伴生气成分复杂、二氧化碳浓度高等特点进行了分析,详细介绍了几种当前热门的伴生气分离提纯技术,包括化学吸收法、膜分离法、变压吸附法、低温分馏法等,并对各类方法的原理、优缺点进行了深入解析。对伴生气CO2分离技术及复配方法进行了综合对比,得出膜分离+化学吸收法、低温分馏+化学吸收、膜分离+变压吸附更适用于分离CO2驱油田伴生气中的CO2。     

膜技术在天然气分离中的应用

膜分离技术是新兴的分离技术,气体膜分离技术在膜分离中占有相当的比重.气体膜分离法正发展成为分离天然气的一项重要技术.介绍了气体膜分离技术的原理,并论述了该技术在天然气处理中的应用,如脱除天然气中的水分和酸性组分、天然气中提氦、天然气中轻重烃组分的脱除与回收等,最后简要分析了天然气膜法处理技术的发展与应用前景.     

天然气制乙炔净化技术应用研究进展

介绍了国内外天然气裂解制取乙炔原料气的净化技术（提浓和精制）及应用研究现状,对比分析了各种乙炔提浓与精制技术的优缺点。针对现有乙炔精制技术存在工艺流程复杂、操作条件苛刻、溶剂损耗大、废硫酸难以处理等技术经济问题,提出了溶剂法乙炔精制技术。采用高选择性溶剂脱除粗乙炔气中的高级炔烃和CO2获得产品乙炔。该乙炔绿色精制技术不仅克服了现有乙炔净化技术的缺点,还能获得高级炔烃副产品。     

水合物法快速脱除天然气中二氧化碳

水合物法脱除天然气中CO2是一种新的天然气脱碳分离技术,可用于初步大量脱除高含CO2天然气和沼气中的CO2.为天然气脱碳提供一种工艺简单、流程快和环保的方法.笔者用CO2(摩尔分数为33.00％)/CH4混合气模拟高含CO2的天然气,在1L的反应釜内,研究混合气水合过程随压力和气水体积比的变化,分析水合过程的温度、压力...     

国内焦炉气制天然气专利技术发展现状

综述了国内焦炉气制天然气专利技术发展现状,分析了国内焦炉气制天然气技术的2种主要工艺,"焦炉气甲烷化制备天然气"工艺和"焦炉气联合净化分离制备天然气"工艺。介绍了目前国内焦炉气制天然气技术拥有单位或个人专利申请情况,指出焦炉气制天然气项目的实施对焦化行业节能减排及发展循环经济等具有重要意义。     

Swirling flow of natural gas in supersonic separators

The supersonic swirling separator is a new apparatus for offshore and subsea natural gas separation, due to its lightweight and the viability of unmanned operation. A new supersonic swirling separator was designed for the numerical calculation, in which a central body was inserted based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Axial and radial distribution of the main parameters of natural gas flow was investigated with RNG K-? turbulence model. The effects of the shock waves on the natural gas flow fields were analyzed in the supersonic separator. The results show that water and heavy hydrocarbons can be separated from natural gas due to the low temperature and high centrifugal field. The non-uniformity of radial distribution of the gas dynamic parameters significantly affects the gas/liquid separation. The position of the shock wave determines the distribution of the temperature, which has a great influence on the re-evaporation of liquid droplets.     

Adsorption of natural gas and biogas components on activated carbon

Experimental results are presented for the adsorption equilibria of methane, ethane, propane, butane, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, as well as natural gas odorants tert-butyl mercaptan and tetrahydrothiophene, on an activated carbon with the desirable characteristics for use in a guard bed for adsorbed natural gas storage, but that can also be applied for separation of biogas components, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The adsorption experiments were performed using both open- and closed-loop gravimetry over the pressure and temperature ranges of 0–9 MPa and 273–325 K, respectively. The two odorants were analyzed at the very low concentrations usually found in natural gas (0–25 mg/(N m³)). The experimental data were successfully correlated by the adsorption potential theory and collapsed into a single temperature-independent characteristic curve. This analysis allows for extrapolation of the adsorption data to higher alkanes, for which no experimental data are available, in order to span the global composition of a typical natural gas stream. The adsorption equilibrium data for methane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen were fitted to the Toth and Sips isotherm models and their isosteric heats of adsorption were determined. The preferential adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide indicates that the carbon can be used for methane purification from natural gas, carbon dioxide sequestration from flue gas, or biogas purification.     

气体膜分离混合气中二氧化碳的研究进展

气体膜分离技术作为碳捕获方案被国际社会认为是最有发展潜力的脱碳方法之一.综述介绍了中空纤维膜接触器、膜结构、系统工艺和吸收剂的研究现状.相对于水和碳酸盐类,醇胺具有的二氧化碳吸收率高、反应热低、反应速度快以及容易再生等优点,在研究与工业过程中是应用最广泛的吸收剂之一.