浅谈铁碳微电解处理含盐废水的可生化性

废水处理的效果,受到很多因素的影响,例如p H值的含量、盐的含量以及处理时间上;通常废水处理我们都会选择"铁碳微电解法-高级氧化工艺"来处理某化工厂的含盐废水,而这种工艺对废水处理效果影响的因素也是本文所述的几点,选出COD去除率最高的最佳条件。然后把该废水通过Fenton氧化、O3氧化、Fe2+/Na Cl O法等高级氧化方法进行可生化性研究。实验表明:在反应初始p H为3.0、反应时间为60min、含盐量2.5%、曝气条件下,COD去除率为26.5%。Fenton氧化对该废水的可生化性提高最大,BOD/COD=0.5。有利于进一步生化处理。     

白腐真菌处理二硝基重氮酚废水工艺条件的研究

文章以微电解处理后的二硝基重氮酚(DDNP)工业废水为研究对象,研究白腐真菌处理DDNP废水的工艺条件.根据试验分析结果,初步确定了白腐真菌处理DDNP废水的优化条件:在液体培养基1、温度为35℃、pH值为4.5、MnSO4和酒石酸铵含量分别为1 mg·L-1与0.2 g·L-1以及采用驯化白腐真菌和摇床处理的效果好,生化反应时间为108 h.     

印染废水处理方法研究

本文对铁碳微电解和芬顿催化氧化联合预处理印染工业废水中的有机物进行了研究。对影响印染废水降解的几种因素如进水pH值、铁碳比、曝气时间、水中双氧水的质量浓度等进行考察。试验结果表明,对于COD为2300mg／L的印染废水,在进水pH值=2．5的情况下,当铁碳比为4：3、H2O2用量为150mg／L、曝气时间为120min时,印染废水COD去除率可达58％。与铁碳微电解法相比,铁碳微电解和芬顿催化氧化联合作用对印染废水的COD去除,表现出了更好的处理效果,可生化性由0.2提高到0.41。     

臭氧催化氧化-活性炭吸附处理DDNP废水

采用臭氧催化氧化-活性炭吸附方法处理DDNP废水,与单独臭氧氧化相比,催化剂的加入可以提高反应后期酸性环境下臭氧的氧化效率。试验选用Fe-活性炭催化组合,在曝气量为70 L/min,臭氧质量浓度为11.5mg/L的情况下处理500 mL废水,1 h后废水中COD、色度、硝基酚类化合物去除率分别达到72.6%、94.3%、80.6%;活性炭吸附处理臭氧催化氧化后DDNP废水可达到《兵器工业水污染排放标准》。当活性炭饱和导致水质超标时,采用臭氧对活性炭进行再生20 min,经反复10次试验,出水水质中COD稳定在131.47~152.96 mg/L,色度和硝基酚类化合物的含量低于排放标准,处理效果良好,具有可重复性。     

铁屑-粉煤灰微电解法处理DDNP废水

研究用铁屑-粉煤灰微电解法处理二硝基重氮酚生产废水,通过正交试验优化了处理条件,考察废水pH值、反应时间和反应温度等因素对处理效果的影响.对处理后废水的色度和CODcr进行了测试.结果表明,影响废水色度去除率和CODcr去除率的主要因素是废水的pH值.     

DDNP废水处理方法研究综述

DDNP废水的治理是一大难题.文中归纳整理出现有处理DDNP废水的方法,并在此基础上对其优缺点进行了讨论,旨在对其做进一步的研究,以找到一种治理效果好、成本低廉的可靠方法.     

锰/钼催化剂对臭氧微电解处理废水效能的研究

针对印染废水色度高、成分复杂、可生化性差等特点,向铁碳填料中加入锰/钼氧化物作催化剂来提高臭氧微电解工艺对该废水的处理效能。对比处理效果找出填料中锰钼催化剂的添加量。用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪等对填料和废水进行表征,探究催化剂在处理印染废水过程中的催化作用。实验结果表明,填料中锰的最佳比例为n(Fe)∶n(Mn)=12∶1,钼的最佳比例为n(Fe)∶n(Mo)=40∶1,COD的去除率分别为91.16%、83.99%,其中铁碳锰填料处理的废水可生化性达到0.66。结合对实验材料的理化表征,综合分析,锰、钼催化剂的催化效果明显,且锰催化剂较优于钼。     

厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBR)处理高浓度豆制品废水的研究

采用膨胀污泥床反应器与外置管式超滤膜组成厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBR)处理高浓度豆制品废水,实验连续运行240d,AnMBR平均处理量30～160L/d,研究了反应器的处理效果并获得了最佳水力停留时间(HRT).实验结果表明,AnMBR处理高浓度豆制品废水能够达到较好的效果,当进水COD为10g/L左右时,最佳HRT为18h,COD去除率约90%,此时相对应的有机负荷(OLR,以COD计)为13.6kg/(m3.d);稳定运行期间,单位COD气体产率为0.10～0.25L/g,甲烷含量在70%左右:在0.1MPa操作压力条件下进行膜的运行试验,考察了不同清洗方式的效果,采用最佳清洗方式膜通量可以恢复到新膜的90%左右.     

减少DDNP生产废水的方法

针对DDNP生产过程中产生大量废水的问题,分析产生废水的主要来源,并提出在DDNP生产过程中通过采用新的DDNP生产工艺;研发使用DDNP生产中冷却水循环回收装置;使用新型洗料器和新的洗料工艺等方法来减少DDNP生产废水。     

软性填料生物接触氧化法处理啤酒废水试验研究

试验以软性填料为载体,采用生物接触氧化法处理中高浓度啤酒废水,通过检测COD指标,研究其处理效果。实验表明,由于软性填料具有较大的理论比表面积、空隙率较高等特点,所以附着生物较多,反应器挂膜较快,处理能力较高,抗冲击负荷能力较强。生物接触氧化法处理中高浓度的啤酒废水取得了较好的效果。系统正常运行五天后,COD去除率就比较稳定,约为80%左右。处理后期,COD去除率在90%左右。     

Process control, energy recovery and cost savings in acetic acid wastewater treatment

An anaerobic fixed bed loop (AFBL) reactor was applied for treatment of acetic acid (HAc) wastewater. Two pH process control concepts were investigated; auxostatic and chemostatic control. In the auxostatic pH control, feed pump is interrupted when pH falls below a certain pH value in the bioreactor, which results in reactor operation at maximum load. Chemostatic control assures alkaline conditions by setting a certain pH value in the influent, preventing initial reactor acidification. The AFBL reactor treated HAc wastewater at low hydraulic residence time (HRT) (10-12 h), performed at high space time loads (40-45 kg COD/m(3) d) and high space time yield (30-35 kg COD/m(3) d) to achieve high COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal (80%). Material and cost savings were accomplished by utilizing the microbial potential for wastewater neutralization during anaerobic treatment along with application of favourable pH-auxostatic control. NaOH requirement for neutralization was reduced by 75% and HRT was increased up to 20 h. Energy was recovered by applying costless CO(2) contained in the biogas for neutralization of alkaline wastewater. Biogas was enriched in methane by 4 times. This actually brings in more energy profits, since biogas extra heating for CO(2) content during biogas combustion is minimized and usage of other acidifying agents is omitted.     

两性聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝性能研究

将两性聚丙烯酰胺在钢厂综合废水及印染废水中进行了比较系统的絮凝试验，讨论了不同阳离子度的两性聚丙烯酰胺及不同ｐＨ值对絮凝沉降的影响，并与其它类型的絮凝剂相比较。实验结果表明，两性聚丙烯烯酰胺具有独特的絮凝性能，絮凝效果良好。     

Treatment of pesticide wastewater by moving-bed biofilm reactor combined with Fenton-coagulation pretreatment

In order to treat pesticide wastewater having high chemical oxygen demand (COD) value and poor biodegradability, Fenton-coagulation process was first used to reduce COD and improve biodegradability and then was followed by biological treatment. Optimal experimental conditions for the Fenton process were determined to be Fe(2+) concentration of 40 mmol/L and H(2)O(2) dose of 97 mmol/L at initial pH 3. The interaction mechanism of organophosphorous pesticide and hydroxyl radicals was suggested to be the breakage of the P=S double bond and formation of sulfate ions and various organic intermediates, followed by formation of phosphate and consequent oxidation of intermediates. For the subsequent biological treatment, 3.2g/L Ca(OH)(2) was added to adjust the pH and further coagulate the pollutants. The COD value could be evidently decreased from 33,700 to 9300 mg/L and the ratio of biological oxygen demand (BOD(5)) to COD of the wastewater was enhanced to over 0.47 by Fenton oxidation and coagulation. The pre-treated wastewater was then subjected to biological oxidation by using moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) inside which tube chip type bio-carriers were fluidized upon air bubbling. Higher than 85% of COD removal efficiency could be achieved when the bio-carrier volume fraction was kept more than 20% by feeding the pretreated wastewater containing 3000 mg/L of inlet COD at one day of hydraulic retention time (HRT), but a noticeable decrease in the COD removal efficiency when the carrier volume was decreased down to 10%, only 72% was observed. With the improvement of biodegradability by using Fenton pretreatment, also due to the high concentration of biomass and high biofilm activity using the fluidizing bio-carriers, high removal efficiency and stable operation could be achieved in the biological process even at a high COD loading of 37.5 gCOD/(m(2)carrierday).     

光催化氧化法处理胶印油墨废水的研究

目的研究光催化氧化法处理胶印油墨废水,实现胶印油墨废水的达标排放。方法首先对胶印油墨废水进行混凝预处理,降低油墨废水浊度,然后采用光催化氧化法降解胶印油墨废水,寻求光催化氧化法处理胶印油墨废水的最优条件。结果在催化剂的质量浓度为0.4 g/L,紫外光照时间为40 min,p H值为5时,采用光催化氧化法降解胶印油墨废水时达到最优,废水中的COD和色度的去除率分别达到90.3%和93.4%。结论光催化氧化处理胶印油墨废水的方法切实可行,符合绿色印刷要求。     

Combined physical,chemical and biological treatments of wastewater containing organics from a semiconductor plant

Wastewater containing organics from a semiconductor plant was experimentally investigated in this study. The wastewater is characterized by strong color, high chemical oxygen demand (COD), a large amount of refractory volatile organic compounds and low biodegradability. Because of these characteristics, treatment of this wastewater by traditional activated sludge method is essentially impossible. In the present work, combined physical, chemical and biological methods were synergistically utilized to tackle the wastewater. The combined treatment consisted of air stripping, modified Fenton oxidation and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) method. Air stripping was employed to remove the majority of volatile organic components (notably isopropyl alcohol) from the wastewater, while the Fenton treatment decomposed the remaining refractory organics leading to simultaneous reductions of wastewater COD and color. After proper dilution with other low-strength, organics-containing wastewater stream, the wastewater effluent was finally treated by the SBR method. Experimental tests were conducted to determine the effectiveness and the optimum operating conditions of each treatment process. Test results clearly demonstrated the advantages of the combined treatments. The treatment train was found capable of lowering the wastewater COD concentration from as high as 80,000 mg/l to below 100mg/l and completely eliminating the wastewater color. The overall water quality of the final effluent exceeded the direct discharge standard and the effluent can even be considered for reuse.     

低温等离子体高效净化含PAM废水工艺研究

采用低温等离子体技术处理含聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)废水,研究了放电电压、放电时间、溶液pH对不同浓度PAM溶液化学需氧量(COD)降解率的影响规律,同时还研究了不放电条件下PAM溶液pH以及放电条件下放电时间对不同浓度PAM溶液黏度去除率的影响,考察了放电条件下pH对质量浓度1.0g/L PAM溶液黏度去除率的影响规律。通过正交试验确定影响PAM溶液COD降解率的主次顺序为:放电时间>放电电压>溶液浓度>溶液pH。在放电时间5h、放电电压40kV、PAM溶液质量浓度1.0g/L、pH=1.5时,COD降解率最佳,可达85.74%。     

有机废水中COD与TOC的比值的探讨

本文以葡萄糖、谷氨酸、邻苯二甲酸氢钾及甲基橙为例,对COD与TOC之间的比值及相关关系做了讨论,并对印染、制革等有机污染企业的废水进行测定,给出其COD与TOC的比值。