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1.
非金属矿物在环境保护中的应用研究进展   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
非金属矿物具有良好的吸附,过滤,离子交换等物理化学性能,在环境保护中广泛应用,本文综述了膨润土,沸石,凹凸棒石,海泡石等在污水处理,有毒有害气体吸附,过滤脱色等方面的应用研究进展。  相似文献   

2.
《铀矿冶》2018,(4)
介绍了内蒙古某铀矿2种固定床离子交换吸附塔的过滤装置结构。从布液方式对比2种吸附塔的吸附、饱和树脂反冲洗、淋洗等工艺运行效果,对比分析了采用2种不同过滤装置结构的吸附塔的优缺点,并提出优化改进措施,可为铀矿大基地建设中吸附塔的设计提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

3.
不同的烧结粉矿在细磨后过滤性能差异明显,且多数烧结粉矿在细磨后表现出较难过滤的特点。为研究不同细磨烧结粉矿过滤性能的影响因素,将罗伊山粉、巴烧粉、安哥拉粉、肯尼亚粉、毛塔粉5种不 同烧结粉矿细磨至-0.074 mm占86.60%,在矿浆浓度60%,压力0.06 MPa、过滤时间180 s的条件下进行过滤试验,从矿粉表面形貌、比表面积、表面吸附水分等矿粉表面性质角度研究其与过滤性能的关系。结果表明: 5种烧结粉矿在细磨后,表面较粗糙、粘附细颗粒较多的矿粉滤饼水分较高,过滤速率较低;滤饼水分较高、过滤速率较低的矿粉比表面积值也较高,相应表面粗糙度也大;矿粉表面吸附最大分子结合水和过滤无法脱 除毛细水决定了滤饼的含水量,滤饼水分高的矿粉表面结合水吸附能力和颗粒间毛细作用更强。因此,改善矿粉的表面性质,可以作为一种提高细磨烧结粉矿的过滤性能的途径。  相似文献   

4.
不同的烧结粉矿在细磨后过滤性能差异明显,且多数烧结粉矿在细磨后表现出较难过滤的特点。为研究不同细磨烧结粉矿过滤性能的影响因素,将罗伊山粉、巴烧粉、安哥拉粉、肯尼亚粉、毛塔粉5种不 同烧结粉矿细磨至-0.074 mm占86.60%,在矿浆浓度60%,压力0.06 MPa、过滤时间180 s的条件下进行过滤试验,从矿粉表面形貌、比表面积、表面吸附水分等矿粉表面性质角度研究其与过滤性能的关系。结果表明: 5种烧结粉矿在细磨后,表面较粗糙、粘附细颗粒较多的矿粉滤饼水分较高,过滤速率较低;滤饼水分较高、过滤速率较低的矿粉比表面积值也较高,相应表面粗糙度也大;矿粉表面吸附最大分子结合水和过滤无法脱 除毛细水决定了滤饼的含水量,滤饼水分高的矿粉表面结合水吸附能力和颗粒间毛细作用更强。因此,改善矿粉的表面性质,可以作为一种提高细磨烧结粉矿的过滤性能的途径。  相似文献   

5.
介绍了内蒙古某铀矿床的"分散吸附、集中淋洗"工艺。通过对机械过滤、调节浸出液pH、吸附和树脂转运等工艺过程的参数分析,以及现场试验结果,证实了"分散吸附、集中淋洗"工艺可满足条件试验对浸出液处理的需求,具有一定的经济性和合理性,可为其他类似矿山开发提供借鉴经验。  相似文献   

6.
以针叶植物纤维和矿物纤维为原料,采用液态沉积工艺,制备了复合多孔过滤片材料。研究了合成工艺条件对矿物复合吸附过滤材料物化性能及对真实大气中PM2.5过滤性能的影响。当纤维质量比为4∶1、单位面积质量100 g/m2、厚度为400μm、紧度为0.27 g/cm3、透气量为220 L/(m2·s )时,样品可将大气中PM2.5含量由269μg/m3(六级重度污染),一次吸附过滤后降至26.6μg/m3(一级优),去除率为90.1%。  相似文献   

7.
(1) 膨润土等用于制取脱渣涂料(CN1340575A)用于炼钢转炉及吹氧枪的脱渣涂料是由固体料和液体料混合而成,固体料的主要组分为膨润土、珍珠岩砂和石墨组成,分别占30%~50%、45%~69%和0.5%~6%。液体料则为水玻璃及水,分别占70%~100%和0%~30%。(2) 硅藻土制取复合微滤膜(CN1333074A)硅藻土加木纤维、棉纤维及特种吸附材料制成。硅藻土粒度为3~15μm,特种吸附材料粒度<200目。硅藻土复合微滤膜是一种具有独特选择性吸附功能的过滤材料,它主要用于生物工程、血液制品、制药、饮料、酒业、环保等领域的澄清与除菌过滤。(3) 从花岗岩…  相似文献   

8.
Khav.  NN 《国外金属矿选矿》1989,26(12):16-20
本文讨论了苏联研制的以自松散纤维滤层粘附过滤低浓度悬浮液及废液的方法,阐述了此方法的理论规律及实际应用。指出了加重的新型纤维材料能获得高的过滤速度,同时可以保持吸附能力和过滤循环时间分别超过粒状过滤器(granular filter)5~7倍及3~4倍,在滤层上的压头损失十分小,实际上,在整个过滤期间保持不变。  相似文献   

9.
介绍了含有重金属废水处理时使用螯合剂树脂吸附法的目前状况、处理流程及发展前景。日本目前产螯合剂树脂30余种,其他国家有10余种。它的使用分两大类,一为对水银有强选择吸附力的,另一类则对重金属成分有强选择吸附能力。后者又分 pH0.5~1.5;1.5~2;2~5;5~8四组。作者例举了实际使用的由螯合剂树脂吸附设备与过滤设备、其他离子交换吸附设备、电解析出设备、凝聚沉淀设备、蒸发浓缩设备等  相似文献   

10.
介绍了美国地浸采铀的历史,SmithRanch铀矿碱法地浸采铀工艺流程及参数,地浸过程中井场、吸附、淋洗、沉淀、过滤与干燥、自动化仪控、辐射防护、安全与环保等技术与设施。  相似文献   

11.
硅藻土的扩容处理及其在复合保温材料中的应用研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
硅藻土除去泥砂杂质后,经酸溶及焙烧扩容处理,比表面积、孔体积增加,孔体积增加,堆密度下降。用硫酸进行处理的合适浓度为40% ̄42%,处理时间为8 ̄10h;焙烧的温度为750℃,时间为2h。扩容后的硅藻土制备复合保温材料,其性能比传统硅藻土保温材料性能有较大提高,扩大了硅藻土保温材料的使用范围。  相似文献   

12.
矿物磨料微粉体的比表面积大小,关系到矿物表面改性及活性,影响着非金属矿产品开发和利用。研究比表面积与诸多因素的关系,提高了矿物磨料微粉体比表面积计算的精确度,通过智能化的计算过程,结合粒度测试仪器酸套使用,为磨料微粉体比表面积的测试提供了新的高精度的测试方法。  相似文献   

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14.
《Minerals Engineering》2002,15(4):263-269
The study extends previous fundamental modelling work on the influence of surface microtopography on enhanced dissolution (mechanical activation) of milled particles. Specifically, it analyses quantitatively the conjoint effects of particle size and the fraction (α) of dissolution sites associated with steps on the overall mass dissolution behaviour of fine particles. The study shows clearly that microtopography-enhanced dissolution is likely to be most evident for leaching processes exhibiting high activation energies of dissolution (∼70 kJmol−1 or higher) and unlikely to be evident in particle sizes larger than a few μm. Experimental determination of representative α-values obtained from scanning electron micrographs of three crushed minerals (sphalerite, ilmenite and chalcopyrite) suggest that the limiting milled particle size for significant microtopography-enhanced dissolution lies within the range from ∼ 0.2 to ∼0.4μm.  相似文献   

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1.  Thermodynamic calculations show that the interactions of most of the minerals considered in this review with sulfuric acid, should result in a significant heat release, which in the first instance is related to the oxidation of the sulfides.
2.  The lower the Me/S ratio in the sulfide, the greater the heat effect from the oxidation of 1 g of sulfide. At the same time, calculations of the equivalent unit show that for certain exceptions (covellite) the value of ΔQ (kcal/g·at·S) is approximately constant at 215±17 kcal.
3.  The main component of the heat effect in the reaction of waste slag with sulfuric acid is determined (from experimental results) by the reaction of the nickel-containing minerals; with refractory copper minerals, primarily by the oxidation of the iron-containing sulfides (faster than pyrrhotite) and partly by the oxidation of the nickel-containing components. Sulfides of copper in this case are virtually undissolved.
4.  On the previous assumptions, the provisional temperature effect of the process, based on the experimental data, can raise the temperature of slag and copper ores up to 100°C and 480°C respectively.
Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 90–97, May–June, 1991.  相似文献   

18.
1.  On heating, the processes of dehydration, decrepitation, polymorphic transitions, etc. in rock and mineral specimens, i.e., transition of their crystal lattices to energetically more profitable states, cause the emission of electromagnetic radiation over a wide range of wavelengths.
2.  In quartz, fluorite, and certain rocks containing these minerals, the decrease in electrical conductivity is due to decrepitation of gas-liquid inclusions. Decrepitation is accompanied by gas emission, fall in temperature, formation of microcracks, charging of cavities due to cleavage, electron emission, light flashes, sound pulses, and also electromagnetic vibration.
3.  In electron irradiation the radiation acts primarily on geochemical inclusions in the minerals; therefore some of the thermoluminescence maxima coincide with the interval of decrepitation with anomalous changes in conductivity. Preliminary electron irradiation stimulates polymorphic transitions. During heating and cooling, the intensity of the electromagnetic pulses from rocks and minerals increase with the absorbed dose.
4.  Further investigations will enable us to elucidate the possibility of using the method of measurement of the electrical conductivity and electromagnetic radiation to determine the temperatures of mineral formation and ore deposition and the degree of metasomatic change in rocks, and to study the physicochemical bases of control of rock breakage and thermal drilling.
  相似文献   

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