Synthesis and luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped CaxBa1?xTiO3 (0.3?x<1) fine particles

Ca _x Ba_1−x TiO₃ (CBT) fine particles doped with red luminescence center of Pr³⁺ ions (Pr: CBT) were successfully synthesized by salt assisted spray pyrolysis (SASP) process. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and laser scattering analysis demonstrate that salt can be removed from the surface of particles by washing with Milli-Q water and the particles can be further separated by ball-milling to get well-dispersed Pr³⁺ ions doped CBT fine particles. The luminescence properties, such as photoluminescence (PL) and mechanoluminescence (ML), of as-synthesized Pr: CBT particles were investigated. For Pr: CBT fine particles with different Ca molar ratios, all the samples show one emission at 612 nm, with increasing Ca molar ratio, PL intensity of Pr: CBT fine particles become stronger and stronger. When pressure was loaded on the Pr: CBT pellet, mechanoluminescence(ML) emission was measured. The results show that the ML intensity is proportional to the applied pressure.     

Study on the thermal stability and electrical properties of the high-k dielectrics (ZrO2)x(SiO2)1?x

(ZrO₂) _x (SiO₂)_1−x (Zr-Si-O) films with different compositions were deposited on p-Si(100) substrates by using pulsed laser deposition technique. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) showed that these films remained amorphous after annealing at 800°C with RTA process in N₂ for 60 s. The XPS spectra indicated that Zr-Si-O films with x=0.5 suffered no obvious phase separation after annealing at 800°C, and no interface layer was formed between Zr-Si-O film and Si substrate. While Zr-Si-O films with x >0.5 suffered phase separation to precipitate ZrO₂ after annealing under the same condition, and SiO₂ was formed at the interface. To get a good interface between Zr-Si-O films and Si substrate, Zr-Si-O films with bi-layer structure (ZrO₂)_0.7(SiO₂)_0.3/(ZrO₂)_0.5(SiO₂)_0.5/Si was deposited. The electrical properties showed that the bi-layer Zr-Si-O film is of the lowest equivalent oxide thickness and good interface with Si substrate. Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60636010) and the National Basic Research Program of China (“973” Program) (Grant No. 2004CB619004)     

Dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics of the infrared sensitive (Pb1?xSrx)TiO3 ceramics

PST ferroelectric ceramics were fabricated successfully by a two-step method, i e first, PbTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ were sintered respectively, then mixed and sintered together. The process and characteristics of PST ferroelectric ceramics were introduced and researched. Their dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics are as follows dielectric constant 10⁴ order, low dielectric loss (lower than 3.0% in the working frequency range of 1–1 000 kHz), saturation polarization intensity 10⁻¹ C/m² order, and pyroelectric coefficient 10⁻³ C/m²·K order.     

Effect of Dy on structure and magnetic properties of DyxFe60.5?xPt39.5 Alloys

Effects of the content of Dy on structure and magnetic properties of Dy _x Fe_60.5−x Pt_39.5 alloys(x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5) were investigated. The results of XRD analysis proved that the phase-transitional temperature of Dy _x Fe_60.5−x Pt_39.5 alloys from disordered face-centered-cubic structure to ordered face-centered-tetragonal cubic structure decreases with the increase of the content of Dy(x). Suitable content of Dy can improve the exchange coupling between soft magnetic phase and hard magnetic phase by refining grain size, while the remanence ratio and coercivity of the Fe_60.5Pt_39.5 alloy can be significantly improved by a small replacement of Fe by Dy, good magnetic properties were obtained in Dy_0.5Fe_60.0Pt_39.5 alloys.     

水蒸汽对ZTM15(Y2O3)材料低温时效现象的影响

通过对ZrO2增韧莫来石陶瓷(ZTM)低温时效现象的研究,发现试样表面及内部存在的微裂纹是导致材料在100～200℃时效处理后强度下降的重要原因.当莫来石基体中四方氧化锆(t-ZrO2)晶粒为1.8μm时,ZTM15(2.0mol%Y2O3)材料在水蒸汽环境下经较短时间热处理,强度严重下降.水蒸汽可加速ZTM材料中四方氧化锆的相变．     

Microscopic phase-field simulation for coarsening behavior of L12 and DO22 phases of Ni75Cr x Al25? x alloy

Based on the microscopic phase-field dynamic model and the microelasticity theory, the coarsening behavior of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases in Ni₇₅Cr _x Al_25−x alloy was simulated. The results show that the initial irregular shaped, randomly distributed L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases are gradually transformed into cuboidal shape with round corner, regularly aligned along directions [100] and [001], and highly preferential selected microstructure is formed during the later stage of precipitation. The elastic field produced by the lattice mismatch between the coherent precipitates and the matrix has a strong influence on the coarsening kinetics, and there is no linear relationship between the cube of the average size of precipitates and the aging time, which does not agree with the results predicted by the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner. The coarsening processes of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases are retarded in elastically constrained system. In the concurrent system of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases, there are two types of coarsening modes: the migration of antiphase domain boundaries and the interphase Ostwald ripening. Foundation item: Project(50671084) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(20070420218) supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation     

Y2O3对烧结镁砂致密性的影响

以辽南产菱镁石为原料,先将菱镁石在煅烧炉中900℃煅烧2 h,冷却后得到轻烧氧化镁,然后将轻烧氧化镁按细磨—成型—烧结的工艺流程制备出烧结镁砂.采用差热分析、红外光谱分析、阿基米德排水法、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对合成试样的性能和微观结构进行了分析.考察了不同氧化钇添加量对试样性能和显微结构的影响,分析了氧化钇对氧化镁致密性的影响机理.结果表明:氧化钇添加剂使烧结镁砂的体积密度得到了显著的提高,氧化钇添加量为0.5%时,烧结镁砂的体积密度达到了最大值3.41 g/cm3,由于氧化钇的加入,致使氧化镁的烧结过程存在液相烧结,从而促进了MgO的烧结,提高烧结镁砂的体积密度.Y2O3与原料中的杂质相SiO2进行了反应,并生成了少量的Y2Si2O7相,新相的形成,提高了烧结镁砂的m(CaO)/m(SiO2)比以及烧结镁砂的高温使用性能.     

Preparation and Characterization of Alumina-coated Hollow Quartz Fiber Reinforced Al2O3–SiO2 Aerogel Composite

Al₂O₃-SiO₂ sols were synthesized by using aluminum chloride hex hydrate and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursors,deionized water and ethanol mixture as the solvent,and propylene oxide as the coagulant aids.Alumina coatings were prepared on the surfaces of hollow quartz filament fiber,then a new lightweight and thermal insulating material were successfully prepared by impregnating Al₂O₃-SiO₂ sol into a needle fabric made by coate...     

Adsorption of NO and NH3 over CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst

The selective catalytic reduction reaction belongs to the gas-solid multiphase reaction, and the adsorption of NH₃ and NO on CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts plays an important role in the reaction. Performance of the CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts was explored in a fixed bed adsorption system. The catalysts maintain nearly 100% NO conversion efficiency at 350 °C. Comprehensive tests were carried out to study the adsorption behavior of NH₃ and NO over the catalysts. The desorption experiments prove that NH₃ and NO are adsorbed on CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts. The adsorption behaviors of NH₃ and NO were also studied with the in-situ diffusion reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy methods. The results show that NH₃ could be strongly adsorbed on the catalysts, resulting in coordinated NH₃ and NH₄⁺ NO adsorption leads to the formation of bridging bidentate nitrate, chelating bidentate nitrate, and chelating nitro. The interaction of NH₃ and NO molecules with the Cu²⁺ present on the CuAl₂O₄ (100) surface was investigated by using a periodic density functional theory. The results show that the adsorption of all the molecules on the Cu²⁺ site is energetically favorable, whereas NO bound is stronger than that of NH₃ with the adsorption site, and key information about the structural and energetic properties was also addressed.     

一种基于 MXene 的Fe2O3/Nb2O5/Nb4C3Tx 高灵敏丙酮传感器

MXene 具有较大比表面积和优异的导电性, 当与金属氧化物半导体结合时可以抑制片层团聚, 还可以大大提高载流子转移速率, 提高气敏性能。通过简单的水热和煅烧两步法成功合成了Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 三元复合材料。通过表征, Fe₂O₃ 微米球分布在 MXene 纳米片层之间。气敏测试结果表明, 与原始Fe₂O₃相 比, Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 传感器对丙酮的响应能力有明显的提高。传感器灵敏度高, 选择性较好, 对环境中 浓度为 5 ×10^?6 的丙酮响应高 (R_a /R_g = 7.81, 30% RH), 响应和恢复速度快, 具有出色的重复性和长期稳定性。Fe₂O₃/Nb₂O₅/Nb₄C₃T_x 传感器具有良好的气敏性能, 主要因为三元复合材料提供了较大比表面积和丰富的氧空位, 增强了活性位点, 使得气体易于在传感器表面扩散, 为开发丙酮敏感复合材料提供了参考。     

α-Fe2O3(001)及其掺杂表面吸附As2O3机制的密度泛函理论

为提高催化剂抗砷能力,采用密度泛函理论（DFT）方法研究As₂O₃在α-Fe₂O₃（001）表面的吸附行为以及掺杂Mo、Mn、Ni对α-Fe₂O₃（001）表面As₂O₃吸附行为的影响。建立As₂O₃在α-Fe₂O₃（001）表面吸附模型和Mo、Mn、Ni掺杂的吸附模型,计算As₂O₃在催化剂表面的吸附能,分析成键态密度以及掺杂前后的As₂O₃在α-Fe₂O₃（001）表面的电荷布局。结果表明：这4种体系均发生电子转移,Mo掺杂活化了As₂O₃分子,使得As₂O₃倾向于吸附在Mo活性位点上,保护了Fe活性位点,...     

Synthesis and photoluminescence property of red phosphors LiEu1?xYx(WO4)0.5(MoO4)1.5 for white LED

A series of novel red phosphors LiEu_1−x Y _x (WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8) were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method with the starting materials: WO₃, MoO₃, Eu₂O₃, Li₂CO₃ and Y₂O₃. The spectrum and the crystal structure of the phosphors were characterized by F-4500 and XRD respectively. Meanwhile the effects of flux and Y³⁺ concentration on the crystal structure and luminescent properties of the phosphors were investigated. The results showed that the optimal content of flux () was 1 wt% and the optimal doping concentration of Y³⁺ was 0.5 mol. The emission spectrum showed the most intense peak was located at 615 nm, which corresponds to the ⁵ D ₀→⁷ F ₂ transition of Eu³⁺ and that Eu³⁺ occupied the lattice site of noncentrosymmetric environment in the scheelite phases. The excitation spectrum displayed that these phosphors could be effectively excited by ultraviolet (UV) (396 nm) and blue (466 nm) light, nicely in correspondence with the widely applied output wavelengths of ultraviolet or blue LED chips. The influence of flux on the luminescent properties of LiEu_0.5Y_0.5(WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 phosphor was analyzed. The XRD spectra indicated that the flux could help to crystallize the phosphor, and no other phases were formed except the tetragonal. When adding flux, the relative intensity of LiEu_0.5Y_0.5(WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 became much stronger and the average particle size of the phosphor decreased. Supported by the Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Hubei Province (Grant No. 2005AA105A05)     

(Gd2O3)x（ZrO2）1-x（x=0.05-0.15）电解质材料的电导及其分子动力学模拟

为了探讨作为固体氧化物燃料电池电解质材料的可行性,采用交流阻抗谱研究了(Gd2O3)x(ZrO2)1-x(x=0.05-0.15)固体电解质材料的晶粒电导率,并通过分子动力学方法模拟了Gd2O3掺杂ZrO2固体电解质材料的动力学行为,计算并分析了温度和Gd2O3掺杂量对体系离子传导性能的影响.实验和模拟结果均表明,升高温度能明显增强离子电导性能.当Gd2O3掺杂量为8 mol%时,材料的电导性能取得最优值.     

Preparation, characterizations and magnetic properties of doped barium hexaferrites BaFe12-2x Mn x Sn x O19 (x = 0.0–1.0)

A series of doped barium hexaferrites BaFe12-2xMnxSnxO19 (x = 0.0-1.0) particles were prepared by the co-precipitation/molten salt method. The particle size and crystalline of the samples BaFe12-2xMnxSnxO19 decrease with an increase in the doping amount x. When x is less than 0.8, the pure BaFe12-2xMnxSnxO19 particles with hexagonal plate morphology are obtained. The effects of substitution on magnetic properties were evaluated and compared to nomal BaFe12O19. The specific magnetizations (Ms) of doped materials have been significantly improved. Among all these compositions, the BaFe10.4Mn0.8Sn0.8O19 sample has the highest Ms value of 81.8 A?m2?kg-1 at room temperature and its intrinsic coercivity (Hc) is 44.5 kA?m-1. The as-prepared doped barium ferrites exhibit a low temperature coefficient of coercivity close to zero. The coercivity is independent of temperature when x is in the a range 0.5-0.7.     

Solvothermal preparation and thermoelectric properties of quasi-binary Sn(Pb)Te-Bi_2Te_3 compounds

The alloys based on Bi2Te3 are widely known as the best thermoelectric materials currently available for thermoelectric application near room temperature. Unfortunately the efficiency for TE device is limited by poor properties of TE materials. Excellent TE materials require a perfect combination of electrical and thermal properties. The challenge lies in achieving simultaneously high power factor (2) and low thermal conductivity, which define the dimensionless figure of merit ZT=(a2s/k)T[…     

Solution-combustion Synthesized Nano-pellet α-Al2O3 and Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexane by Its Supported Cobalt Acetate

Nano-pellet α-Al₂O₃ was prepared using aluminum nitrate as precursor and urea as fuel by a fast method of solution combustion synthesis.The formation of the nano material was dependent on the molar ratio of fuel/oxidant,calcination temperature,and foreign metallic ions.The prerequisite conditions of the formation were a suitable fuel/oxidant molar ratio larger than two and calcination temperature higher than 673 K.Foreign ions,Ce⁴⁺ or Co²⁺,hindered thi...     

空心和多孔Y2O3:Eu3+微球的超声喷雾热解法可控合成及其光致发光性能

以蔗糖或柠檬酸为辅助剂,通过改变超声喷雾热解期间雾滴中溶剂的蒸发方式和溶质聚集状态,进行空心和多孔Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺微球的可控合成。探究了辅助剂的种类和比例对微球形貌的影响,提出了空心和多孔Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺微球形成机制,并分析了空心和多孔Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺微球的晶体结构及光致发光性能。结果表明：Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺微球组分均匀,仍保留立方Y₂O₃结构;添加蔗糖后可获得中空结构,添加柠檬酸则为多孔结构,这归因于添加的蔗糖在雾滴干燥时络合成膜,水分透过膜蒸发,溶质沉积在膜内壁形成空心球壳,而添加的柠檬酸则与溶质形成均匀的螯合物,在高热解温时产生大量原位介孔;空心和多孔Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺微球均在611 nm处表现出典型的红光...     

Simple Preparation of Crystal Co3（BTC）2·12H2O and Its Catalytic Activity in CO Oxidation Reaction

Crystalline metal-organic framework cobalt(Ⅱ) benzenetricarboxylate Co3(BTC)2?12H2O(MOF-Co) has been prepared using solvothermal method. The reaction of cobalt(Ⅱ) nitrate and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic(BTC) acid in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF)/C2H5OH/H2O(1:1:1, ν/ν) at low temperature for short reaction times produced this crystalline compound. Compared with traditional hydrothermal method, a mixed solution method for the synthesis of crystalline metal complex was found to be highly efficient. After water molecules were removed from this metal complex, its exposed nodes served as active sites. When this MOF-Co was employed in the oxidation of CO, it showed good catalytic properties causing 100% conversion of CO to CO2 at low temperature of 160 ℃.     

Preparation and upconversion luminescence properties of LaF3∶[KG-*2]Yb3+,Er3+／SiO2 nanocomposites with core／shell structure

LaF3:Yb3 +,Er3 + nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using solvothermal treatment,and LaF3:Yb3 +,Er3 +/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles were also prepared with reverse microemulsion technique.The...     

Co(OH)2/NiAl-LDH共修饰的α-Fe2O3光阳极增强光电化学分解水性能

采用水热法在掺杂氟的SnO₂导电玻璃(FTO)上生长α-Fe₂O₃光阳极薄膜,通过负载不同量的NiAl-LDH及Co(OH)₂双助催化剂,对α-Fe₂O₃的水分解性能进行改进。通过XRD,SEM和XPS对材料的结构进行表征,结果显示,Co(OH)₂/NiAl-LDH薄膜已成功制备,其在α-Fe₂O₃表面呈均匀分布的交联网状结构,该网状结构促进质子和反阴离子的快速转移,减少电解质溶液对α-Fe₂O₃的腐蚀。光电化学性能测试结果表明,在强碱性电解质溶液中,相比较于纯α-Fe₂O₃光阳极,[Co(OH)₂]₁/Ni₃Al-LDH/α-Fe₂O₃复合材料表现出较优的光电催化活性,光电流密度提高4倍,且在光...