双波长法测定山药中直链和支链淀粉含量

使用双波长分光光度法测定不同品种山药中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量,根据双波长法的测定原理,确定山药直链及支链淀粉的测定波长和参比波长,直链淀粉分别为624 nm和410 nm,支链淀粉分别为538 nm和758 nm。试验结果表明,该测定方法标准曲线良好。直链淀粉在0~50μg/mL质量浓度范围内其碘复合物与吸光度呈线性关系(R~2=0.999 7),支链淀粉在0~250μg/mL质量浓度范围内其碘复合物与吸光度呈线性关系(R~2=0.998 4)。山药中直链淀粉含量为0.026 mg/mL,回收率在96.72%~98.73%之间;支链淀粉的含量为0.072 mg/mL,回收率在95.74%~97.87%之间,RSD均小于1.5%。     

四种测定直链淀粉和支链淀粉方法的比较

对常用的直链和支链淀粉的四种测定方法进行比较分析,筛选出更适宜的方法。对单标单波长法(方法1)、单标双波长法(方法2)、双标单波长法(方法3)、双标双波长法(方法4)进行验证、精密度、回收率及样品测定试验。结果表明,根据直、支链淀粉-碘复合物吸收光谱分别确定测量波长(638、536 nm)及参比波长(430、768 nm)建立四种方法,得到回归方程,其在各浓度范围内符合比尔定律。直链淀粉中方法2、3、4较精确,方法4的相对标准偏差0.29%,回收率103.25%~103.48%;支链淀粉中方法2、3较精确,方法3的相对标准偏差最小(1.54%),回收率94.52%~94.85%。由此选择混合标准溶液,直链淀粉测定波长638、430 nm,支链淀粉测定波长536 nm,依据回归方程可求出直、支链淀粉及总含量。     

双波长法测定南瓜中直链与支链淀粉含量

为建立同时测定南瓜中直链和支链淀粉的双波长比色法。本文采用正丁醇结晶法分离纯化南瓜中直链和支链淀粉并测定其含量。结果表明,分离纯化得到的直链和支链淀粉蓝值分别为0.874和0.196;根据双波长原理和扫描谱图,确定其测定波长为645、565 nm,参比波长为495、730 nm处测定南瓜中直链与支链淀粉含量;南瓜样品中直链淀粉占21.64%,支链淀粉占50.19%,总淀粉含量为71.83%,相对标准偏差分别为0.97%和1.06%,平均回收率分别为98.62%和99.42%,检出限分别为0.0116和0.0644 mg/mL。正丁醇结晶法能有效地分离南瓜直链与支链淀粉,双波长法可同时获得南瓜中3个淀粉含量指标,该方法既节省了样品,又提高了效率。同时,该方法的建立也为南瓜淀粉理化特性的研究提供了技术支持。     

双波长法测定冰温贮藏西洋参中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量

建立同时测定冰温贮藏西洋参中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的双波长法。根据双波长原理和扫描谱图,确定直链淀粉和支链淀粉的测定波长分别为630、520 nm,参比波长分别为423、771 nm,直链淀粉和支链淀粉标准曲线的回归方程分别为y=23.046x+0.0062、y=2.5021x-0.0017,其决定系数R2分别为0.998、0.997,通过方法学验证实验,测定直链淀粉和支链淀粉稳定性的RSD值分别为1.95%、1.85%,精密度的RSD值分别为0.89%、0.42%,准确性的RSD值分别为0.82%、0.62%,平均回收率分别为100.22%、100.19%,因而该方法具有简便、快速、准确等特点;冰温贮藏不同月份西洋参中直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量随着贮藏月份的增加呈现小幅下降的趋势。     

荧光光谱法测定淀粉中的直链淀粉

为了建立一种荧光光谱法测定淀粉中直链淀粉含量的方法,采用荧光光谱法测定了直链淀粉的激发光谱和发射光谱以及直链淀粉与支链淀粉的浓度比对荧光强度的影响。结果表明:直链淀粉的激发波长为370 nm、发射波长为422 nm;在0.10~0.70 μg/mL浓度范围内,直链淀粉荧光强度与其浓度呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9996,检出限为0.026 μg/mL。用该方法测定玉米淀粉和土豆淀粉中直链淀粉的含量,加标回收率为94.5%~121.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.42%~3.24%。该方法不需加任何生化试剂,不受时间、温度、共存支链淀粉的影响,快速简便,绿色环保,检出限低,结果准确。     

锥栗中直链和支链淀粉含量同时检测方法研究

用碘作显色剂,以双波长法检测锥栗果仁中支链、直链淀粉含量。对显色反应和光度测定的最佳条件进行考察。按照碘-直链淀粉复合物、碘-支链淀粉复合物各自的吸收光谱,直链淀粉的检测波长定为597nm与460nm,支链淀粉的检测波长定为534nm与706nm。代入回归方程可算出支链、直链淀粉含量。该方法得到的支链、直链淀粉的回收率在97%与102%的范围内窄幅波动,准确度较高。     

单波长比色法测定甘薯直链淀粉含量

对单波长比色法测定甘薯直链淀粉含量的条件进行了优化和分析,并对部分甘薯资源进行了测定。结果表明:与马铃薯和玉米相比,甘薯直、支链淀粉-碘复合物吸收曲线存在一定的差异;在620 nm波长下,单波长比色法用于甘薯直链淀粉含量鉴定和评价的准确性和精密度较高;测定的35份甘薯资源直链淀粉质量分数的变幅为10.35%~20.72%,平均16.67%。这些结论可为探索更加准确、简便、快捷地测定甘薯直链淀粉含量的方法和甘薯淀粉品质改良提供参考。     

双波长法测定籼米中直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量

建立了双波长法测定籼米中直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量的方法.按照双波长测定的等吸收点波长法确定两种淀粉的测定波长和参比波长,直链淀粉的分别为596 nm和449 nm,支链淀粉的分别为533 nm和705 nm.直链淀粉浓度在20～60 mg/L线性良好,R=0.999 8;支链淀粉浓度在100～200 mg/L线性良好,R=0.999 7.籼米中直链淀粉和支链淀粉质量分数分别为24.2％和50.5％.     

青稞酒发酵过程中残余淀粉的分析研究

青稞酒历史源远流长,有4000年的酿造史,以青稞为原料,大曲为发酵剂,经传统工艺"清蒸清烧四次清"发酵酿造而成,由于青稞支链淀粉高于直链淀粉,支链淀粉不易断裂,导致残余淀粉含量较高,通过双波长比色法分析直链淀粉的测定波长和参比波长分别为560nm和506nm,支链淀粉的测定波长和参比波长分别为545nm和722nm.残...     

双波长比色法测定马铃薯直链/支链淀粉含量

将新鲜马铃薯中的淀粉提出后,采用双波长比色法测定了直链/支链淀粉含量。淀粉经I2-KI溶液染色,直链淀粉呈蓝色,支链淀粉呈紫色。535和570 nm用于直链淀粉含量测定,555和760 nm用于支链淀粉含量测定。结果表明,样品溶解是检测的关键,淀粉与碘试剂的反应时间会对测定结果造成一定影响。同时通过本方法的检测,新大坪品种马铃薯的直链淀粉含量为21.20%,支链淀粉含量为78.80%。     

双波长法测定薯芋类农产品中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量

目的:建立薯芋类农产品中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的双波长测定法,为品种选育、品质分级、加工应用和标准制定等提供基础数据。方法:研究了直链淀粉和支链淀粉的吸收光谱图,确定二者的最大吸收波长及参比波长。优化了分散剂、乙酸加入量等显色条件及测定条件。结果:直链淀粉标准曲线方程为:y=0.0259x?0.0051,R2=0.9994,线性范围0~33 μg/mL;支链淀粉标准曲线方程为:y=0.0031x+0.0167,R2=0.9965,线性范围0~111 μg/mL。直链淀粉的检出限为0.093 μg/mL,定量限0.28 μg/mL;支链淀粉的检出限为0.079 μg/mL,定量限0.24 μg/mL,直链淀粉回收率为90.0%~100.0%;支链淀粉回收率为88.0%~108.0%。结论:双波长法简单易行,结果准确可靠,适用于薯芋类农产品中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的分析检测。     

Orthogonal-function spectrophotometry for the measurement of amylose and amylopectin contents

In this study, orthogonal-function spectrophotometry (OFS) was used for the first time in the determination of amylose and amylopectin contents. A six-point quadratic orthogonal polynomial (QOP) was chosen for amylose determination at an interval of 8 nm, and an inter-wavelength of 596 nm. For amylopectin determination, a ten-point QOP was selected with an interval of 22 nm and an inter-wavelength of 538 nm. OFS was more precise, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.4–0.7 for both amylose and amylopectin content analyses. Dual-wavelength colorimetry (DWC) showed a SD of 1.3–2.5 and 3.8–4.6 for amylose and amylopectin content analyses, respectively. OFS has an acceptable recovery ratio and hence has an advantage over DWC in determining amylose and amylopectin concentration in solution without prior separation. OFS is an alternative method for the analysis of amylose and amylopectin content.     

A novel triple‐wavelength colorimetric method for measuring amylose and amylopectin contents

A novel triple‐wavelength colorimetry based on the principle of iodine binding was developed to determine amylose and amylopectin contents. Detection wavelengths of different starch material were different for each method. Comparative trials were carried out by both single‐ and dual‐wavelength colorimetry. We found that single‐wavelength colorimetry could only be used to evaluate amylose content. Correlation coefficient of standard curves for amylopectin content determination was improved by increase of detection wavelength numbers. The precision and recovery coefficient was also improved by triple‐wavelength colorimetry compared to single‐ and dual‐wavelength colorimetry. Percent amylose of cassava, potato, and high‐amylose maize determined by triple‐wavelength were 19.3, 21.8, and 42.3%, respectively, and percent amylopectin were 78.9, 76.9, and 54.5%, respectively. This developed triple‐wavelength colorimetry could provide accurate data for evaluating amylose content and have potential for amylopectin content detection.     

Fine Structure of Mung Bean Starch: An Improved Method of Fractionation

Laboratory isolated mung bean starch was fractionated into its amylose and amylopectin components using a modified procedure. The resulting products were shown to be both homogeneous and more susceptible to the hydrolyzing enzymes commonly used for structural analysis. The fine structure of the fractions was investigated using hydrolytic enzymes, chemical analysis and gel filtration chromatography. Differences in amylose/amylopectin fractions isolated by the modified and conventional extraction procedures were apparent. The unit chain length of amylopectin, DP_n and limiting viscosity number of amylose were all lower for samples isolated by the modified method. In contrast the enzymatic hydrolysis of both the amylose and amylopectin fractions was improved for the material extracted by the modified method, low levels of branching and a unit chain distribution by gel filtration chromatography of the two overlapping populations with average degree of polymerization of 42 and 14 was obtained.     

芭蕉芋直链和支链淀粉纯品的提取及其光谱分析

分离提纯芭蕉芋淀粉中的直、支链淀粉,表征其纯度,建立快速测定芭蕉芋淀粉中直链淀粉含量的双波长法。正丁醇结晶法分离纯化直、支链淀粉;光吸收特性分析法表征直、支链淀粉纯度;根据双波长法原理,在测定波长617nm,参比波长504nm处测定芭蕉芋淀粉中直链淀粉含量。分离提纯得到的直、支链淀粉最大吸收波长分别为630～645nm和548～554nm,蓝值分别为1.167±0.209和0.122±0.001,均处于相应分布范围,表明提纯后直、支链淀粉的纯度较高;直链淀粉在0～80mg/L浓度范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,r=0.9998。正丁醇结晶法能有效地分离纯化芭蕉芋直、支链淀粉;光吸收特性分析法可有效地表征直、支链淀粉纯度;双波长法操作简便、准确,无需分离即可快速测定芭蕉芋淀粉中直链淀粉含量。     

烤烟中直链-支链淀粉含量测定方法优化

为了建立烤烟中直链-支链淀粉的快速高效测定方法,以云烟85为原料,考察了高氯酸浓度、超声时间、超声功率和液固比4个因素对高氯酸超声提取-碘显色-双波长法测定烤烟中淀粉含量的影响。采用响应面Box-Benhnken实验设计原理及响应面分析方法优化了淀粉提取测定工艺。结果表明,烤烟中淀粉提取测定最佳工艺为：高氯酸质量浓度为49.00%,超声功率为400W,超声时间为8.50min,液固比为27mL/g。在此条件下,加标回收率直链淀粉为104.45%~107.48%,支链淀粉为96.42%~100.51%,相对标准偏差RSD(n=3)<3.5%。说明Box-Behnken 设计结合响应面分析法优化所得的淀粉测定方法具有较好的精密度及准确度,适合于烤烟淀粉含量测定。