复合陶瓷的应用发展是未来新材料市场的主题

陶瓷基复合材料不是传统意义上的陶瓷,它是以陶瓷为基体与各种纤维复合的一类复合材料。其主要基体有玻璃陶瓷、氧化铝、氮化硅等,具有高温强度好、高耐磨性、高耐腐蚀性、低膨胀系数、隔热性好及低密度等特性,而且资源也比较丰富,有广泛的应用前景。针对陶瓷基复合材料成为争夺国际市场的制高点,分析了陶瓷基复合材料的研发受到重视,阐述了复合陶瓷材料的特点,介绍了陶瓷基复合材料的应用领域,同时指出了节能环保的车用陶瓷基结构复合材料大有作为。     

节能环保的陶瓷基复合材料走俏未来简

众所周知,陶瓷基复合材料不是传统意义上的陶瓷,陶瓷基复合材料是以陶瓷为基体与各种纤维复合的一类复合材料。陶瓷基体可为氮化硅、碳化硅等高温结构陶瓷。它的主要基体有玻璃陶瓷、氧化铝、氮化硅等。这些先进陶瓷具有耐高温、高强度和刚度、相对重量较轻、高耐腐蚀性、低线胀系数、隔热性好及低密度等优异性能,而且资源也比较丰富,有广泛的应用前景。但其致命的弱点是具有脆性,处于应力状态时,会产生裂纹,甚至断裂导致材料失效。     

节能环保的陶瓷基复合材料走俏未来

<正>众所周知,陶瓷基复合材料不是传统意义上的陶瓷,陶瓷基复合材料是以陶瓷为基体与各种纤维复合的一类复合材料。陶瓷基体可为氮化硅、碳化硅等高温结构陶瓷。它的主要基体有玻璃陶瓷、氧化铝、氮化硅等。这些先进陶瓷具有耐高温、高强度和刚度、相对重量较轻、高耐腐蚀性、低线胀系数、隔热性好及低密度等优异性能,而且资源也比较丰富,有广泛的应用前景。但其致命的弱点是具有脆性,处于应力状态时,会产生裂纹,甚至断裂导致材料失效。而采用高强     

纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面及增韧机制的进展

陶瓷基复合材料以其优异的耐高温、热稳定性好、耐磨损等性能,在高技术领域和航空航天领域有重要应用。界面在纤维和陶瓷基体之间起着决定性的作用,复合材料的界面相是纤维与基体连接的纽带,也是应力及其它信息传递的桥梁。本文分别从不同复合方式、复合材料的界面研究及纤维增强基体的增韧机制和界面的力学性能等方面进行了综述。     

纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面及增韧机制的进展

陶瓷基复合材料以其优异的耐高温、热稳定性好、耐磨损等性能,在高技术领域和航空航天领域有重要应用。界面在纤维和陶瓷基体之间起着决定性的作用,复合材料的界面相是纤维与基体连接的纽带,也是应力及其它信息传递的桥梁。本文分别从不同复合方式复合材料的界面研究、纤维增强基体的增韧机制和界面的力学性能等方面进行了综述。     

连续陶瓷基复合材料的研究现状及发展趋势

连续陶瓷基复合材料(C4材料)是近年来出现的一种具有全新复合增强方式的陶瓷/金属复合材料.在这种复合材料中,基体陶瓷增强相具有三维连通的内部结构,因而起增韧作用的金属填充在陶瓷骨架的空隙中,其在空间上也是三维连通的.实现这种复合结构需要不同于传统的复合材料成型与制备技术.这种复合结构使得连续陶瓷基复合材料能够将陶瓷与金属各自的性能特点与优点更多的保留在最终的复合材料中;同时,还表现出了与传统复合材料(颗粒增强复合材料、纤维增强复合材料等)不同的性能特性,具有广泛的应用前景.     

连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面研究进展

在陶瓷基复合材料中引入高强陶瓷纤维的目的是为了增强陶瓷的断裂韧性,纤维与基体的界面是决定CMC韧性的关键因素。国内外许多专家和机构研究重点主要集中于连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的界面,包括纤维与基体的化学相容性和热物理相容性,以及用TEM、HRTEM、SADP、AEM、声学显微法、EDX等微观测试手段研究不同体系的界面形成机理。本文对上述界面研究概况进行了综述,并简述了界面设计原则和近年来计算机技术在界面研究中的应用情况。指出,连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面研究将一直是复合陶瓷基复合材料界研究的重点和难点。     

莫来石纤维增强铝硅酸盐陶瓷的强度及断裂韧性

通过对莫来石纤维、铝硅酸盐陶瓷基体及复合材料力学参数的测定,以及通过扫描电镜、电子探针等观察,对复合材料的强度及断裂韧性进行了分析,认为这两种材料的复合是匹配的。本课题所试制的铝硅酸盐陶瓷基体的强度和断裂韧性有较大的提高。     

C/C-SiC复合材料的组合工艺制备及基体改性研究进展

C/C-SiC复合材料是一种耐磨性好、抗烧蚀的高温热结构材料,被广泛应用于航空航天、摩擦制动、热防护等领域,然而几种制备C/C-SiC复合材料的单一工艺方法均存在着局限性与不足之处.本文重点介绍了几种制备C/C-SiC复合材料的组合工艺,并分析了组合工艺各自的优缺点.综述了C/C-SiC陶瓷基复合材料基体改性的相关进展...     

反应熔渗C_f/(ZrB_2)-ZrC-SiC超高温陶瓷基复合材料的优化制备及性能

受熔渗动力学控制,常规反应熔渗制备的超高温陶瓷基复合材料易存在纤维/界面损伤,基体大尺寸金属残留等问题,严重影响复合材料性能。近年来,中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所建立了基于溶胶-凝胶预成型体孔隙结构设计的超高温陶瓷基复合材料反应熔渗新方法,揭示了预成型体孔隙结构对复合材料基体分布、界面损伤及性能的影响规律;发现反应熔渗超高温陶瓷基复合材料界面锆元素聚集现象,并首次提出反应-类熔融界面损伤机制;提出准连续ZrC界面保护结构设计思路,有效缓解了反应熔渗纤维/界面损伤,实现反应熔渗C_f/(ZrB_2)-ZrCSiC超高温陶瓷基复合材料性能大幅提升。     

In situ synthesis of TiC–TiB2–hBN–SiC composites through SHS

Ceramic composite powders with novel composition were synthesized in situ by the combination of two different reactions in one step.

The high exothermicity of a reaction previously investigated for the synthesis of TiC–TiB₂ powders was exploited to carry a second low exothermic reaction for the production of hBN–SiC composites in a self-propagation regime. The overall reaction exhibited sufficient exothermicity to self-sustain till completion.

The process yielded high purity powders with tailored compositions suitable for the fabrication of ceramic and cermet materials characterized by wear resistance and self-lubricant behaviour shown by the presence of hBN intimately dispersed into the hard ceramic matrix.     

Advanced ceramics and coatings for erosion-related applications in mineral and oil and gas production: A technical review

The applications of advanced ceramics, composites and coatings in mineral, mining, fuel production, and processing are reviewed. The materials include oxide and non-oxide ceramics (specifically SiC-based), ceramic–ceramic, and ceramic–metal composites, coatings on metallic components where functional application properties can be achieved. Some principles of materials selection, specifically for erosion wear and corrosion applications, and manufacturing are considered. The examples of the successful development and processing of ceramics, coatings, and composites with manageable structures and phase compositions, in the erosion-related applications, particularly conducted by the author, are discussed and reviewed. Specifically, industrially employed types of ceramics and processing routes were focused on the considered applications. Particular demands for advanced materials with high reliability and complex shapes or for protective coatings on complex shape steel components and long tubing with inner surface protection require novel and optimized processing. The factors affecting erosion and erosion–corrosion resistance and the paths for the erosion resistance enhancement of ceramic and coating materials are considered. Ceramic components design, technology, and installation features are reviewed.     

高温自润滑陶瓷复合材料研究进展

工作于高温环境中的陶瓷摩擦副,其润滑问题必须得到解决。由于传统润滑方法难以实施,研制具有自润滑性能的陶瓷或其复合材料无疑是一条很好的途径。本文综述了固体润滑剂、陶瓷以及陶瓷复合材料的高温干摩擦的研究现状。试图分析找出实现这一目标的途径。     

高温陶瓷纤维过滤材料

陶瓷纤维过滤材料具有体积密度小、过滤阻力低、热稳定性好等特点,在高温热 气体净化领域具有广阔应用前景。本文主要介绍了高温陶瓷纤维过滤元件的种类、制备工艺及 其在热气体净化中的应用,提出了存在的问题和下一步发展趋势。     

金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料的制备工艺与研究进展

金属间化合物材料具有许多优良的性能,可以将金属间化合物与陶瓷材料相复合形成金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料.金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料是近年来发展起来的一种新型复合材料,制备的金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料具有很多优异的性能.本文主要介绍金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料的制备工艺和力学性能以及研究进展,研究和开发的金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料主要包括Fe-Al金属间化合物/陶瓷复合材料,Ti-Al金属间化合物/陶瓷复合材料和Ni-Al金属间化合物/陶瓷复合材料.本文对金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料未来的发展趋势进行了分析和预测.     

A review on laser deposition-additive manufacturing of ceramics and ceramic reinforced metal matrix composites

Ceramics and ceramic reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) are widely used in severe working conditions and have been applied in biomedical, aerospace, electronic, and other high-end engineering industries owing to their superior properties of high wear resistance, outstanding chemical inertness, and excellent properties at elevated temperatures. These superior properties, on the other hand, make it difficult to process these materials with conventional manufacturing methods, posing problems of high cost and energy consumptions. In response to this problem, direct additive manufacturing (AM), which is equipped with a high-power-density laser beam as heat source, has been developed and extensively employed for processing ceramics and ceramic reinforced MMCs. Compared with other direct AM processes, laser deposition-additive manufacturing (LD-AM) process excels in several aspects, such as lower labor intensity, higher fabrication efficiency, and capabilities of parts remanufacturing and functionally gradient composite materials fabrication. Besides these benefits, problems of poor bonding, cracking, lowered toughness, etc. still exist in LD-AM fabricated parts. This paper reviews developments on LD-AM of ceramics and ceramic reinforced MMCs in both bulk parts fabrication and cladding. Main issues to be solved, corresponding solutions, and the trend of development are summarized and discussed.     

Crack resistance of ceramics and composites with ceramic matrix (SEVNB method)

The SEVNB method for studying crack resistance of ceramics and composites with a ceramic matrix is considered. Novel data on the crack resistance of various ceramics are presented. The special features of the SEVNB method which make it an optimum instrument for determining the crack resistance of ceramics and some composites with a ceramic matrix are described.     

Effects of carbon additives on the properties of ZrB2–based composites: A review

This review presents the recent achievements on carbon additives incorporated in ZrB₂ ceramics, improved properties, and their advancements. Monolithic ZrB₂ ceramics have broad potential applications, but their critical drawbacks such as poor damage tolerance, and weak oxidation and ablation resistance confines their applicability. It is an important issue to resolve these shortages in physiochemical properties by engineering the composite ingredients and process design of the ceramic counterparts for an extensive production and applications, which are especially essential in high–tech industries and products. Carbon additives have exceptional characteristics including low density, low cost, and excellent thermo–mechanical stability. These materials have been incorporated in ZrB₂ ceramics to enhance their efficiency and form practical composite ceramics. Although addition of the secondary carbonaceous phases is generally supposed to improve the mechanical properties of ZrB₂ composites, it may also result in a decrease in other aspects of performance, comparing with monolithic ZrB₂ ceramics. In this work, we reviewed the methods and strategies for the preparation of carbon modulated ZrB₂ ceramic composites. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages, and the productivity of the introduced composite ceramics have been explored and featured.     

低碳经济驱动新型陶瓷材料行业的未来

新型陶瓷材料具有高强、高硬、耐腐蚀、耐高温等特性。近些年来,在开发新能源和有效利用石油能源的呼声中,发达国家相继掀起了新型陶瓷材料研究开发的热潮。针对新型陶瓷材料的独特性能,综述了工程陶瓷材料用途广泛和特殊性能的功能陶瓷材料广阔应用前景;以及陶瓷基复合材料具有广泛的发展趋势;介绍了广泛应用于工程领域的陶瓷阀门材料和切削性能优良的新型陶瓷刀具;同时指出了陶瓷材料产业的应用开发趋势。