共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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提出了一种采用了四对差分管来实现跨导恒定的Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器输入级的方法.用两对互补的差分对作为输入级,另两对互补差分对动态地控制输入级工作电流,以实现Rail-to-Rail恒定跨导.通过在电路中加入补偿电流来提高四对差分管工作的协调性.基于TSMC 0.18 μm COMS的工艺,应用Hspice在不同电压、温度环境下进行了电路的仿真验证,结果表明所设计的电路在各种条件下都有较好的性能,其在共模范围内跨导最大偏差小于2%.本文还分析了MOS管二阶效应对电路产生的影响. 相似文献
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设计了一种新型的低电压低功耗且跨导恒定的Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器,输入级采用改进的最大电流选择电路结构,输出级采用推挽输出结构,其输入输出摆幅均为Rail-to-Rail,工作电压为±1.5V.整个电路采用BSM30.5μm CMOS工艺模型参数进行了HSPICE仿真,静态功耗仅为0.5mW,当电路驱动20pF的电容负载时,电路的直流增益达到78dB,单位增益带宽达到470MHz,相位裕度为59°. 相似文献
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轨到轨输入输出范围运算放大器的噪声分析和优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
这篇文章设计了一个轨到轨(Rail-to-Rail)输入输出范围的低噪声运算放大器,在输入级采用电流补偿的方法来稳定该运算放大器在整个输入共模范围内的跨导,在输出级使用了AB类的输出方法来提高运算放大器的输出范围,且详细分析了该运算放大器的噪声性能,在此基础上给出了改善该运算放大器噪声性能的方法,以此来提高该运算放大器的动态范围。 相似文献
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基于国内某CMOS工艺设计了一种单一PMOS差分对的轨到轨输入、恒跨导CMOS运算放大器。输入级电路采用折叠共源共栅结构,通过体效应动态调节输入管的阈值电压扩展共模输入范围到正负电源轨,恒定共模输入范围内的跨导,自级联电流镜有源负载将差分输入转换为单端输出;输出级电路采用AB类结构实现轨到轨输出,线性跨导环确定输出管的静态偏置电流。在5 V电源电压,2.5 V共模电压,1 MΩ负载条件下,经Spectre仿真验证,该运算放大器开环增益为119 dB,相位裕度为58°,共模输入范围为0.0027~4.995 V,共模范围内跨导变化小于3%,实现了轨到轨输入共模范围内的跨导恒定。 相似文献
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为了提高运算放大器对电源电压的利用率,基于GSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺模型,设计了一种高增益恒跨导轨对轨CMOS运算放大器。该运算放大器的输入级采用了互补差分对,并通过3倍电流镜法保证输入级总跨导在整个共模输入范围内恒定;为了获得较大的增益和输出摆幅,中间级采用了折叠式共源共栅结构;输出级采用了AB类输出控制电路,使输出摆幅基本实现了轨对轨。在3.3 V供电电压以及1.6 V输入电压下,该放大器的直流增益为126 dB,单位增益带宽为50 MHz,相位裕度为65°。电路结构简单,易于调试,可大大缩减设计周期和成本。 相似文献
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Michael Reilly 《半导体技术》2004,29(12)
DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system. 相似文献
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Thomas M.Trexler 《半导体技术》2004,29(5)
From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test. 相似文献
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The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. 相似文献
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The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high. 相似文献
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Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible. 相似文献
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Qi-jiang Ran Pei-de Han Yu-jun Quan Li-peng Gao Fan-ping Zeng Chun-hua Zhao 《光电子快报》2008,4(4):239-242
This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel's. 相似文献
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Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers
A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it. 相似文献
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It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory. 相似文献
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A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working. 相似文献
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《中国通信》2014,(7)
正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks 相似文献