Interactive rodent behavior annotation in video using active learning

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Manual annotation of rodent behaviors in video is time-consuming. By learning a classifier, we can automate the labeling process. Still, this strategy requires a...     

Context counts: How learners' contexts influence learning in a MOOC

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) require individual learners to self-regulate their own learning, determining when, how and with what content and activities they engage. However, MOOCs attract a diverse range of learners, from a variety of learning and professional contexts. This study examines how a learner's current role and context influences their ability to self-regulate their learning in a MOOC: Introduction to Data Science offered by Coursera. The study compared the self-reported self-regulated learning behaviour between learners from different contexts and with different roles. Significant differences were identified between learners who were working as data professionals or studying towards a higher education degree and other learners in the MOOC. The study provides an insight into how an individual's context and role may impact their learning behaviour in MOOCs.     

基于情境感知的服务系统

The paper gives an overview of a recently started research project addressing the question: Can context be exploited to add value to IT-services? Beyond today's way-finding services based on GPS and maps, we believe there is a new class of context-aware pervasive services making good use of a broad range of context information (e.g. identity, time of day, temperature, history as well as relative location of friends and belongings). Last but not least we believe one can find ways of adding value to IT-services by using disembodied conversational agents based on voice, sounds and visual signals integrated into the environment, instead of being guided by explicit directions shown on a display. The project aims at giving both new fundamental insight about the theory behind IT-services, their architecture and user interfaces and at building a number of prototypes demonstrating innovative context-aware pervasive IT-services.     

HNC语境框架及其语境歧义消解

词语在交际环境中往往有不同于单独出现时的语义,会造成一定的语境语义歧义。HNC理论从交互引擎的角度来考虑计算机如何处理语境语义歧义现象,形成了不同于其他语义网络的消歧办法。该文基于HNC语境理论的整体思路,阐述了计算机在语境框架下如何进行语境歧义消解,服务于提高自然语言处理的准确率。示例说明了该方法是可行且可实现的。     

基于原背景的补背景概念获取

形式概念分析是知识获取的一种有效工具,已被广泛应用到各个领域。从原背景概念的外延(内涵)出发,首 先利用定义的“+”算子得到其补背景的部分概念,可证明这些概念包含了补背景的所有交不可约元(并不可约元); 其次给出从这些概念得到补背景的所有交不可约元(并不可约元)的判断方法,进而得到补背景的所有交不可约元(并 不可约元);最后利用交不可约元(并不可约元)的性质进一步得到补背景的全部概念。     

Multi-Party Coordination in the Context of MOWS

Separation of concerns has been presented as a promising tool to tackle the design of complex systems in which cross-cutting properties that do not fit into the scope of a class must be satisfied. In this paper, we show that interactions amongst a number of objects can also be described separately from functionality, which enhances reusability of functional code and interaction patterns. We present our proposal in the context of Multi-Qrganisational Web-Based Systems (MOWS) and also present a framework that provides the infrastructure needed to implement multiparty coordination as an independent aspect.     

Intellectual Property in the Context of e-Science

E-science promises to allow globally-distributed collaboration and access to scientific research via computer networks, but e-science development is already encountering difficulty over the intellectual property rights associated with data and networked collaborative activity. The proprietary nature of intellectual property is generally problematic in the practice of science, but such difficulties are likely to be exacerbated in the context of e-science collaboration where the development and use of intellectual resources will likely be distributed among many researchers in a variety of physical locations, often spanning national boundaries. While a potential solution to such problems may reside in the mechanism of "open source" licenses, the organizational structure of scientific research may not map cleanly onto the open source model. Consequently, a firm understanding of not only the technical structure but of the social and communicative structure of e-science will be necessary in order to adapt licensing solutions to the practice of e-science.     

From learning in the limit to stochastic finite learning

Inductive inference can be considered as one of the fundamental paradigms of algorithmic learning theory. We survey results recently obtained and show their impact to potential applications.     

Context in word recognition

Relatively low character error rates can often lead to prohibitive levels of word error rates. This paper examines several techniques for integrating an independent contextual postprocessor (CPP) into a full classification system. Using positional binary n-grams the CPP can correct many errors directly. In those cases where the correction process leads to ambiguity, the CPP can direct additional processing. Experimental results demonstrate that almost all of the derived improvement results from CPP-directed reclassification. This only requires that the CPP have the classifier likelihood fed forward to it. Therefore, a standardized CPP can be built independently of the rest of the classification system. An initial 45% word error rate is reduced to about a 2% word error rate and a 1% reject rate. Presence of a dictionary allows these figures to be reduced even further.     

形式背景的交约简

从拓扑的角度研究形式背景的属性约简问题。对于非决策形式背景,提出基于集合交集的属性约简的新的定义,并得出了交协调集的判定定理,证明了交协调集与概念格协调集是等价的;最后,讨论了带有决策的形式背景的属性约简问题。     

Trusted Computing in Context

The trusted computing technology embodied in the Trusted Platform Module secure-coprocessor from the Trusted Computing Group is a hardware-based root of trust that makes it possible for the system designer--not the computer owner--to regulate which programs can run on a given computer. If system designers are evil, then they can use trusted computing to prevent a competitors' programs from being installed, thus creating or preserving a monopoly. When computer owners are incompetent, though, benevolent system designers can use trusted computing to prevent malware from being installed and run.     

Using Personal Traces in Context Space: Towards Context Trace Technology

Wearables are often described with a focus on providing the user with wearable information access and communication means. The contextual information retrieval aspect is, however, an essential feature of such systems, as in, for example, the Remembrance Agent [1] where manually entered search-terms are used for presenting relevant situational information, or as in different location-based systems [2]. In this position paper we outline a general framework of contextually aware wearable systems, and suggest how such mechanisms, collecting massive traces of the user context, may lead to several other interesting uses in what we will call context trace technology.     

On the Representation of Context

This paper revisits some foundational questions concerning the abstract representation of a discourse context. The context of a conversation is represented by a body of information that is presumed to be shared by the participants in the conversation – the information that the speaker presupposes a point at which a speech act is interpreted. This notion is designed to represent both the information on which context-dependent speech acts depend, and the situation that speech acts are designed to affect, and so to be a representation of context that is appropriate for explaining the interaction of context and the contents expressed in them. After reviewing the motivating ideas and the outlines of the apparatus, the paper responds to a criticism of the framework, and considers the way it can help to clarify some phenomena concerning pronouns with indefinite antecedents.