一步法合成锶离子掺杂羟基磷灰石多孔微球

羟基磷灰石(HA)多孔微球具有优异的生物学性能和流动性,被广泛用作骨填充材料、药物缓释载体等,发展前景十分广阔。掺杂锶后的HA表现出更强的促成骨细胞分化活性且可改善HA的降解性,然而如何高效地得到大尺寸的锶掺杂HA多孔微球是一大挑战。鉴于此,本工作以无水SrCl_2·6H_2O和(NH_4)_2HPO_4的水溶液为原料,尿素为pH调节剂,L-谷氨酸(Glu)为生长调控剂,采用水热均相沉淀法一步合成了锶离子掺杂的羟基磷灰石多孔微球。重点研究了锶离子掺杂量对所得产物的物相和微观形貌的影响,以期为离子掺杂型HA多孔微球的制备提供实验依据。研究表明,当锶掺入量n(Sr)/n(Sr+Ca)=0.01时,水热180℃反应10 h,可以得到形貌较规则均一的锶离子掺杂HA多孔微球。     

聚乳酸-羟基乙酸/改性纳米羟基磷灰石复合多孔支架材料的研制

聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)/改性纳米羟基磷灰石(MHA)复合多孔组织工程支架材料的制备主要包含以下步骤:首先通过室温化学共沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石,然后通过L-丙交酯在二甲苯溶液中聚合接枝纳米羟基磷灰石得到改性的纳米羟基磷灰石;最后通过改进的热致相分离两步初化法制备PLGA/MHA复合多孔支架.X射线衍射仪(XRD)显示纳米羟基磷灰石合成成功,透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果显示其为半径为30～50nm的球形,红外光谱显示聚乳酸成功的接枝到纳米羟基磷灰石表面;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明改进的热致相分离两步初化法制备的PLGA/MHA复合多孔支架的孔径在100～450μm.     

羟基磷灰石微球的制备及生物医学应用

羟基磷灰石微球具有独特的球形结构,形态规则,流动性好,比表面积大,表现出良好的生物相容性和生物活性,在生物医学领域有着广泛的应用.总结了羟基磷灰石微球的不同制备方法,如模板法、水热法、喷雾干燥法、微乳液法、沉淀法等,分析了不同制备方法对羟基磷灰石微球形貌、尺寸、结晶度等的影响,讨论了不同方法下羟基磷灰石微球形成机理.最...     

热处理对纳米羟基磷灰石的相结构和粒度的影响

采用化学沉淀法合成纳米羟基磷灰石粉体,研究了热处理对纳米颗粒的相结构和粒度的影响,用FT-IR、XRD、TEM等对纳米羟基磷灰石粉体进行了表征.结果表明,沉淀法合成的纳米HA粉体含有少量CO32-离子,900℃煅烧后CO32-离子完全脱除.随热处理温度的提高,颗粒的形状由长条或针状变为球形,700℃热处理后可以得到晶化良好、平均直径50～55nm的球形纳米HA颗粒.     

多孔 n2 HA/ PA26复合材料的制备及性能

采用注塑方法制备了多孔纳米磷灰石/聚酰胺26 (n2 HA/ PA26) 复合材料 , 采用 SEM、XRD、IR、 力学性能测试考察了多孔材料的性能。结果发现 : 多孔纳米磷灰石/聚酰胺26复合材料的孔隙分布均匀 , 贯通性良好 , 孔的尺寸约为 100～700μm , 平均孔径约 300～500μm , 大孔壁上有丰富的微孔 ; 所得多孔复合材料的孔隙率可控 , 总孔隙率最高可达 881 6 %; 多孔材料的总孔隙率降低 , 则开孔率随之降低 ; 多孔纳米磷灰石/聚酰胺26 复合材料的抗压强度为 1. 1～15. 6 MPa , 压缩模量为 0. 4～1. 4 GPa ; 在总孔隙率相近的条件下 , 多孔材料的抗压强度随 n2 HA质量分数增加而升高; 发泡剂和发泡过程对组成纳米磷灰石/聚酰胺26复合材料的两组元材料的性质和结构无影响。这种多孔材料可望作为人体非承重部位的植入骨修复体和组织工程支架使用。     

注射成型羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺6多孔支架的微观结构和力学性能

采用注射成型法制备了羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺6(HA/PA6)多孔支架,用SEM、XRD、DSC等手段表征了支架的组成结构和形貌,检测了其力学性能.研究表明,调节羟基磷灰石(HA)含量、偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)用量和预塑量能有效控制支架的力学性能、孔径大小和孔隙率.HA/PA6支架的孔径在100～500μm左右,孔隙率达到甚至超...     

多孔ZnO/羟基磷灰石生物复合材料的制备与性能

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备多孔ZnO/羟基磷灰石（HA）生物复合材料,研究不同纳米ZnO含量对ZnO/HA复合材料微观结构、孔隙特征、力学性能、矿化和降解性能的影响。结果表明:烧结后ZnO/HA复合材料主要由HA相和ZnO相组成;随着ZnO含量提高,多孔ZnO/HA复合材料孔隙率缓慢增大,抗压强度略有减小,弹性模量变化不大;多孔ZnO/HA复合材料的孔隙率>40%,孔径在50～500 μm之间,抗压强度>148 MPa,弹性模量为6.5 GPa左右,能够满足骨修复材料的要求;模拟人工体液中矿化和降解实验表明,多孔ZnO/HA复合材料浸泡7天后表面开始形成大量类骨磷灰石层,且随着ZnO含量增加,磷灰石形成能力明显增强而降解速率加快。      

喷雾干燥制备P(MMA-BA)中空微球及其对苯酚的吸附性能研究

采用种子乳液聚合法合成聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯(P(MMA-BA))乳液,再将乳液进行喷雾干燥制备了壳层由纳米粒子构成且具有中空形貌的单孔高分子微球。研究了微球形成机理,并着重探讨了预聚物用量、硬软单体配比m(MMA)∶m(BA)、交联剂用量对微球形貌、比表面积的影响。结果表明,当条件为乳液浓度2%,进口温度125℃,出口温度50℃,进料量250mL/h,预聚物用量为2%(质量分数),硬软单体比m(MMA)∶m(BA)约为7∶3,交联剂用量为10%～20%(质量分数)时,能够形成形状规整的中空微球,用BET法测得其比表面积约为28.8259m2/g。考察了中空微球对低浓度苯酚溶液的吸附性能,结果表明,微球对苯酚的最大吸附量可达7.8568mg/g;微球用量较少时,单位质量微球吸附的苯酚量较大;微球中硬单体比例越高,所得微球比表面积越大,对苯酚的吸附量越高。     

热致相分离法制备聚甲醛多孔微球

以聚甲醛(POM)为聚合物,六氟异丙醇为溶剂,通过热致相分离法制备POM多孔微球。研究淬火温度、淬火时间和聚合物浓度等因素对形成POM多孔微球形貌的影响。结果表明:淬火温度为15℃和10℃得到直径为4.3~7.2μm不均一、不规整微球。淬火温度降低到5℃和0℃,得到直径为6.3~11.0μm规整均一微球。随着淬火时间延长,微球越均一规整。低浓度(质量含量2%)有利于形成叶片状,而高浓度(质量含量4%~5%)主要形成多孔微球。POM多孔微球比表面积和孔隙率分别为6.7m2/g和95.9%。     

凝胶注模成型法制备多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷

采用凝胶注模成型工艺制备了多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷,并通过X射线分析了多孔陶瓷的相成分,采用扫描电镜观测了孔隙结构和形貌.结果表明,所制备的多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷的孔隙率均大于80%;孔隙尺寸主要分布在350～600μm,孔壁上存在孔径为60～190μm的贯通孔;X射线衍射证明烧结过程未引入异质成分.所制备的多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷具有适宜的孔隙直径和孔隙率,且孔隙间具有良好的贯通性.     

Fabrication and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite microspheres by spray-drying method

In the present paper, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres were fabricated using gelatin as a pore-forming agent by spray-drying method. The mean particle size of the microspheres is about 7 ?m and the surface area is about 53.4 m²/g. The experimental results showed that the porosity of the prepared microspheres is higher and the pores are more interconnected compared with the microspheres obtained without any additives.     

多孔羟基磷灰石微球的药物缓释性能

用锂钙硼（LCB）玻璃在磷酸盐溶液中的原位转化反应制备多孔羟基磷灰石（HA）微球,表征微球的物相组成、孔结构和形貌,以溶菌酶为药物模型研究了药物的缓释性能。结果表明,所制备的HA微球具有较好的孔结构。当溶菌酶溶液的浓度较低时,HA微球将溶菌酶吸附在微球的外表面;当浓度较高时,更多的溶菌酶扩散进入HA微球的微孔中,使缓释...     

BCP ceramic microspheres as drug delivery carriers: synthesis,characterisation and doxycycline release

Resorbable ceramics such as biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) are ideal candidates as drug delivery systems. The BCP ceramic is based on the optimum balance of the most stable hydroxyapatite (HA) phase and more soluble tricalcium phosphate phase (TCP). Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the local treatment of periodontitis. The development of BCP microspheres and its release kinetics with doxycycline have been studied. The BCP ceramic powder were prepared by microwave processing and characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods. The BCP microspheres were formed by liquid immiscibility effect using gelatin and paraffin oil. Difference in the morphology of the microspheres as a function of gelatin content has been observed. Scanning electron microscope indicated spherical and porous morphology of the microspheres. Drug incorporation was studied at varying pH and the pH 7 was found to be optimal for drug loading. Release pattern tend to depend on the morphology of BCP microspheres. An optimum release of 80% drug has been observed for BCP microsphere with HA:TCP = 65:35 ratio. The surface area measurement results also correlate with drug release obtained.     

Fabrication and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite microspheres by spray-drying method

In the present paper, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres were fabricated using gelatin as a pore-forming agent by spray-drying method. The mean particle size of the microspheres is about 7 μm and the surface area is about 53.4 m²/g. The experimental results showed that the porosity of the prepared microspheres is higher and the pores are more interconnected compared with the microspheres obtained without any additives.     

Preparation and photocatalytic property of porous CuO hollow microspheres via carbon sphere templates

Porous copper oxide (CuO) hollow microspheres have been successfully fabricated by using carbon spheres as templates. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influences of different experimental parameters on the morphology of CuO structures have been investigated in detail and the possible formation mechanism of porous CuO hollow microspheres has also been proposed. The specific surface area of the hollow spheres with 74.805 m2/g is measured by BET method. Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) calculations for the pore size distribution, derived from desorption data, reveal that the average pore radius is 8.56 nm, and the total pore volume (r = 1686.1 A, P/P0 = 0.994296) is 0.107257 cc/g. UV-vis absorption spectrum shows quantum size effect of porous CuO hollow microspheres. Furthermore, the porous CuO hollow microspheres exhibit high efficiency for photodegradation of a sample organic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), under UV light.     

沉积温度对多孔钛表面仿生制备羟基磷灰石的影响

为研究沉积温度对羟基磷灰石涂层生长的影响,制备了不同温度条件下成分恒定的仿生沉积液,并采用纯钛和不同孔径的多孔钛做基体,在其表面仿生沉积羟基磷灰石涂层,再将得到的涂层试样浸泡在标准模拟体液中检测其生物活性.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析涂层物相结构,用金相显微镜、环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)表征涂层形貌,利用能谱分析仪(EDS)计算钙磷比.研究表明:基体孔径增大,有利于沉积液进入到孔隙且表面粗糙度相对增大,从而使得HA涂层变得均匀致密;沉积温度由30℃升高至37℃,会加快HA涂层致密均匀的生长,但温度升高到44℃时,HA晶粒变粗大,涂层变得疏松化;模拟体液浸泡后,Ti/HA涂层试样表面有新的HA生成,且Ca/P比接近标准的1.67,表明该Ti/HA涂层试样具有良好的生物活性.适当增大钛基体孔径,提高沉积液温度,可以得到均匀致密的HA生物活性涂层.     

多孔C/Fe纳米复合材料的制备及表征

以商业活性炭为原料,采用真空浸渍法结合高温真空热处理工艺,制备出多孔C/Fe纳米复合材料.实验采用氮气吸附法测量了C/Fe纳米复合材料的比表面积和孔径分布,并利用XRD和TEM表征了其结构和形貌.实验结果显示:C/Fe纳米复合材料的比表面积为450～650m2/g,并保留了活性炭介孔尺度的多孔结构特性.C/Fe纳米复合材料由非晶碳、碳纳米带以及铁纳米粒子构成,纳米铁颗粒均匀分布在非晶碳基体中,石墨化的碳纳米带包裹纳米铁颗粒并向外伸展相互连接,形成碳纳米网络结构.并就反应过程以及过渡金属对非晶碳石墨化的催化机理进行了探讨.     

High-purity nano silica powder from rice husk using a simple chemical method

A highly pure, small particle-sized and high surface area nano silica powder was prepared from rice husk using alkali extraction, followed by an acid precipitation method. The composition, phase, morphology, size and surface area of the as-synthesised nano silica powder was investigated by energy-dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, particle size analyser and BET surface area analyser. High-purity nano silica powder was obtained by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) purification treatment (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5?N). The high purity of silica (～99.9%) was obtained at 2.5?N NaOH treatment. The pure nano silica powder that is obtained shows an average particle size of ～25?nm with a high-specific surface area (SSA) of 274?m²?g^?1, with an average pore diameter of 1.46?nm.     

液相聚合相分离技术制备孔径可控的多孔碳的研究

采用液相聚合相分离技术制备了多孔碳,并用压汞仪、BET比表面仪及扫描电镜对多孔碳性能进行表征.研究了制备工艺(热聚合制度和醇的种类)对多孔碳性能的影响.结果表明:热解后的多孔碳为无定形的碳,随着热聚合温度的升高,多孔碳粒子减小,平均孔径也减小,孔隙率增加,当采用40℃(3h)→100℃(24h)热聚合制度时,多孔碳的平均孔径为1.75μm,孔隙率为51.86％;选用不同的醇得到平均孔径在20.00-0.01μm之间变化,BET比表面积为350-400m2·g^-1及孔径分布非常窄的多孔碳.     

高比表面积PAN-ACF的吸附与孔结构解析

以KOH为活化剂制备了比表面积大于2000m^2/g的高比表面积PAN基活性炭毡（ACF）,以液氦为吸附介质在77．4K测试PAN－ACF吸附等温线,并对其孔结构进行了表征。采用BET法计算比表面积,t-plot法,Horvath-Kawazoe,Dubinin-Radushkevich方程以及密度函数理论（DFT0表征孔结构。研究表明即使比表面积超过3000m^2/g时,PAN－ACF的孔分布仍然很窄,并且含有大量的分子筛型孔,以金子克美等人提出多段吸附机理为依据,采用DR方程对PAN－ACF三段吸附过程所对应的E^0,x进行了计算。结果认为低压段的负偏离在一定程度上是由于吸附较强的微孔与表面官能团共同作用的结果,并非完全由于活化扩散引起,以上分析方法的表征结果具有较好的一致性,为PAN－ACF的吸附性能与孔结构提供了准确的信息。