Distributed Workflow Management System based on Publish-Subscribe Notification for Web Services

In recent years, Grid technologies have been standardized based on Web service specifications. Of these specifications, the WS-Resources Framework and WS-Notification have attracted a great deal of attention. This paper focuses on scientific applications integration on the wide area network. We propose and implement a new distributed workflow management system called the “Application Igniting System.” This system is based on the publish-subscribe notification defined by the WS-Notification specification and realizes a flexible and loosely coupled workflow control by introducing some Web services, which handle message exchange. By applying to a typical bioinformatics workflow, we concluded that the overhead time related to message exchange is very short.     

DynaGrid: A dynamic service deployment and resource migration framework for WSRF-compliant applications

Large-scale Grid is a computing environment composed of Internet-wide distributed resources shared by a number of applications. Although WSRF and Java-based hosting environment can successfully deal with the heterogeneity of resources and the diversity of applications, the current Grid systems have several limitations to support the dynamic nature of large-scale Grid.This paper proposes DynaGrid, a new framework for building large-scale Grid for WSRF-compliant applications. Compared to the existing Grid systems, DynaGrid provides three new mechanisms: dynamic service deployment, resource migration, and transparent request dispatching. Two core components, ServiceDoor and dynamic service launcher (DSL), have been implemented as WSRF-compliant Web services to realize DynaGrid, which are applicable to any Java-based WSRF hosting environment. We construct a real testbed with DynaGrid on the Globus Toolkit 4 and evaluate the effectiveness of our framework using two practical applications. The evaluation results show that dynamic service deployment and resource migration in DynaGrid bring many advantages to large-scale Grid in terms of performance and reliability with minimal overhead.     

Introduce: An Open Source Toolkit for Rapid Development of Strongly Typed Grid Services

Service-oriented architectures and applications have gained wide acceptance in the Grid computing community. A number of tools and middleware systems have been developed to support application development using Grid Services architectures. Most of these efforts, however, have focused on low-level support for management and execution of Grid services, management of Grid-enabled resources, and deployment and execution of applications that make use of Grid services. Simple-to-use service development tools, which would allow a Grid service developer to leverage Grid technologies without needing to know low-level details, are becoming increasingly important for wider application of the Grid. In this paper, we describe an open-source, extensible toolkit, called Introduce, that supports easy development and deployment of Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF) compliant services. Introduce is designed to reduce the service development and deployment effort by hiding low level details of the Globus Toolkit and to enable the implementation of strongly typed services. In strongly typed services, a service produces and consumes data types that are well-defined and published in the Grid. This enables data-level syntactic interoperability so that clients and services can access and consume data elements programmatically and correctly. We expect that enabling strongly typed Grid services while lowering the difficulty of entry to the Grid via toolkits like Introduce will have a major impact to the success of the Grid and its wider adoption as a viable technology of choice in the commercial sector as well as in academic, medical, and government research.     

The Weka4WS framework for distributed data mining in service‐oriented Grids

The service‐oriented architecture paradigm can be exploited for the implementation of data and knowledge‐based applications in distributed environments. The Web services resource framework (WSRF) has recently emerged as the standard for the implementation of Grid services and applications. WSRF can be exploited for developing high‐level services for distributed data mining applications. This paper describes Weka4WS, a framework that extends the widely used open source Weka toolkit to support distributed data mining on WSRF‐enabled Grids. Weka4WS adopts the WSRF technology for running remote data mining algorithms and managing distributed computations. The Weka4WS user interface supports the execution of both local and remote data mining tasks. On every computing node, a WSRF‐compliant Web service is used to expose all the data mining algorithms provided by the Weka library. The paper describes the design and implementation of Weka4WS using the WSRF libraries and services provided by Globus Toolkit 4. A performance analysis of Weka4WS for executing distributed data mining tasks in different network scenarios is presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

使用GT4实现基于WSRF的Web服务

状态在网格计算中是一个重要的概念,WSRF的出现为网格应用系统的状态管理问题提供了标准的方法,而GT4则完全实现了WSRF.本文介绍了Web服务、状态和WSRF,以及他们之间的关系.介绍了GT4平台和WSRF核心:WS-Resource.通过相关的实例,探讨了利用GT4实现基于WSRF的Web服务的过程.     

Defining the grid: a snapshot on the current view

The term “Grid” was introduced in early 1998 with the launch of the book “The Grid. Blueprint for a new computing infrastructure”. Since that time many technological changes have occurred in both hardware and software. One of the most important ones seems to be the wide acceptance of Web services. Although the basic Grid idea has not changed much in the last decade, many people have different ideas about what a Grid really is. In the following article we report on a survey where we invited many people in the field of Grid computing to give us their current understanding.

Resource Modeling and Cargos Tracking Service in Logistics Resource Grid Based on WSRF

I. INTRODUCTION The Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF) [1] is a set of specifications announced in 2004 as a new way for manipulating stateful resources to perform grid tasks using web services. A WS-Resource is a composition of a web service and a stateful resource described by an XML schema that is associated with the web service’s port type and addressed by a WS-Addressing EndpointReference [2]. Four specifications in the WS-ResourceFramework have been released. WS-Resou…     

Building a Peer-to-peer Information System in Grids via Self-organizing Agents

A Grid information system should rely upon two basic features: the replication and dissemination of information about Grid services and resources, and the distribution of such information among Grid hosts. This paper examines an approach based on ant systems to replicate and map Grid services information on Grid hosts according to the semantic classification of such services. The Ant-based Replication and MApping Protocol (ARMAP) is used to disseminate resource information by a decentralized mechanism, and its effectiveness is evaluated by means of an entropy index. Information is disseminated by agents – ants – that traverse the Grid by exploiting P2P interconnections among Grid hosts. A mechanism inspired by real ants’ pheromone is used by each agent to autonomously drive its behavior on the basis of its interaction with the environment. “Swarm Intelligence” emerges from the activity of a high number of ants. The ARMAP protocol enables the use of a semi-informed search algorithm which can drive query messages towards a cluster of peers having information about resources belonging to the requested class. A simulation analysis has been performed to evaluate the performance of ARMAP.     

基于RESTFUL的学术资源发布平台

利用具有表述性状态转移（REsT）的Web服务，设计一种面向资源的学术讲座信息服务。将学术讲座标准信息作为服务接口，采用REST技术，以资源形式对外公开，从而实现信息共享和功能互操作。     

基于P2P和网格技术的E-Learning系统的研究与实现

针对当前E-Learning系统在动态知识交流和规模化问题上的不足，本文提出了一个基于P2P和网格技术的E-Learning系统APPLE。该系统给用户提供了一个低成本高效率的E-Learning教学环境。APPLE利用P2P转发技术提供低成本的实时广播来共享实时课堂，通过WSRF．NET来创建虚拟教室服务，并对网络上的学习资源进行整合，提供给用户一个全局的资源视图。     

DynaGrid: An Adaptive, Scalable, and Reliable Resource Provisioning Framework for WSRF-Compliant Applications

The Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF) is a set of specifications which define a generic and open framework for modeling and accessing stateful resources using Web services. This paper proposes DynaGrid, a new framework for WSRF-compliant applications. Many new components, such as ServiceDoor, Dynamic Service Launcher, ClientProxy, and PartitionManager, have been introduced to offer adaptive, scalable, and reliable resource provisioning. All of these components are implemented as standard WSRF-compliant Web services, hence DynaGrid is complementary to the existing GT4. Our experimental evaluation shows that DynaGrid effectively utilizes Grid resources by allocating only the required number of resources adaptively according to the amount of incoming requests, providing both the scalability and the reliability at the same time.     

基于WSRF的FPGA远程实验服务

介绍WSRF规范,结合FPGA实验特点和WSRF协议中状态管理,设计基于WSRF的远程实验架构。使用WSRF.NET设计与实现FPGA实验资源服务,通过实验验证了服务的正确性。实验结果表明,使用WSRF规范设计FPGA实验资源服务能解决实验的中间状态问题,实现实验时间、空间的开放。     

Look, Ma, My homepage is Mobile!

Much of the ongoing research in ubiquitous computing has concentrated on providing context information, e.g. location information, to the level of services and applications. Typically, mobile clients obtain location information from their environment which is used to provide “locally optimal” services. In contrast, it may be of interest to obtain information about the current context a mobile user or device is in, from a client somewhere on the Web, i.e. to use the mobile device as an information provider for Internet clients. As an instance of such services we propose the metaphor of a “location-aware” Web homepage of mobile users providing information about, e.g. the current location a mobile user is at. Requesting this homepage can be as easy as typing a URL containing the mobile user's phone number such ashttp://mhp.net/+49123456789 in an off-the-shelf browser. The homepage is dynamically constructed as Web users access it and it can be configured in various ways that are controlled by the mobile user. We present the architecture and implementation and discuss issues around this example of “inverse” ubiquitous computing.     

Service oriented architectures: approaches,technologies and research issues

Service-oriented architectures (SOA) is an emerging approach that addresses the requirements of loosely coupled, standards-based, and protocol- independent distributed computing. Typically business operations running in an SOA comprise a number of invocations of these different components, often in an event-driven or asynchronous fashion that reflects the underlying business process needs. To build an SOA a highly distributable communications and integration backbone is required. This functionality is provided by the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) that is an integration platform that utilizes Web services standards to support a wide variety of communications patterns over multiple transport protocols and deliver value-added capabilities for SOA applications. This paper reviews technologies and approaches that unify the principles and concepts of SOA with those of event-based programing. The paper also focuses on the ESB and describes a range of functions that are designed to offer a manageable, standards-based SOA backbone that extends middleware functionality throughout by connecting heterogeneous components and systems and offers integration services. Finally, the paper proposes an approach to extend the conventional SOA to cater for essential ESB requirements that include capabilities such as service orchestration, “intelligent” routing, provisioning, integrity and security of message as well as service management. The layers in this extended SOA, in short xSOA, are used to classify research issues and current research activities.     

基于服务等级的网格服务质量描述语言

针对网格服务质量管理中使用服务水平协议(SLA)带来较大协商开销的问题,提出基于服务等级的网格服务质量描述语言即网格服务等级语言(CGSL)及建立在CGSL之上的网格服务质量管理框架.服务等级是轻量级SLA,提供一种区分不同服务质量的机制.CGSL基于XML技术和WSRF规范,与Web服务描述语言(WSDL)兼容,用于描述网格服务提供方所能提供的不同服务等级,为监控服务质量提供具体信息.网格服务质量管理框架建立在CGSL之上,并通过Mobile Agent监控服务质量是否得到满足.一个具体的文件存储网格服务实例用来展示CGSL在网格服务质量管理中的应用.该实例表明CGSL以少量的服务等级代替复杂的SLA,能有效降低运行时消耗,适合异构多变的网格环境.     

Standards-Based Job Management in Grid Systems

The Grid paradigm for accessing heterogeneous distributed resources proved to be extremely effective, as many organizations are relying on Grid middlewares for their computational needs. Many different middlewares exist, the result being a proliferation of self-contained, non interoperable “Grid islands”. This means that different Grids, based on different middlewares, cannot share resources, e.g. jobs submitted on one Grid cannot be forwarded for execution on another one. To address this problem, standard interfaces are being proposed for some of the important functionalities provided by most Grids, namely job submission and management, authorization and authentication, resource modeling, and others. In this paper we review some recent standards which address interoperability for three types of services: the BES/JSDL specifications for job submission and management, the SAML notation for authorization and authentication, and the GLUE specification for resource modeling. We describe how standards-enhanced Grid components can be used to create interoperable building blocks for a Grid architecture. Furthermore, we describe how existing components from the gLite middleware have been re-engineered to support BES/JSDL, GLUE and SAML. From this experience we draw some conclusions on the strengths and weaknesses of these specifications, and how they can be improved.     

Data Management in the APPA System

Combining Grid and P2P technologies can be exploited to provide high-level data sharing in large-scale distributed environments. However, this combination must deal with two hard problems: the scale of the network and the dynamic behavior of the nodes. In this paper, we present our solution in APPA (Atlas Peer-to-Peer Architecture), a data management system with high-level services for building large-scale distributed applications. We focus on data availability and data discovery which are two main requirements for implementing large-scale Grids. We have validated APPA’s services through a combination of experimentation over Grid5000, which is a very large Grid experimental platform, and simulation using SimJava. The results show very good performance in terms of communication cost and response time. Work partially funded by ARA “Massive Data” of the French ministry of research and the European Strep Grid4All project.     

Grid Data Management: Open Problems and New Issues

Initially developed for the scientific community, Grid computing is now gaining much interest in important areas such as enterprise information systems. This makes data management critical since the techniques must scale up while addressing the autonomy, dynamicity and heterogeneity of the data sources. In this paper, we discuss the main open problems and new issues related to Grid data management. We first recall the main principles behind data management in distributed systems and the basic techniques. Then we make precise the requirements for Grid data management. Finally, we introduce the main techniques needed to address these requirements. This implies revisiting distributed database techniques in major ways, in particular, using P2P techniques. Work partially funded by ARA “Massive Data” of the French ministry of research (project Respire), the European Strep Grid4All project, the CAPES–COFECUB Daad project and the CNPq–INRIA Gridata project.     

开放网格服务体系结构OGSA及其仿真应用

该文对目前网格最新的体系结构一开放网格服务体系结构OGSA进行了介绍，该体系结构基于Web Selwices框架提出了一种网格服务结构的思想。OGSA的服务功能主要包括动态服务创建、服务发现、生命周期管理、注册和通知等。分布式仿真系统与网格有许多相似之处，同时基于HLA标准建立的分布仿真系统又存在着很多有待完善之处，所以提出将网格技术结合到仿真系统的设计中，建立基于网格的分布式仿真系统。基于OGSA的结构特点，这种新的仿真系统以建立标准的仿真服务为中心，同时实现了对仿真资源的动态分配和调度，增强了系统的可重用性和灵活性。     

基于WEB SERVICE的网格资源架构WSRF

本文介绍了网格技术的最新发展,网格资源架构技术WSRF.WSRF是开放式网格服务基础框架OGSI的进化和重构,是Web Service和网格的深度融合.文章在简要介绍了网格技术和Web Service技术之后,介绍了WSRF的规范以及WSRF是如何对物理资源构造的.